A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PO LEMIUS. POLEMON. 433
a daughter of Aeolus or Aesopus, by whom he be- Christian festivals, is generally believed to halve
came the father of Ephippus and Leucippus. He been bishop of Martiginy, in the Valais. A portions
was the reputed founder of the town of Tanagra in of this Laterculus was published by Bollandus, in
Boeotia which was hence called Poemandria. When the general preface to the Acta Slnctorumz, vol. i.
Poemander inadvertently had killed his own son, pp. 44, 45, and the whole will be found, but in a
he was purified by Elephenor. (Paus. ix. 20. ~ 2; mutilated state, in the seventh volume of the same
Plut. Quaest. Graec. 70; comp. Strab. ix. p. 404; work, p. 178. (Mansi, ad Eabric. Bibl. Med. el
Lycophr. 326.) [L. S.] Infimz. Lat. vi.; Schtbnemann, Bibl. Patrume Lat.
POENA (rlole7), a personification of retaliation, vol. ii. ~ 50.) [W. R.]
is sometimes mentioned as one being, and some- POLEMOCLES (IloAe-o/oKi7s), a Rhodian, who
times in the plural. They belonged to the train of was despatched by his countrymen with three triDice, and are akin to the Erinnyes (Aeschyl. remes, to Byzantium, at the same time that they
Chloep/i. 936. 947; Paus. i. 43. ~ 7.) [L. S.] sent thither Aridices, with proposals of peace,
POE'NIUS PO'STUMUS, praefectus of the which were accepted by the Byzantines, and a
camp of the second legion in Britain during the treaty concluded in consequence, B. c. 220. He
war against Boadicea (Tac. Ann. xiv. 37.) was next sent to Crete to assist the Cnossians,
POETE'LIA GENS, plebeian (Dionys. x. 58), who were in alliance with Rhodes against the
first occurs at the time of the decemvirate. The Lyttians. (Polyb. iv. 52, 53.) [E. H. B.]
name is frequently confounded with that of Pe- POLEMO'CRATES (IloAe/AoKptc7ps ), a son of
tillins or Petilius [PETILLIA GENS.] The only Machaon, and, like his father, a skilful physician;
family-name in this gens is that of LIBO, which is he had a heroum at Eua in Argolis. (Paus. ii. 38.
usually found with the agnomen Visolus. Livy ~ 6.) [L. S.]
(vii. 11), it is true, says that C. Poetelius Balbus PO'LEMON (floAXecov), historical. 1. Son of
was consul B. C. 360 with M. Fabius Ambustus; Andromenes the Stymphaean, a Macedonian officer,
but as the Capitoline Fasti make C. Poetelils in the service of Alexander the Great. The great
Libo the colleague of Fabius, and Balbus does not intimacy which subsisted between him and Phioccur elsewhere as a cognomen of the Poetelii, the lotas caused him to be suspected, together with his
cognomen in Livy is probably either an error or brothers Amyntas, Attalus, and Simnmias, of para corruption. All the other Poetelii bear the sur- ticipating in the treasonable designs imputed to
name Libo with the exception of P. Poetelius, Philotas: a charge to which Polemnon had the
who was sent as one of the three ambassadors to imprudence to give countenance by taking to flight
Syphax in B. c. 210. (Liv. xxvii. 4.) immediately on learning the arrest of the son of
POGONA'TUS CONSTANTI'NUS. [CON- Parmenion. Amyntas, however, who remained,
STANTINUS IV.] having successfully defended himself before the
POLA, SE'RVIUS, one of Cicero's enemies, assembly of the army, obtained the pardon or
and described by him as " homo teter et ferns" acquittal of Polemon also. (Arr. Anab. iii. 27;
(Cic. ad Q. Fst. ii. 13, comp. ad Fam. viii. 12). Curt. vii. 1. ~ 10, 2. ~ 1-10.)
He is the same as the person called simply Servius 2. Son of MIegacles, a Macedonian of Pella,
in another passage (ad Q. Fr. ii. 6), and is sup- who was one of the officers appointed by Alexposed by Pighius to be the same as the Servius, ander to command the garrison at Memphis, B. c.
who was condemned in B. C. 51, when he was tri- 331. (Arr. Anab. iii. 5. ~ 4.)
bune of the plebs elect (ad Farm. viii. 4). 3. Son of Theramenes, a Macedonian officer,
POLEMARCHUS (IloXeuapxos). 1. The pupil who was left by Alexander in the command of a
of the celebrated astronomer Eudoxus, whose in- fleet of thirty trireilies which was destined to
structions he received in Cyzicus, his native place, guard the mouths of the Nile, and the sea-coast of
and the teacher of the more celebrated Calippus, Egypt, B. c. 331. (Arr. Anab. iii. 5. ~ 6; Curt.
who accompanied him to Athens (Simplicius, de iv. 8. ~ 4.)
Caelo, ii. p. 120, a.). He lived about the middle 4. A Macedonian officer of rank, who, in the
of the fourth century a. c. disputes that followed the death of Alexander,
2. Of Tarentum, and a follower of Pythagoras distinguished himself as a warm partizan of Per(Iamblich. Vit. Pyth.). Fabriciusconjectures (Bibl. diccas. In order to conciliate the favour of the
Graec. vol. i. p. 864) that he is the same with regent, he endeavoured, though ineffectually, to
Polyarchus, surnamed 3uvwraOs7s, who is men- prevent Arrhidaeus from transporting the body of
tioned by Athenaeus (xii. p. 545), as having been the deceased monarch to Egypt (Arrian, ap.'/sot.
sent by Dionysius the younger, on an embassy to p. 70, b.) He afterwards served under Alcetas,
Tarentum, where, being intimate with Archytas, the brother of Perdiccas, and was taken prisoner
he dilated to that philosopher on the excellency of by Antigonus ill Pisidia, together with Attalus
pleasure; his discourse being given by Athenaeus, and Docirous, B. C. 320. From this time lie shared
on the authority of Aristoxenus. But this seems the fortunes of Attalus; the history of their captian unhappy conjecture. The doctrines ascribed vity, escape, and filial defeat has been already
to Polyarchus are certainly not those of the school given. [ATTALUS, No. 2.] (Diod. xviii. 45, xix,
of Pythagoras; nor is it even hinted that hie was a 16.) It is highly probable, as suggested by Droynative of Tarentum. sen, that this Polemon is the same with the son of
3. A writer of this name is quoted by Athenaeus Andromenes (No. 1), and that he was consequently
(iv. p. 111, c.), whom, from his being named along a brother of Attalus, with whom we find him so
with Artemidorus and Heracleon, we should judge closely connected.
to be a grammarian. [W. M. G.] 5. A dynast of Olba in Cilicia, whose name apPOLE'MIUS, or SA'LVIUS, or SY'LVIUS, pears on the coins of that city, with the titles of
the author of a sacred calendar, drawn up A. D.'ApXiepes's and AvvdarTnS. As it is associated with
448, which is entitled Laterculus s. Index Dierurn that of M. Antony, there is little doubt that he is
Festorurn, and which includes Heathen as well as the same person who is mentioned by Appian (B. C.
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