A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

POMIPEIUS. POMPE.IUS. 489
father. IHe did not, however, remain long in but there is no reason to suppose that he ever had
Africa, but in the course of B. C. 47 set sail for his own portrait struck upon his coins. (Eckhel,
Spain, in order to secure that country for his vol. v. p. 282.)
party, and by means of his father's friends and 25. SEX. POMPEIUS i.MGNUS, the younger son
dependents, to raise troops which might assist the of the triumvir [No. 22] by his third wife Mucia,
aristocracy in Africa. But Cneius was some time was born B. c. 75, since he was forty at the time of
in reaching Spain; after making an unsuccessful his death in B. c. 35. (Appian, B. C. v. 144.)
attack upon the town of Ascurum in Mauritania, During the campaign of his father against Caesar
he took possession of some of the islands off the in Greece, Sextus was with his mother at MytiSpanish coast, and appears not to have landed on lene; and after the loss of the battle of Pharsalia
tihe mainlanld till B. C. 46. I-Ie had not been here in B. c. 48, he and his mother accompanied the
long before he was joined by his brother Sextus elder Pompey to Egypt, and saw him murdered
and others of his party, who had fled from Africa before their eyes. From thence they fled to
after their defeat at Thapsus. In a short time he Cyprus, and shortly afterwards joined Cn. Pompey
was at the head of thirteen legions. Caesar sent and Cato. Sextus remained in Africa, while his
his legate C. Didius against him, and towards the brother Cneius went to Spain; best after the battle
end of the year followed himself. The war was of Thapsus B. c. 46, which ruined all the hopes of
brought to a close by the battle of Munda, fought the Pompeians in Africa, Sextus quitted that counon the i 7th of March, B. c. 45, in which Caesar en- try, and repaired to his brother in Spain, together
tirely defeated the Pompeians. It was, however, with Labienus and others of their party. In Spain
the most bloody battle during the whole of the he kept possession of Corduba till the defeat of his
civil war: the Pompeians fought with the courage brother at the battle of Munda in March, B. c. 45.
of despair; they drove back at first Caesar's As soon as he heard of the loss of this battle, he fled
troops, and it was only by Caesar's throwing him- from Corduba, and lived for a time in concealment
self into the front line of the battle, and exposing in the country of the Lacetani, between the Iberus
his person like a common soldier, that they were and the Pyrenees. Here he supported himself by
led back again to the charge. Cneius himself robbery, and gradually collected a considerable
escaped with a severe wound, and fled to Carteia band of followers, with whom lie penetrated into
on the sea-coast. Here he embarked, and set sail the province of Baetica. The governor of the prowith a squadron of twenty ships; but having been vince, C. Carrinas, was unable to offer any effectual
obliged to put to land again in consequence of neg- opposition to him; he was generally supported by
lecting to provide himself with water, he was sur- the natives and the veterans of his father settled
prised by Didius, who had sailed from Gades with in the province; Carteia, and other towns, fell into
a fleet, his ships were destroyed, and he himself his hands. The death of Caesar still further
obliged to take refuge in the interior of the favoured his enterprises. Asinius Pollio, who
country. But he could not remain concealed; the had succeeded Carrinas in the government of the
troops sent in pursuit of him overtook him near province, did not possess much military talent, and
Lauron, and put him to death. His head was cut was on one occasion surprised and defeated by
off, and carried to Caesar, who had it exposed to Sextus. This victory gave Sextus the command of
public view in the town of Hispalis, that there might almost the whole of Baetica, and turned towards
be no doubt of his death. Cneius seems to have him the attention of the parties that were now
been by nature vehement and passionate; and the struggling for the supremacy at Rome. But as
misfortunes of his family rendered him cruel and none of them were yet prepared for open war,
suspicious. He burned to take vengeance on his Lepidus, who had the command of the Nearer
enemies, and Rome had nothing to expect from Spain and of Narbonese Gaul, was commissioned
him, if he had conquered, but a terrible and bloody to make terms with Sextus. The latter agreed to
proscription. (Caes. B. C. iii. 5, 40; Dion Cass. lay aside hostilities on condition of his being
xlii. 12, 56, xliii. 14, 28-40; Appian, B. C. allowed to return to Rome, and of receiving his
ii. 87, 103-105; Cic. ad Fam. vi. 18, xv. 19; patrimonial inheritance. These terms were assented
IHirt, B. Afi-. 22, 23; Auctor, B. ITisp. 1-39.) to, and the senate voted a large sum of money to
The annexed coin was probably struck by Cn. Sextus as an indemnification for that portion of
Pompey, when he was in Spain. It contains on his property which had been sold. So far matters
the obverse the head of his father with CN. MAGN. seemed quiet, but they did not long continue so.
IMP., and on the reverse a commander stepping out Antony and the aristocratical party soon came to
of a ship, and shaking hands with a woman, pro- an open rupture; Antony marched into Cisalpine
bably intended to represent Spain, with the legend Gaul to oppose Dec. Brutus, and the senate used
AM. MINAT. SABiN. PR. Q. Some writers suppose every effort to obtain assistance against Antony.
that this coin was struck by the triumvir himself, For this purpose they applied not only to Lepidus,
but also to Pompey, who had come to Massilia with
a fleet and an army in order to be nearer the
scene of action, and to determine what course he
should adopt. The senate, on the proposition of
Cicero, passed a laudatory decree in his honour, and
/A @ l0ES 1 \l llikewise appointed him to the command of the republican fleet: he did not, however, advance to the relief of Mutina, but remained inactive. Shortly after
this Octavian threw off the mask he had hitherto
worn, wrested the consulship from the senate in the
COIN OF CN. POIPEIUS, THE SON OF THE month of August (B. c. 43), and obtained the enactTRIUlMVIR. ment of the Lex Pedia, by which all the murderers of Caesar were outlawed. Pompey was in