A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

b66 PTOLEMAEUS. PTOLEMAEUS.
suaded to take up arms in his cause, but we know consequence put to death by Philip,. c. 218
nothing of the events of the war. (Justin. xxiv. (Polyb. v. 25, 26, 29.)
2; Trog. Pomp. Prol. xxiv.) It is probable, how- 15. Son of Thraseas, a leader of Greek merceever, that the Ptolemy who is mentioned as naries in the service of Ptolemy Philopator, who
establishing, or asserting, a transient claim to the was appointed, together with Andromachus, to
throne of Macedonia, during the period of anarchy command the phalanx in the war against Antiochus,
which followed the death of Ptolemy Ceraunus B. C. 217. (Polyb. v. 65.)
(S. c. 280-277), is no other than the one in ques- 16. Son of Aeropus, all officer in the service of
tion. (Porphyr. ap. Euseb. Arm. p. 157; Dexippus, Antiochus the Great at the battle of Panium, B. C.
ap. Synceli. p. 267.) 198. (Id. xvi. 18.)
9. Son of Pyrrhus, king of Epeirus, by his wife 17. Son of Eumenes, an officer in the service
Antigone, the step-daughter of Ptolemy Lagi. of Ptolemy Epiphanes king of Egypt, who was
When only fifteen years of age he was left by his charged with the duty of arresting Scopas, and
fiather in charge of his hereditary dominions, when bringing him to trial. [SCOPAS.] (Polyb. xviii. 36.)
Pyrrhus himself set out on his expedition to Italy, 18. Son of Sosibius, the minister of Ptolemy
B. C. 280. (Justin. xviii. 1.) Of his proceedings Philopator. He was naturally of a haughty and
during his father's absence we know nothing: but ambitious character, and these qualities were inilnmediately after the return of Pyrrhus, B. c. 274, creased by a visit he paid to the Macedonian
we find Ptolemy actively co-operating with him, court during the minority of Ptolemy Epiphanes.
reducing Corcyra with a small force: and after the Hence, on his return to Egypt, he made common
defeat of Antigonus Gonatas, repulsing him in an cause with his brother Sosibius, and took a proattempt to recover his lost kingdom, and inflicting minent part against Tlepolemus who held the chief
on him a second defeat. He afterwards accom- direction of affairs. Their intrigues were however
panied Pyrrhus on his expedition to the Pelopon- defeated, and the party of Tlepolesnus prevailed.
nese, B. C. 272, and took a prominent part in the (Polyb. xvi. 22.)
attack on Sparta, but in the march from thence 19. Surnamed MACRON, an Egyptian officer,
towards Argos, Areus having occupied the moun- who was appointed to the government of Cyprus
tain passes, a severe combat ensued, in which during the minority of Ptolemy Philometor; an
Ptolemy, who commanded the advanced guard of office which he discharged with zeal and ability.
his father's army, was slain. Young as he was, By prudent economy in the administration of the
he had given the most striking proofs of daring island, he amassed a large sum of money which he
courage and personal prowess, and, had his life sent to Philometor, on his attaining his majority,
been spared, would probably have rivalled the and thus secured the favour of the young king
renown of his father. (Justin. xxv. 3, 4; Plut. (Polyb. xxvii. 12, and Vales. ad loc."). What led
Pyrrls. 28, 30.) to the change in his policy we know not, but we
10. Son of Alexander II. king of Epeirus. subsequently find him betraying his trust, and
[PTOLEMAEUS, king of EPEIRUS.] giving over the island of Cyprus to Antiochus
11. An illegitimate son of Ptolemy Philadel- Epiphanes. (2 Mace. x. 12.)
phus, king of Egypt, who was appointed by his 20. A rhetorician of Alexandria, who was emfather to command at Ephesus, when that im- ployed as ambassador by Ptolemy Euergetes II. to
portant city fell into his hands during the war Antiochus Epiphanes when the latter was besieging
with Antiochus II. Ptolemy was subsequently Alexandria, B. c. 170 (Polyb. xxviii. 16). He is
induced to revolt from his father, in conjunction perhaps the same person with the brother ofComnanus,
with Timarchus, tyrant of Miletus, and attempted whom we find accompanying that minister on his
to establish his own power at Ephesus, but was embassy to Rome in B. C. 162. (Id.xxxi. 27.)
compelled by a mutiny of his Thracian mer- 21. An Egyptian, surnamed SYMPETESIS, who
cenaries to take refuge in the temple of Diana, was appointed by Ptolemy Euergetes II. to govern
where he was slain together with his mistress Cyrene during his absence, when he went to
Eirene. (Trog. Pomp. Prol. xxvi.; Athen. xiii. Rome in B. c. 162, to prefer his complaints in
p. 593,a.; Niebuhr, If1. Schrift. p. 268-271.) person against his brother Philometor. He sub12. Son of Chrysermus, an officer high in the sequently joined in the revolt of the Cyrenaeains
confidence of Ptolemy Philopator. He had been against Euergetes, and appears to have commanded
for some time on friendly terms with Cleomenes, the army with which they defeated him near the
whom he visited during his confinement; but acci- Catabathmus. (Polyb. xxxi. 26.)
dentally betrayed to the latter the true intentions of 22. Surnamed Caesarion, a son of C. Julius
the king of Egypt in regard to him, and thus gave Caesar and Cleopatra. [CAESARION.]
rise to his attempted insurrection. On the first 23. Surnamed PHILADELPHUS, a son of M. Anbreaking out of the tumult Ptolemy, having issued tony, the Triumvir, by Cleopatra. He was the
forth from the palace, was instantly attacked and youngest of their three children, and could thereput to death by three of the friends of Cleomenes, fore hardly have been born before B. C. 39. (Dion
B.C. 220. (Plut. Cleoam. 36, 37.) Cass. xlix. 32.) In B. C. 34, he was proclaimed by
13. Another person of the same name was go- his father king of Syria, including-Cilicia, and all the
vernor of the city of Alexandria at the time of the provinces west of the Euphrates (Dion Cass. xlix.
outbreak of Cleomenes, and having fallen in with 41; Plut. Aslt. 54). After the death of Antony,
the little band of Spartans, was dragged from his and the subjugation of Egypt, B. C. 30, his life was
chariot and put to death. (Polyb. v. 39; Plut. spared by Augustus, at the intercession of Juba and
Cleorz. 37.) Cleopatra, and he was brought up by Octavia with
14. A Macedonian officer of high rank in the
army of Philip V. during the Social War, who * This passage is referred by Schweighauser to
Joined with Leontius and Megaleas in promoting Ptolemy son of Agesarchus, to whomn it is certainly
the treasonable designs of Apelles, and was in not applicable.