A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PHYLAS. PHYLLIS. 363
books; and it comes down to Ptolemaens who (Apollod. ii. 7. ~ 6; Holn. l. xvi. 180; comp.
was called Euergetes, and to the end of Bere- Dioed. iv. 36.) [L. S.]
nice, and as far as Cleomenes the Lacedaemo- PHYLES (,/UAas), of Halicarnassus, the son of
nian, against whom Antigonus made war." When Polygnotus, was a statuary, whose name has been
Suidas entitles it " the expedition of Pyrrhus, recently discovered by means of the inscriptions on
&c." he merely describes the first event in the the bases which originally supported two of his
work. The expedition of Pyrrhus into Pelo- works. One of these is at Astypaleia, and beponnesus was in B. C. 272; the death of Cleo- longed originally to a statue of bronze, which the
menes in B. c. 220: the work therefore embraced people of that place erected in honour of their fela period of fifty-two years. From some of the low-citizen, Polyeuctus, the son of Melesippus; the
fragments of the work which have been preserved other was found at Delos, and was the base of a
(e. g. Athen. viii. p. 334, a, xii. p. 539, b), it has statue erected in honour of a citizen of Rhodes.
been conjectured by some modern writers that (Biickh, Corp. lAscr. vol. ii. pp. 1039, 1098; R.
Phylarchus commenced at an earlier period, per- Rochette, Lettre a M. Schorn, p. 386.) [P. S.]
haps as early as the death of Alexander the Great; PHYLEUS (qvh'es), a son of Augeias, was
but since digressions on earlier events might easily expelled by his father from Ephyra, because he
have been introduced by Phylarchus, we are not gave his evidence in favour of Heracles. He then
warranted in rejecting the express testimony of emigrated to Dulichium (Hom. II. ii. 629, xv. 530,
Suidas. As far as we can judge from the frag- xxiii. 637.) By Ctimene or Timandra Phyleus
ments, the work gave the history not only of became the father of Meges, who is hence
Greece and Macedonia, but likewise of Aegypt, called Phyleides. (Eustath. ad Hons. p. 305;
Cyrene, and the other states of the time; and in Paus. v. 3. ~ 4; Apollod. ii. 5. ~ 5; Strab. x. p.
narrating the history of Greece, Phylarchus paid 459.) [L. S.]
particular attention to that of Cleomenes and the PHYLIDAS, or more poperly PHI'LIDAS
Lacedaemonians. The fragments are given in (4vx[aas, 4LAnaas), an Aetolian, was sent by Dorithe works of Lucht, Briickner, and MUller cited machus, in the winter of B. c. 219, or rather perhaps
below. early in the following year, to aid the Eleans
2. Tat Kaa' ToYv'ArL'oXor Kal Td', rleplya/utvi, against Philip V. of Macedon, in Triphylia. The
EsVuiv7, was probably a portion of the preceding king, however, made himself master successively
work, since the war between Eumenes I. and An- of Alipheira, Typaneae, Hypana, and Phigalea, and
tiochus Soter was hardly of sufficient importance Philidas, quite unable to check his progress, threw
to give rise to a separate history, and that between himself into Lepreum. But the inhabitants were
Eumenes II. and Antiochus the Great was subse- hostile to him, and, on Philip's approach, he was
quent to the time of Phylarchus. obliged to evacuate the town. Philip pursued him
3, 4.'E7arLTo/L uVOLIKI) 7repl rTjS To ALds slrL- with his light troops and captured all his baggage,
pavefas, was one work, although cited by Suidas but Philidas himself, with his forces, effected his
as two: the general title was'E7r1T-ot,vOBciA, and escape to Samicum. Philip, however, began to
that of the first part nrpl pris T-oU ALIs ZvTr- invest the place, and the besieged army capitulated
faveeas. on condition of being allowed to march out with
5. Ilpl eipTUpca'dWv, on which subject Epllorus their arms. (Polyb. iv. 77 —80.) [E. E.]
and Philochorus also wrote. PHY'LLIDAS (,PvsiAas), a Theban. was se6. rIapey&acoewv iVLiLa 0', which is corrupt, cretary to the polemarchs who held office under
since the word 7rapfe00ats is unknown. Spartan protection, after the seizure of the Cadmeia
7. "Ay(pea, not mentioned by Suidas, and only by Phoebidas, in B. c. 382. He was, however, a
by the Scholiast on Aelius Ari teides (p. 103, ed. secret enemy of the new government, and appears
Frommel), was probably a work on the more to have made interest for the office which he ocabstruse points of mythology, of which no written cupied with the view of aiding the cause of
account had ever been given. - freedom. Having been sent by his masters on
(Sevin, Recherches suc lea Vie et les Ouvraqes de some business to Athens, where the exiles had
P1hyl. in M1,m. (de'Alcademie des Inscriptions, taken refuge, he arranged with them the particulars
vol. viii. p. 118, &c.; Lucht, Phylarchl i Histori- of their intended enterprise against the tyrants,
arum Fragcn. Lips. 1836; BrUckner, Idem. and afterwards most effectually aided its execution
Vratisl. 1 838; Car. and Theod. Miiller, Fragyn. in B.C. 379. Thus, having especially ingratiated
Histor. Grace. pp. lxxvii. &c., 334, &c.; Voss. de himself with Archias and Philippus, of whose
list. Graec. p. 150, ed. Westermann; Droysen, pleasures he pretended to be the ready minister, he
Geschichte des Ilellenismus, vol. i. p. 683; Clinton, introduced, in the disguise of women, the conspiraF. IL. vol. iii. p. 519.) tors who despatched them; he gained admittance,
PHYLAS (4,uAas). 1. A king of the Dryopes, according to Xenophon, for Pelopidas and his two
was attacked and slain by Ileracles, because he companions to the house of LEONTIADES; and,
had violated the sanctuary of Delphi. By his before what had happened could be publicly known,
daughter Mideia, Heracles became the father of he effected, with two others, his entrance into the
Antiochus. (Pales. i. 5. ~ 2, iv. 34. ~ 6, x. 10. prison, under pretence of an order from the pole~ I; Diod. iv.;47.) nlarchs, and, having slain the jailor, released those
2. A son of Antiochtus, and grandson of HIera- who were confined there as enemies to the governcles and Mideia, was married to Deiphile, by ment. (Xen. lIell. v. 4. ~~ 2-8; Plut. l'elop.
whom he had twvo sons, Hippotas and Thero. 7, &c., de Gen. Soc. 4, 24, 26, 29, 32; Diod. xv.
(Paus. ii. 4. ~ 3, ix. 40. ~ 3; Apollod. ii. 8. 25.) [E. E.]
~ 3.) PHYLLIS (IAvhAxs), a daughter of king Sitbon,
3. A king of Ephyra in Thesprotia, and the in Thrace, fell in love with Demophon on his return
father of Polymele and Astyoche, by the latter of from Troy to Greece. Demophon promised her,
whom -leracles was the father of Tlepolemus. by a certain day. to come back from Athens and