A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ORBILIUS. ORESTES. 41
ORBI'CIUS ('OptLKIos). In the Etymologicon evidently corrupt. Oudendorp proposed to read
MAIagnum (s. v. 2TpaTros) there is a short account of Paedagogus, and Ernesti Periautologos. (Suet. de
the names given to the various subdivisions of an Illustr. Gramrm. 9, 19; comp. 4.)
army, and to their respective commanders. It is O'RBIUS, P., a Roman jurist, and a contementitled'OpGCLKov Twv 7rEpi T'r o'rparTEvlu a TdtEWov, porary of Cicero. (Brut. 48.) [G. L.]
Orbicii de Exercituls Ordinibus, and occupies about ORBO'NA, a female Roman divinity, to whom
half or two-thirds of a column in the earlier folio an altar was erected at Rome, near the temple of
editions of the Etymologicon, Venice, 1499 and the Lares in the Via Sacra. She was invoked by
1549, and that of Fred. Sylburg, 1594. It is parents who had been deprived of their children.
extracted and given among the pieces at the end of and desired to have others, and also in dangerous
the Dictionarium Graecumn of Aldus and Asulanus, maladies of children. (Cic. de Nat. Deer. iii. 25;
fol. Venice, 1524, and at the end of the Dictionarium Plin. HI. N. ii. 7; Arnob. adv. Gent. iv. 7; Tertull.
Graecum of Sessa and De Ravanis, fol. Venice, ii. 14; P. Vict. Reg. Urb. x.) [L. S.]
1525. Of Orbicius nothing is known except that ORCHO'MENUS ('OpXt6evos). 1. A son of
he wrote (unless we suppose the passage to be in- Lycaon, and the reputed founder of the Arcadian
terpolated) before the compilation of the Etymolo- towns of Orchomenus and Methydrium. (Apollod.
gicon, which cannot be placed later than the twelfth iii. 8. ~ 1; Pans. viii. 3. ~ 1.)
century, when it is cited by Eustathius, the com- 2. A son of Athamas and Then;isto. (Hygin.
mlentator on Homer. [J. C. M.] Fab. 1; comp. ATHAMAS.)
ORBI'LIUS PUPILLUS, a Roman gramma- 3. A son of Zeus or Eteocles and Hesione, the
rian and schoolmaster, best known to us from his daughter of Danaus, was the husband of Herhaving been the teacher of Horace, who gives him mippe, the daughter of Boeotus, by whom he bethe epithet of playosus from the severe floggings came the father of Minyas. He is called a king of
which his pupils received when they were poring Orchomenus. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rh/od. i. 230;
over the crabbed verses of Livius Andronicus. Eustath. cad Horn. p. 272.) According to other
(Ieor. Ep. ii. 1. 71.) Orbilius was a native of traditions, he was a son (or a brother) of Minyas
Beneventum, and had from his earliest years paid (Paus. ix. 36. ~ 4) by Phanosura, the daughter of
considerable attention to the study of literature; Paeon. (Comp. iMiiller, Orchom. p. 135, 2d
but in consequence of the death of his parents, who edit.) [L. S.]
were both destroyed by their enemies on the same ORCHI'VIUS. [ORCIVIUS.]
day, he was left destitute, and in order to obtain a C. O'RCHIUS, tribune of the plebs in the third
living, first became an apparitor, or servant of the year after the consulship of Cato, B. C. 181, was
magistrates, and next served as a soldier in Mace- the author of a sumtuaria lex, limiting the number
donia. On returning to his native town he re- of guests to be present at entertainments. When
sumed his literary studies, and after teaching there attempts were afterwards made to repeal this law,
for a long while, he removed to Rome in the fiftieth Cato offered the strongest opposition, and delivered
year of his age, in the consulship of Cicero, B. c. 63. a speech in defence of the law, which is referred
-Iere he opened a school; but although he obtained to by the grammarians. (Macrob. Saturn. ii. 13;
a considerable reputation, his profits were small, Festus, s. vv. Obsonitavere, Percunctaturnm; Schol.
and he was obliged to live in his old age in a sorry Bob. in Cic. pro Sest. p. 310, ed. Orelli; Meyer,
garret. His want of success would not contribute Orat. Reom. Fragmena. p. 91, &c., 2nd ed.
to the improvement of his temper as he grew older, C. ORCI'VIUS, was a colleague of Cicero in the
and since he must have been upwards of sixty praetorship, B.c. 66, and presided over cases of
when Horace became his pupil, we can easily peculatus. He is called by Q. Cicero "civis ad
imagine that the young poet found him rather a ambitionem gratiosissinlus" (Cic. pro Cluenlt. 34,
crabbed and cross-grained master. His flogging 53; Q. Cic. de Pet. Cones. 5. ~ 19). The name is
propensities were recorded by other poets besides also written Orchlivius and Orcinnizs, but Orcivius
Horace, as for instance in the following line of Do- seems to be the correct reading. (See Orelli, Onoes.
mitius Marsus: — Tutlian. s. v.)
" Si quos Orbilius ferula scuticaque cecidit." ORCUS. [HADES.]
OREADES. [NYMPHAE.]
But Orbilius did not, like some schoolmasters, OREITHYIA ('OpLeOvla). 1. One of the
vent all his ill temper upon his pupils, and exhibit Nereides. (Hom. I1. xviii. 48.)
a bland deportment to the rest of the world. lIe 2. A daughter of Erechtheus and Praxithea.
attacked his rival grammarians in the bitterest Once as she had strayed beyond the river Ilissus
terms, and did not spare the most distinguished she was carried off by Boreas, by whom she bemen in the state, of which an instance is given by came the mother of Cleopatra, Chione, Zetes, and
Suetonius and Macrobius (ii. 6), though they differ Calais. (Apollod. iii. 15. ~ 1, &c.; Apollon. Rhod.
in the name of the Roman noble whom he made i. 215; comp. Plat. Phaedr. p. 194, ed. Heincl.
game of, the former calling him Varro Murena, and Schol. ad Odyss. xiv. 533.) [L. S.]
the latter Galba. Orbilius lived nearly a hutndred ORESAS, a PSthagorean. A fragment of his
years, but had lost his memory long before his writings is preserved in Stobaeus, Eclog. p. 105.
death. As he was fifty in a. c. 63, he must have (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. i. p. 860.) [C. P. AM.]
been born in B. C. 1 13, and have died shortly before ORESTES ('Operm71is), the only son of AgaB. c. 13. A statue was erected to him at Bene- memnon and Clytaemnestra, and brother of Chrysoventum in the Capitol. He left a son Orbilius, themis, Laodice (Electra), and Iphianassa (Iphiwho followed the profession of his father; and a geneia; Hoin. II. ix. 142, &c., 284; comp. Sopll.
slave and pupil of his, of the name of Scribonius, Elect. 154; Eurip. Or. 23). According to the
also attained some celebrity as a grammarian. Or- Homeric account, Agamemnon on his return from
bilius was the author of a work cited by Suetonius Troy did not see his son, but was murdered by
under the title of Perialoyos, but the name is Aegisthus and Clytaemnestra before he had an