A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

RHASCUPORIS. RHASCUS. - 647
RHA'MPHIAS ('PanL4pas), a Lacedaemonian, virs. According to Appian this was a politic and
father of Clearchus (Thuc. viii. 8, 39; Xen. Hell. i. provident device for mutual security; and it was
1. ~ 35), was one of the three ambassadors who were agreed beforehand that the brother whose party
sent to Athens in B. C. 432, with the final demand was triumphant, should obtain the pardon of the
of Sparta for the independence of all the Greek brother whose party was vanquished. And so,
states. The demand was refused, and the Pelo- after the victory at Philippi, Rhascuporis owed his
ponnesian war ensued. (Thuc. i. 139, &c.) In life to the intercession of Rhascus. Each brother
B. c. 422 Rhamphias, with two colleagues, cor- rendered good service to his respective party.
manded a force of 900 men, intended for the When the road from Asia into Macedonia, by
strengthening of Brasidas in Thrace; but their Aenos and Maroneia, had been preoccupied by the
passage through Thessaly was opposed by the triumviral legions, Rhascuporis, in whose dominions
Thessalians, and, hearing also of the battle of the passes were, led the armies of Brutus and
Amphipolis and the death of Brasidas, they re- Cassius by a road through the forest, known only
turned to Sparta. (Thuc. v. 12, 13.) [E. E.] to himself and Rhascus. And Rhascus, on the
RHAMPSINITUS ('PayuiVLVToT), called Rhemn- other hand, by his local knowledge, detected the
phis by D)iodorus, one of the ancient kings of march of the enemy, and saved his allies from
Egypt, is said to have succeeded Proteus, and to being cut off in the rear. (Caes. B. C. iii. 4; Aphave been himself succeeded by Cheops. This pian. B. C. iv. 87, 103-106, 136; Lucan. Pharsal.
king is said to have possessed immense wealth, v. 55; Dion Cass. xlvii. 25.) For the varieties
and in order to keep it safe he had a treasury built in the orthography of Rhascuporis, e. g., Rhascyof stone, respecting the robbery of which Hero- polis, Rascyporis, Thrascypolis, &c., see Fabricius,
dotus relates a romantic story, which bears a ad Dion Cass. xlvii. 25; Adrian, Turneb. Adversar.
great resemblance to the one told by Pausanias xiv. 17. On the coins we meet with BanoAeos
(ix. 37. ~ 4) respecting the treasury built by the'PacKov7ropiaos (Cary, Hist. des Rois de Traece, pl.
two brothers Agamedes and Trophonius of Orcho- 2), and'PalotcowvropLos (Eckhel, vol. ii. p. 59).
menus [AGAMEDES]. Rhampsinitus is said to Lucan (I. c., ed. Oudendorp) calls him "gelidae
have built the western propylaea of the temple of dominum Rllascupolin orae."
Hephaestus, and to have placed in front of it two 2. Brother of Rhoemetalces, king of Thrace,
large statues, each of the size of twenty-five and jointly with him defeated, A. D. 6, the Dalmacubits, which the Egyptians called Summer and tians and Breucians in Macedonia [BATO, No. 2].
Winter. It is further stated that this king de- On the death of Rhoemetalces, Rhascuporis rescended to Hades and played a game at dice with ceived from Augustus a portion of his dominions,
Demeter, and on his return to the earth a festival the remainder being awarded to his nephew Cotys,
was instituted in honour of the goddess (Herod. ii. son of the deceased [CoTYs, No. 5]. Rhascuporis
121, 122; Diod. i. 62). Rhampsinitus belongs to was discontented, either with his share of Thrace
the twentieth dynasty according to Bunsen, and is - the barren mountainous district had been asknown on inscriptions by the name of Ramessu signed him, —or with divided power; but so long
Neter-kek-pen (Bunsen, Aegyptens Stelle in der as Augustus lived he did not dare to disturb the
Weltgeschichte. vol. iii. pp. 119, 120). apportionment. On the emperor's decease, howRHAMSES, another form of the name Ramses. ever, he invaded his nephew's kingdom, and hardly
[RAMSES.] desisted at Tiberius' command. Next, on pretence
RHA'RIAS ('Paplds), a surname of Demeter, of an amicable adjustment, Rhascuporis invited his
which she derived from the Rharian plain in the nephew to a conference, seized his person, and threw
neighbourhood of Eleusis, the principal seat of her him into prison; and finally, thinking a completed
worship. (Paus. i. 38. ~ 6; Steph. Byz. and Suid. crime safer than an imperfect one, put him to death.
s. v.) [L. S.] To Tiberius Rhascuporis alleged the excuse of
RHARUS ('Pdpos), the father of Triptolemus at self-defence, and that the arrest and murder of his
Eleusis (Pans. i. 14. ~?). It is worthy of re- nephew merely prevented his own assassination.
mark, that according to the scholiast (on I1. i. 56), The emperor, however, summoned the usurper to
the P in this name had the spiritus lenis. [L. S.] Rome, that the matter might be investigated, and
RHASCU'PORIS ('Paowlovropls). 1. Brother Rhascuporis, on pretext of war with the Scythian
of Rhascus, and with him chieftain of a Thracian Bastarnae, began to collect an army. But he was
clan, whose territories extended from the northern enticed into the Roman camp by Pomponius Flacshores of the Propontis to the Hebrus and the cus [No. 2], propraetor of Mysia, sent to Rome,
neighbourhood of Philippi. Whether the clan were condemned, and relegated to Alexandria, where an
that of the Sapaei or the Korpalli, or comprised excuse was presently found for putting him to death,
both races, is uncertain. But it occupied both the A. D. 19. He left a son, Rhoemetalces, who sucmountain ridge that skirts the Propontis and the ceeded to his father's moiety of Thrace. (Tac.
southern plains which lie between the base of Ann. ii. 64-67, iii. 38; Vell. Pat. ii. 129; Suet.
Mount Rhodope and the sea (comp. Appian, B. C. Tib. 37; Dion Cass. Iv. 30.)
iv. 87, 105; Tac. Ann. ii. 64; Plin. H.N. iv. 11 3. Son of Cotys (probably No. 4),was defeated
(18)). We can only thus explain the seeming in- and slain in battle by Vologaeses, chief of the
consistency in Appian's account of these chieftains; Thracian Bessi, and leader of the general revolt of
for he describes their territory as a lofty, cold, and Thrace against the Romans in B. C. 13. (Dion Cass.
woody region, and yet assigns to them a powerful liv. 34; comp. Vell. Pat. ii. 98.) [W. B. D.]
body of cavalry. In the civil war, B. C. 49-48, RHASCUS ('PdaKos), was one of the two
Rhascuporis joined Cn. Pompey, with 200 horse, chieftains of a Thracian clan. In the civil wars of
at Dyrrachiumn; and in the war that followed Rome, B. c. 43, 42, he espoused the party of
Caesar's death, he aided Cassius with 3000, while Augustus and M. Antony, while his brother Rhashis brother Rhascus, at the head of an equal cuporis embraced that of Brutus and Cassius. After
number of cavalry, embraced the cause of the trium- the victory of the triumvirs at Philippi, Rhascus
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