A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

634 QUINTILIANUS. QIJINTJLTANUS.
Barbatus in B. C. 471; but from that year their he returned from thence (A. D. 68) in the train of
name constantly appears in the Fasti. The three Galba, and forthwith began to practise at the bar
great patrician families of the Quintia Gens were (vii. 2), where he acquired considerable reputation.
~those of CAPITOLINUS, CINCINNATUS, and FLA- But lie was chiefly distinguished as a teacher of
MININUS. Besides these we find Quintii with the eloquence, bearing away the palm in this departfollowing surnames: ATTA, CLAUDUS, CRISPINUS, ment from all his rivals, and associating his name
IhIRPINUS, SCAPULA, TROGus. A few persons, even to a proverb, with pre-eminence in the art.
who bear no cognomens, are given under QuIN- Among his pupils were numbered Pliny the younger
TIUS. The only surname that occurs on coins is (Plin. Ep. ii. 14, vi. 6) and the two grand-nephews
that of Crispinus Sulpicianus, which is found on of Domitian. By this prince he was invested with
coins struck in the time of Augustus. (Eckhel, the insignia and title of consul (consularia ornavol. v. p. 291.) It is related that it was the menta), and is, moreover, celebrated as the first
custom in the Quintia gens for even the women not public instructor, who, in virtue of the endowment
to wear any ornaments of gold. (Plin. H. N. xxxiii. by Vespasian (Suet. Vesp. 18), received a regular
1. s. 6.) salary from the imperial exchequer. After having
devoted twenty years, commencing probably with
A. D. 69, to the laborious duties of his profession,
A d z t~ fhe retired into private life, and is supposed to have
died about A. D. 118., — ) C A? hi & S Martial, himself from the neighbourhood of Cala*~ / v~o~, Lgurris (Ep. i. 62), and fond of commemorating the
literary glories of his own land, although he pays a
tribute to the fame of Quintilian (xi. 90),
" Quintiliane, vagae moderator summe juventae,
COIN OF QUINTIA GENS. Gloria Romanae, Quintiliane, togae,"QUINTIA'NUS, AFRA'NIUS, a senator of nowhere claims him as a countryman, and hence it
dissolute life, had been ridiculed by Nero in a has been concluded that he was not by birth a
poem, and in revenge took part in Piso's con- Spaniard, but this negative evidence cannot be alspiracy against that emperor. On the detection lowed to outweigh the direct testimony of Ausonius
of the conspiracy he had to put an end to his life, (Prof. i. 7), confirmed by Hieronymus (Ci/ron. Euwhich he did, says Tacitus, "non ex priore vitae seb. Olymp. ccxi. ccxvii.) and Cassiodorus (Cziron.
mollitia." (Tac. Ann. xv. 49, 56, 70.) sub Domitian. ann. viii.).
QUINTI/LIA, or QUINCTI'LIA GENS, It is frequently affirmed in histories of Roman litpatrician. This name occurs in the earliest legends erature that the father of Quintilian was a pleader,
of Roman history, for the followers of Romulus and that his grandfaither was Quintilian the deamong the shepherds are said to have been called claimer spoken of by Seneca, but the passages reQuintilii, just as those of his brother Remus were ferred to in proof of these assertions will be found
named Fabii. The Luperci, who were among the not to warrant any such inferences (ix. 3. ~ 73;
most ancient priests of Rome, were divided into Senec. Controv. v. praef. and 33).
two classes, one called Quintilii or Quintiliani, and Doubts have been expressed with regard to the
the other Fabii or Fabiani. (Festus, s. vv. Quine- emperor to whom Quintilian was indebted for the
tiliani Luperci, and Fabiani; Ovid. Fast. ii. 378). honours alluded to above, and it has been confiHence it has been conjectured with much pro- dently maintained that Hadrian, not Domitian, was
bability that this priesthood was originally con- his patron. In the prooemium to the fourth book
fined to these gentes. (Comp. Diet. of Ant. s. v. of the Institutions the author records with grateLuperci.) But although the gens was so ancient, ful pride that Domitianus Augustus had committed
it never attained any historical importance, and its to his care the grandsons of his sister,-that is, the
name.is best known from the unfortunate Quin- sons of Flavius Clemens and Domitilla the younger
tilius Varus, who was destroyed with his whole (see Sueton. Dom. 15; Dion Cass. p. 1112, ed.
army by the Germans in the reign of Augustus. Reimar). Again, Ausonius, in his Gratiarum
The Quintilii obtained only one consulship and Actio ad Gratianum, remarks "Quintilianus conone dictatorship during the whole of the republican sularia per Clementem ornamenta sortitus hollestaperiod, the former in B. C. 453, and the latter in menta nominis potius videtur quam insignia potesB.C. 331. During the republic VARUS is the tatis habuisse." It would be false scepticism to
only family-name that occurs in the gens; but in doubt that the Clemens here named is the Flavius
the times of the empire we find one or two other Clemens to whose children Quintilian acted as precognomens, which are given below. ceptor, and if this be admitted, the question seems
QUINTILIA'NUS, nI. FA'BIUS, the most to be set at rest. To this distinction doubtless the
celebrated of Roman rhetoricians, was a native of satirist alludes, when he sarcastically declares
Calagurris (Calahorra), in the upper valley of the Si Fortuna volet fibs do rhetore consul."
Ebro. He was born about A. D. 40, and if not
reared at Rome, must at least have completed his The pecuniary circumstances, also, of Quintilian,
education there, for he himself informs us (v. 7. ~ have afforded a theme for considerable discussion,
7) that, while yet a very young man, he attended in consequence of the (apparently) contradictory
the lectures of Domitius Afer, at that time far ad- statements of Juvenal and Pliny. The former,
vanced in life, and that he witnessed the decline of after inveighing against the unsparing profusion of
his powers (v. 7. ~ 7, x. 1. ~~ 11, 24, 36, xii. 11. the rich in all luxurious indulgences connected with
~ 3). Now we know from other sources that Do- the pleasures of the table, as contrasted with the
mitius Afer died in A. D. 59 (Tac. Ann. -xiv. 19; paltry remuneration which they offered to the most
Frontin. de Aqzued. 102). Having revisited Spain, distinguished teachers of youth, exclaims (vii. 186),