A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PISO. PISO. 371
bon seems to have fallen into the sable mistake.
('rebell. Pol. Gallien. duo, c. 3; Aurel. Vict. de STEMMA PISONUM.
Caes. xxxiii., Epit. xxxiii.; Tillemont, Histoire des. C. Calpurnins Piso,
Emnpereurs, not. vi.; Zonar. xii. 5.) [W. R.] praetor, B. C. 211.
PIRITHOUS [PEIRITHOUS.]
PISANDER. [PEISANDER.] I I
PI'SIAS or PEISIAS (neo-tas), an Athenian 2. C. Piso, 3. L. Piso,
sculptor, apparently of the Daedalian period, who cos. B. c. 180. B. C. 198.
made the wooden statue of Zeus Boulaeus, and Pisones with the Agnomen Caesoninus.
the statue of Apollo, which stood in the senate 4. L. Piso Caesoninus, cos. B. C. 148.
house of the Five Hundred at Athens. (Paus. i. 3.
~ 4. s. 5.) [P. S.] 5. L. Piso Caesoninus, cos. B. C. 112.
PISISTRATUS. [PsISSTRATUS.]
PISO, the name of the most distinguished 6. L. Piso Caesoninus, mar. Calventia.
family of the plebeian Calpurnia gens. This
name, like many other Roman cognomens, is 7. L. Piso Caesoninus, cos. B. C. 58.
connected with agriculture, the noblest and most
honourable pursuit of the ancient Romans: it
comes from the verb pisere or pinsere, and refers I.
to the pounding or grinding of corn. Thus the 8. L. Piso Caesoninus, Calpurnia,
author of the poem addressed to Piso, ascribed by COS. B. C. 15, m. the dictator
Wernsdorf to Saleius Bassus [BAssus], saysCaesar. [CAL
(16, 17): - I PURNIA, No. 2.1
Two sons to whom
"Claraqne Pisonis tulerit cognomina prima, Horace addressed
Humida callosa cum pinseret hordea dextra." his De Arte Po'tica.
Pisones with the Agnomen Fr;ugi.
(Comp. Plin. tI. N. xviii. 3.) Many of the 9. L. Piso Frugi, the annalist, cos. B. c. 133.
Pisones bore this cognomen alone, but others were I
distinguished by the surnames of Caesoninus and 10. L. Piso Frugi, pr. about B. C. 113.
Frugi respectively. The family first rose from
obscurity during the second Punic war, and from 11. L. Piso Frugi, pr. B. C. 74.
that time it became one of the most distinguished I
families in the Roman state. It preserved its 12. C. Piso Frugi, qu. B. C. 58,
celebrity under the empire, and during the first married Tullia, the daughcentury of the Christian era was second to the im- ter of Cicero.
perial family alone. The following stemma contains
a list of all the Pisones mentioned in history, and Psones without an Agnomen.
will serve as an index to the following account. 13. Cn. Piso, cos. B. u. 139.
Of most of them it is impossible to ascertain the 14. Q. Piso, cos. B. C. 135.
descent. 15. Piso, pr. about B. C. 1 35.
1. CALPURNIUS PIso, was taken prisoner at 16. Piso, about B. C. 104.
the battle of Cannae, B. C. 2L6, and is said to 17. C. Piso, cos. B. C. 67.
have been sent with two others to Rome to 18. M. Pupius Piso, cos. B. C. 61
negotiate the release of the prisoners, which 19. M. Piso, pr. B. C. 44.
proposition the senate refused to entertain. He 20. Cn. Piso, the conspirator, B. c. 66.
was praetor urbanus in B. C. 211, and on the 21. Cn. Piso, proqu. B. C. 67.
expiration of his year of office was sent as pro- I
praetor into Etruria B. C. 210. From thence he was 22. Cn. Piso, cos. B. C. 23.
commanded by the dictator, Q. Fulvius Flaccus, I
to take the command of the army at Capua; 23. Cn. Piso, cos. B. C. 7;
but next year (B. c. 209) the senate again en- married Plancina, died A. D. 20.
trusted Etruria to him. (Liv. xxii. 61, xxv. 41, l
xxvi. 10, 15, 21, 28, xxvii. 6, 7, 21.) Piso in [
his praetorship proposed to the senate, that the 24. L. Piso, cos. A. D. 17. 25. M. Piso.
Ludi Apollinares, which had been exhibited for I
the first time in the preceding year (B.C. 212), 26. L. Piso, cos. A. D. 57.
should be repeated, and should be celebrated in 27. L. Piso, cos. B. C. 1.
future annually. The senate passed a decree to 28. L. Piso, accused and
this effect. (Liv. xxvi. 23; Macrob. Sat. i. 13; died, A. D. 24.
29. L. Piso, pr. A. D. 25.
30. C. Piso, the conspirator
against Nero, A. D. 65.
Calpurnius Galerianus,
killed by Mucianus, A. D. 70.
31. Piso Licinianus,adopted
by Galba, A. D. 69.."~Do,,J~~~~~ ~32. Piso, A. J). 175.
33. Piso, one of the Thirty
COIN REFERRING TO C. PISO, PRAETOR B. C. 211. Tyrants, A. n. 260.
B'2