A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PLATONIUS. PLAUTIANUS. 405
commenced in 1827 an elaborate edition of Plato, the characteristics of the old, the middle, and the
which is not yet quite completed. This is perhaps new comedy, especially the two first, and the
the best and most useful edition which has appeared. causes of the various points of difference. The
The edition of J. G. Baiter, J. C. Orelli, and A. remarks are brief, but judicious. [W. M. G.]
G. Winckelmann (one vol. 4to. Ziirich, 1839) de- PLATOR. i. The commander of Oreum for
serves especial mention for the accuracy of the text Philip, betrayed the town to the Romans, B. C.
and the beauty of the typography. 207 (Liv. xxviii. 6). He is probably the same
Of separate dialogues, or collections of dialogues, Plator whom Philip sent with some Illyrians,
the editions are almost endless. Those of the about the commencement of the Second Punic
Cratylus and Theaetetus, of the Euthyphro, Apo- war, to the assistance of the Cretans. (Polyb. iv.
logia, Crito, and Phaedo, of the Sophista, Politicus 55.)
and Parmenides, and of the Philebus and Sympo- 2. The brother of Gentius, the Illyrian king,
silm by Fischer; of the Lysis, Charmides, Hip- who is called Plator by Livy (xliv. 30), but Pleupias Major, and Phaedrus, of the Gorgias and ratus by Polybius. [PLEURATUS.]
Theaetetus, of the Cratylus, Euthydemus and Par- 3. Of Dyrrhacium, was slain by Piso, proconsul
menides, of the Phaedo, and of the Protagoras and in Macedonia, B. c. 57, although he had been hosSophistes by Heindorf (whose notes exhibit both pitably received in the house of Plator. (Cic. in
acuteness and sound judgment); of the Phaedo by Pison. 34, comp. de Ifarus. Resp. 16.)
Wyttenbach; of the Philebus, and of the Par- PLATORI'NUS, a cognomen of the Sulpicia
menides by Stallbaum (in the edition of the latter gens, which occurs only upon coins, one of which
of which the commentary of Proclus is incor- is annexed. The obverse represents the head of
porated), are most worthy of note. Of the trans- Augustus with the legend CAESAR AVGVSTVS, the
lations of Plato the most celebrated is the Latin reverse the head of M. Agrippa, with the legend
version of Marsilius Ficinus (Flor. 1483-1484, PLATORINVS IIIVIR. M. AGRIPPA (Eckhel, vol. v..
and frequently reprinted). It was in this version, p. 317.)
which was made from manuscripts, that the writings
of Plato first appeared in a printed form. The W
translation is so extremely close that it has almost /.
the authority of a Greek manuscript, and is of
great service in ascertaining varieties of reading.
This remark, however, does not apply to the later, / X..
altered editions of it, which were published subsequently to the appearance of the Greek text of
Plato. There is no good English translation of the
whole of Plato, that by Taylor being by no means COIN OF PLATORINUS.
accurate. The efforts of Floyer Sydenham were
much more successful, but he-translated only a few PLAU'TIA GENS, plebeian. The name is
of the pieces. There is a French translation by also written Plotius, just as we have both Clodius
V. Cousin. Schleiermacher's German translation is and Claudius. The first person of this gens who
incomparably the best, but is unfortunately incom- obtained the consulship was C. Plautius Proculus
plete. There is an Italian translation by Dardi in B. C. 358; and from that time down to the imBembo. The versions of separate dialogues in dif- perial period many of the Plautii held at different
ferent languages are too numerous to-be noticed. intervals the highest offices in the state. Under
We have space to notice only the following out of the republic we find the cognomens of DECIANUS,
the very numerous works written in illustration of HYPSAEUS, PROCULUS, SILVANUS, VENNO, VEPlato: -Platonis Dialogorum A4gusmenta Exposita NOX: and to these there were still further additions
et Illustrata, by Tiedemann (Bip. 1786); System in the time of the empire, a list of which is given
der Platonisclhen Philosophie, by Tennemann (4 vols. below. A few of the Plautii occur without any
8vo. Leipz. 1792-5); Initia Philosopliae Pla- surname; and of them an account is also given
tonicae, by P. G. Van Heusde (ed. ii. Lugd. Bat. below. Those persons whose names are usually
1842); Platons Leben und Schriften, by G. A. F. written Plotius are spoken of under this form.
Ast (Leipz. 1816); Geschichte und System der The only cognomens occurring on coins are HypPlatonischen Philosophie, by C. F. Hermann (Hei- saeus and Plancus; and the latter surname
delb. 1838); Platonis de Ideis, et Numneris Doctrina does not properly belong to the Plotii, but was
ex Aristotele illustrata, by F. A. Trendelenburg retained by Munatius Plancus after he had been
(Lips. 1826); Platonische Studien, by E. Zeller adopted by L. Plautius. [PLANCUS, No. 5.]
(Tubing. 1839). There are also numerous smaller PLAU'TIA URGULANILLA, the first wife
treatises by Bickh, C. F. Hermann, Stallbaum, &c., of the emperor Claudius, who divorced her on acwhich may be consulted with profit. Schleierma- count of her lewd conduct, and of her being suscher's introductions to some of the dialogues have pected of murder. She bore two children during
been translated and published in a separate form in her marriage, Drusus, who died at Pompeii in
English. [C. P. M.] A. D. 20 [DRusus, No. 23], and Claudia, whom
PLATO'NIUS (IlAarcvtos), a grammarian, of she had by a freedman of Claudius. and who was
whom all that we know is that a treatise bearing therefore exposed by command of the emperor.
his name is generally prefixed to the editions (Suet. Claud. 26, 27.)
of Aristophanes. It is entitled Ilepi 8tapopas PLAUTIA'NUS, L. (or C.) FU'LVIUS, an
KcwA/ev&C8v. The subject is the difference between African by birth, the fellow-townsman and probably a connection of Septimius Severus. He
volumes containing the various readings, and por- served as praefect of the praetorium under this
tions of the commentary of Proclus on theCratylus, emperor, who loaded him with honours and
edited by Boissonade. wealth, deferred to his opinion upon all important
D I 3