A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PROCLUS. PROCLUS. 537
portions of it preserved by Photius (cod. 239), by Atticus (who succeeded Arsacius as patriarch of
treating of poetry and the lives of various cele- Constantinople), by whom he was invested succesbrated poets. The short life of Homer which passes sively with the orders of deacon and presbyter.
under the name of Proclus, was probably taken He was raised to the rank of bishop of Cyzicus by
from this work. 15.'E7rLXELp7IcaT'a 17' KaTd Xpra- Sisinnius, the successor of Atticus, but did not
~rLav,^,. The object of this work was to maintain exercise the functions of his office, the people of
the eternity of the universe against the Christian Cyzicus choosing another in his place. On the
doctrine on the subject. The work of Proclus has death of Sisinnius (A. D. 427) there was a general
not come down to us in a separate form, but we expression of feeling in favour of Proclus as his
still possess his arguments in the refutation of them successor, but Nestorius was appointed. Proclus
by Joannes Philoponus (de Aeternitate Mundi). contended zealously against the heresies which the
16. De Providentia et Fato, addressed to Theo- latter strove to introduce into the church, comdorus, a mechanician. 17. Decem Dubitationes bating them even in a sermon preached before
circa Providentiam (repI T'cl, BEiKa 7rpas'v rIpd- Nestorius himself. On the deposition of Nestorius,
votav 7nrop7 pxd'-wv). 18. De lfalorumn Subsistentia Proclus was again proposed as his successor; but
(rifpl Trs C iV KaKc6v vro'srcr'rFs). This and the his elevation was again opposed, though on what
two preceding treatises only exist in the Latin trans- grounds does not appear very clearly ascertained.
lation of Gulielmnus de Morbeka. They are printed But on the death of Maximianus, who was apentire by Fabricius, in his Bibliotheca Graeca, vol. pointed instead, Proclus was at last created
ix. p. 373, &c. 19. A little astrological treatise patriarch. In A. D. 438 Proclus gained a great
on the effect of eclipses, in a Latin translation. deal of honour by having the body of St.
20. A treatise on poetry, also in a Latin translation, Chrysostom brought to Constantinople. There
printed, together with a treatise by Choeroboscus is still extant a fragment of a Latin translation
(Paris, 1615). 21. Five hymns. 22. Some scholia of an eloge on St. Chrysostom, by Proclus, delion Homer. There is no complete edition of the vered probably about this time. It was in the
extant works of Proclus. The edition of Cousin time of Proclus that the custom of chanting the
(Paris, 6 vols. 8vo., 1820-1827) contains the trea- Trisagion was introduced into the church. While
tises on Providence and Fate, on the Ten Doubts in office, Proclus conducted himself with great
about Providence, and on the Nature of Evil, the prudence and mildness. For further details recommentary on the Alcibiades, and the commentary specting his ecclesiastical career, the reader is reon the Parmenides. There are English translations ferred to Tillemont's Minoires Ecclesiastiques (vol.
of the commentaries on the Timaeus, the six books xiv. pp. 704-718). His extant writings are enuon the Theology of Plato, the commentaries on the merated by Fabricius (B. G. vol. ix. pp. 505first book of Euclid, and the Theological Elements, 512). One of the most celebrated of his letters
and the five Hymns, by Thomas Taylor. (repl 7rfo'oews) was written in A. D. 435, when the
Besides the treatises already mentioned, the bishops of Armenia applied to him for his opinion
following have perished:-1. A commentary on on certain propositions which had been dissemithe Philebus of Plato (Procl. in Tim. p. 53, 222). nated in their dioceses, and were attributed to
2. A commentary on the Phaedrus of Plato (Procl. Theodorus of Mopsuestia. The discussion that
1. c. p. 329). 3. A defence of the Timaeus of ensued with respect to these propositions made a
Plato against the darLTp rfaels of Aristotle (1. c. p. considerable stir in the East.
226. BLoAiov 1'tSa EiK&cEoKcs o6an 7 rrpos'rib Proclus bestowed a great deal of pains upon
TIUaIov'Ap&TOTeEAeoUS dvrq3lAPPeoCW ZtMcK4tets his style, which is terse and sentefitious, but is
7rooeuivcnov). 4. KaOapruKcs rWv Io'yzUd'cv 70rov crowded with antitheses and rhetorical points, and
Idc-rwvos, against Domninus. (Suid. s. v. AoAiv- betrays a laboured endeavour to reiterate the same
ros.) 5. A commentary on the Theaetetus of sentiment in every possible variety of form. From
Plato. (Marinus, i. c. cap. ult.) 6. NMuoL, acom- the quotations of subsequent authors, it appears
mentary apparently on the Laws of Plato. (Procl. that several of the writings of Proclus are lost.
in Tim. p. 178). 7. Notes on the'EvvEdces of The Platonic Theology of Proclus Diadochus has
Plotinus. 8. Mnrrpwocm) 81'Aos, on the mother of sometimes been erroneously described as a theothe gods. (Suid. s. v. rIpocKA.) 9. Els r,})v'Op- logical work of St. Proclus. The 24th of
qc'ws eoAo-yiav. (Suid. 1. c.; Marinus, c. 27.) October is the day consecrated to the memory of
10. nIepl a Aoylta, in ten books. (Suid. Marin. c. St. Proclus by the Greek church. [C. P. M.]
26.) 11. A commentary on Homer. (Suid.) 12. PROCLUS (lnpoKAos), one of the eminent artists
IIepI T-' 7rap''O/ApCp Aeon. (Suid.) 13. Zvu- in mosaic who flourished in the Augustan age.
4pwvia'OpcpE'Ws, nUvOaTaypov KaIl nlAdrwvos. (Suid. His name occurs on two inscriptions found at PeMarin. c. 22.) 14. On the three vya'Es voIrTai, rinthus, from one of which we learn that he
namely, &kO7 a, icaXAovs, and'vtUAETpiLa. (Procl. adorned the temple of Fortune in that city, and that
in Polit. p. 433.) 15. ELs TrV Ayo'oY T-s AtoiT- the Alexandrian merchants, who frequented the
upas irep! T'S Ta' KaKcoY 67roa'deEWs. 16. rflpl city, erected a statue in honour of him. The second
dayoy-s, on the theurgic discipline, in two books. inscription is the epitaph of a mosaic artist, who is
(Suid.) 17. Various hymns and epigrams. (Fabric. said in it to have left a son, his associate andcequal
Bibl. Graec. vol. ix. pp. 363-445; Brucker, His- in the art; from which it would seem probable
toria Critica Plilosophiae, vol. ii. pp. 319-336; that both father and son were named Proclus. The
Tennemann, Geschichte der Phlilosophie, vol. vi.; second inscription, as restored, runs thus:Ritter, Geschichte der Plilosoplie, bk. xiii. c. 3. na'dvnS,,he 7reEei'XVIw,-'o-cwr r 7ra'TWV
vol. iv. p. 699, &c.) [C. P. M.] m ImPOas, oaeis naA o feva Fed rve,
/{T ose'as, lipots naXhdlios espdpevos,
PROCLUS (SAINT), was at a very early age va Ai7rcw,BoVAijs eE poV IIp'Xor iaTeX v,UO
appointed reader in the church at Constantinople. He d-y1cKOViT7-eIs T0IE TAIPoeo Aaxchv.
was also employed as secretary or amanuensis to St.
Chrysostom, and was employed in a similar capacity (B1ickh, Corp. Inscr. vol. ii. p. 68, n. 2024, 2025;