A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

294 PHILISCUS. PHILISTION.
Naeke has clearly shown that this statement can vol. iii. p. 505, n.) Aelian has preserved a short
only refer to Philiscus the comic poet, and not to exhortation of Philiscus, addressed to Alexander
any other of the known persons of the same name. (V.. xv. i. l 1).
(Scid. C-rit. p. 26; Op0usc. vol. i. p. 42). 4. Of Corcyra, a distinguished tragic poet, and
There are very few fragments of Philiscus pre- one of the seven who formed the Tragic Pleiad,
served. Stobaeus (I. c.) quotes two verses from was also a priest of Dionysus, and in that characthe 4Pixdpyvpot, and elsewhere (xxix. 40), two ter he was present at the coronation procession of
from an unknown play. Another verse from an Ptolemy Philadelphus in B. c. 284. (Ath. v. p. 198,
unknown play is quoted by Dicaearchus ( it. c.) Pliny (II. NA. xxxv. 10. s. 36. ~ 20) states
Graec. p. 30, Buttmann); and another is preserved that his portrait was painted in the attitude of
in the Palatine Anthology (xi. 441, vol. i. p. 445, meditation by Protogenes, who is known to have
ed. Jacobs), which Jacobs wrongly ascribes to the been still alive in a. c. 304. It seems, therefore,
rhetorician of Miletus. (Meineke, Irag. Corn. that the time of Philiscus must be extended to an
Graec. vol. i. pp. 423, 424, vol. iii. pp. 579, 580; earlier period than that assigned to him by Suidas.
Naeke, 1. c.) who merely savs that he lived under Ptolemy Phila2. Of Miletus, an orator or rhetorician, was the delphus. He wrote 42 dramas, of which we know
disciple of Isocrates, having been previously a noted nothing, except that the Themnistoclss, which is
flute player (Suid. s. v.; Dionys. Halic. Ep. ad enumerated among the plays of Philiscus the comic
Anmn. p. 120). He wrote a life of the orator poet, ought probably to be ascribed to him: such
Lycurgus, and an epitaph on Lysias; the latter is subjects are known to have been chosen by the
preserved by the pseudo-Plutarch (Vit. X. Orat. tragedians, as in the Marathonians of Lycophron.
p. 836), and in the Greek Anthology (Brunck, The choriambic hexameter verse was named after
Anal. vol. i. p. 184; Jacobs, A4nih. Graec. vol. i. Philiscus, on account of his frequent use of it
p. 101, vol. xiii. p. 936). Remembering the con- (Hephaest. p. 53). There is much dispute whether
stant confusion of the names Philiscus and Philistzs, the name should be written ~4iAiotcos or'ihAKos,
we may safely ascribe to this orator the 8roi7wyopiat, but the former appears to be the true form, though
which Suidas mentions among the works of the he himself, for the sake of metre, used the latter.
historian Philistus of Syracuse. (Suid. s.. q. lhX-ros; (Naeke, Schedl. C}-it. pp. 18, &c., in Opuse. vol. i.
it is also to be observed that Suidas, in addition to pp. 29, &c.; WVelcker, Die Gs-iech. Trag. p.
his article cPiXlraros, gives a life of the Syracusan 1265.) [P. S.]
historian under the head of 4IXie-os A',4l\xTros, PIIILISCUS, artists. 1. A painter, of whom
comp. PHILISTUS). Suidas (s. v. TL/laaos) states we have no information, except the mention, by
that the historian Timaeus was a disciple of Phi- Pliny, of his picture of a painter's studio, with a
liscus of Miletus; another disciple was Neanthes boy blowing the fire. (H. N. xxxv. 11. s. 40. ~
of Cyzicus (Ruhnken, Hist. Crit. Orat. Gr-aec. 38.)
p. lxxxiii., Olusc. p. 367; Clinton, F. IH. vol. iii. 2. Of Rhodes, a sculptor, several of whose
p. 25). works were placed in the temple of Apollo, adjoin3. Of Aegina. It is doubtful whether there ing the portico of Octavia at Rome. One of these
was one or two cynic philosophers of this name statues was that of the god himself: the others
from Aegina. Suidas has two, of one of whom were Latona and Diana, the nine Muses, and
he says that he was, the disciple of Diogenes the another statue of Apollo, without drapery. Within
Cynic, or, according to Hermippus, of Stilpon, that the portico, in the temple of Juno, was a statue of
he was the teacher of Alexander in grammar, and Venus, by the same artist (Plin. II. N. xxxvi. 5.
that he wrote dialogues, one of which was entitled s. 4. ~ 10). From this statement it is evident
Ko3pos; of the other, Suidas says that, having that Philiscus made some of the statues expressly
gone from Aegina to Athens, in order to see the for the temples, but whether at the time of their
city, he heard Diogenes, and addicted himself to first erection by Metellus (B. C. 146), or of their
philosophy: and that his brother, having been sent restoration by Augustus more than a hundred years
by his father to Athens to fetch him home, also later, cannot be determined with certainty. Most
staid there, and became a philosopher; and lastly, of the writers on art place him at the earlier date;
the father himself, having gone to Athens in but at all events he belonged to that period of the
search of his sons, became infected with the philo- revival of art which, according to Pliny, began
sophical mania: the rest of the article refers to with the 155th Olympiad (B. c. 160), and which
Diogenes himself. The latter article is taken from extended down to the time of the Antonines;
Diogenes Laertius (vi. 75, 76), who mentions the during which period the Rhodian school sent forth
name of the father, Onesicritus, and who evidently several of the best statuaries and sculptors, and
only speaks of one cynic philosopher of the name Rome became a great seat of the arts. The group
of Philiscus (comp. vi. 73, 80, 84). This is, of Muses, found in the villa of Cassius at Tivoli,
therefore, very probably ohe of the many cases in is supposed by Visconti to be a copy of that of
which Suidas makes two articles out of the same Philiscus. Meyer takes the beautiful statue at
name, by copying statements from two different Florence, known as the Apollino, for the naked
authors. We do not see the force of Naeke's Apollo of Philiscus; it is engraved in Miiller's
argument (Sclsed. Crit. p. 25), that the Philiscus of Denkmsiiler d. altern iKunst, vol. ii. pl. xi. fig. 126.
whom the tale in Diogenes and Suidas is told, (Meyer, Kunstgeschichte, vol. iii. pp. 35, 120; Hirt,
could hardly, for chronological reasons, be the Gesch. d. bildl. Kiinste, p. 298; Miiller, Ar-chiaol. d.
same person as the teacher of Alexander. Some Kunst, ~~ 160. n. 2, 393, n. 2.) [P. S.]
ancient writers ascribed to Philiscus some, or even PHILISCUJS, P. ATI'LIUS, killed his own
all, of the tragedies of Diogenes the Cynic, probably daughter, because she had been guilty of fornithrough confounding him with the celebrated tragic cation. (Val. Max. vi. 1. ~ 6.)
poet of the same name. (Diog. La;irt. vi. 73; PHILI'STION (,LAusrTL'cov) of Nicaea or MagJulian. Orat. vi. vii.; Naeke, I. c.; Clinton, F;. H. nesia, a mimographer, who flourished in the time