A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

50 ORIGENES. ORIGENES.
in the course of the article. Their notices have would be decisive if it was. Montfaucon (Praelim..
been collected and arranged by various modern in Hexapla, c. iii.) has cited some passages from
writers: as Huet (Origeniana, lib. i.); Cave Origen and other writers, which indicate the pri(Apostolici, or Lives of the Primitive Fathers, ority of the Tetrapla; and the supposition that the
and Hist. Litt. ad' A.D. 230, vol. i. p. 112, ed. less complete and elaborate work was the earlier is
Oxon. 1740-3); Doucin (Hist. De l'Origenisme, the more probable, especially if we receive the testiliv. i. ii.); Tillemont (Mimoires, vol. iii. p. 494, mony of Epiphanius, that the lIexala was finished
&c.); Dupin (Nouvelle Biblioth. Trois Premiers at Tyre, during the time that Origen resided there.
Siecles, vol. i. p. 326, &c. 8vo. Paris, 1698, &c.); For as that residence appears to have extended only
Oudin (De Scriptorib. Eccles. vol. i. col. 231, &c.); from the close of the Decian persecution to his
Ceillier (Auteurs Sacres, vol. ii. p. 584); Fabricius death, it is not likely that he would have had
(Bibl. Graec. vol. vii. p. 201, &c.); and Neander either time or energy to publish the Tetrapla, though
(Church History, vol. ii. p. 376, &c. Rose's trans- it would, indeed, have been only a portion of the
lation). Hexapla separated from the rest of the work.
WORKS. I. Editions of the Old Testament. The Hexapla consisted of several copies of the
Origen prepared two editions of the Old Testa- Old Testament, six in some parts, seven in others,
ment, known respectively as Tetrapla, " 7le Four- eight in others, and nine in a few, ranged in parallel
fold," and Hexapla, " The Six-fold." To the latter columns. The first column to the right contained
the names Octapla, "The Eight-fold," and En- the Hebrew text in Hebrew characters, (i.e. those
neapla, " The Nine-fold," have been sometimes now in use, not the more ancient Samaritan letters,)
given; but the last name is not found in any the second the same text in Greek characters, the
ancient writer. There is a difference also in the third the version of Aquila. the fourth that of
form of these names. Origen himself, Eusebius, and Symmachus, the fifth the Septuagint, the sixth the
Jerome use the plural forms'EreparAii, Tetrapla, and version of Theodotion, the proximity of these several
e~airXa, Hexapla; but later writers use the sin- versions to the columns containing the Hebrew
gular forms, TerpamrAxoiv, Tetraplum, and 4aerXeoi, text being determined by their more close and
Hexaplum. Epiphanius, in one place, speaks of literal adherence to the original; and the seventh,
ea7rAXas rc's I3giAovs, Sextuplices Libros. The eighth, and ninth columns being occupied by three
names s'TparAxoaov, ieaoSAL8oV, oKraa-reAL8o, Qua- versions, known from their position in this work
druplex Columlna (s. payina), Sextuplex Columna, as 71 7r/r'rL77 Kal 7 EKc71 Keal'i i7'1 1 4'E eeLs.
Octuplex Columna were also applied to the work Quinta, Sexta, et Septinma Editiones, i. e. versions.
by ancient writers. In one citation the name o' Each of the first six columns contained all the books
7reVTaeEarXrLoa, Quintuplex Columna, is found. In of the Old Testament, and these six complete
some cases a book of Scripture is cited thus: columns gave to the work its title Hexapla: bth
4aerXsovs'IepepZiag, Sextuplex Hierenmias, i. e. " Je- other columns contained only some of the books, and
remicah in the Hexacpla." But this multiplicity of principally the poetical books, and from them the
names must not mislead the reader into the supposi- work derived the titles of Octapla and Enneapla,
tion that Origen prepared more than the two works, which were therefore only partially applicable. The
known respectively as the Tetrapla and Hexapla. assertion that the title Hexapla was given to the
Which of the two was first published has been a work on account of its having six Greek versions,
subject of great dispute with the learned. The we believe to be erroneous. We give as a specimen
text of Eusebius (H. E. vi. 16, ad fin.) is not set- a passage from Habakkuk ii. 4, which is found in
tied in the place which refers to this point, nor all the columns.
l: Ti 1Egpuniv P6iei;vL/a- uOsO. Eua ya\O E'. -'. Z'.
E'Exxr\'iicoZs'AteLAas. oi'iee E/'Eepatic~p. x~yyp/as.. rWV.
1)l V ouscraic,8r1- Kal al- o he 06 0 6 X 60 Se 6 0 6b
1t1V:nO21 eouvacow iEte. Katos E'v hiKatos 3Ieato L IKaios havawis hlcaios 6ica15
rim,' ~ TiriT i 15 - e?) aem- T -i aV- Tr7 inn-' navtour TOr 7ris-'reVs /Aov'oV 7iri —'ro0 ris'- 70v iris'- TO7 7rifnN e' r5a. TEL NO-El. CiOs5'Tai. TEL NU)E1.I'r EL. TEL'i 5el TEL NSoEl.
The Tetrapla contained the four versions, the at Nicopolis, on the Ambracian gulf, in the reign
Septuagint, and those of Aquila, Symmachus, and of Alexander Severus. These dates would accord
Theodotion. Of the versions of Aquila, Symmachus, respectively with the time of Origen's first visits to
and Theodotion, an account is given under their re- Palestine and to Greece. Ancient writers, however,
spective names, and of the Septuagint there is a brief differ as to the discovery of these versions. Acnotice under ARISTEAS. Of the three remaining cording to one passage in Jerome (Prologus in
versions we give nere a brief account. The Quinta Exposit. Cantic. Canticor. secundzim Origen.), Origen
Editio, according to Epiphanius (De Mensuris et himself stated, that the Quinta Editio was found
Ponderib., c. 17, 18), and the author of the Synopsis at Nicopolis: according to Zonaras (Annal. xii. 11),
S. Scripturae, which is ascribed to Athanasius, was the Septima was found at Jericho; and according
found at Jericho in a wine jar, by one of the learned to Nicephorus Callisti, both the Sexta and Septima
men of Jerusalem; and Epiphanius adds the date were found there. Eusebius states that one of the
of the discovery, the seventh year of Caracalla versions was found at Jericho and one at Nicopolis,
(A. n. 217 or 218). The Editio Sexta, according to but does not give their numbers. The difference
the same authorities, was also found in a wvine jar between these authorities is owing more probably