A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PHILIPPUS. PH ILIPPUS. 289
parently misled by an error in the MS. used by early ages of the Church, was one to which some
him. (Fabric. Biil. Graec. vol. vii. p. 107; Cave, of the Gnostic sects appealed (Epiphan. Haeres.
Hist. Litt. ad ann. 192, vol. i. p. 87, ed. Oxford, xxvi. 13), and whllich they ascribed to Philip,
1740-1743.) whether to the Apostle Philip or the deacon Philip,
5. CARICARUM RFRumr SCRIPTOR. [No. 30.] who in one passage in the New Testament (Acts,
6. Of CHALCIS, aGreek historian mentioned by xxi. 8) is called the Evangelist, is not clear. A
Plutarch (Alex. Mag. Vita, c. 46) as one of the passage from this apocryphal gospel is cited by Epiwriters who regarded the story of the visit of the phanius (ibid.) Timotheus, the presbyter of Conqueen of the Amazons to Alexander the Great, as stantinople (apud Meursium, Varia Divina, p. 117),
a fable. and Leontius of Byzantium (D)e Sectis, act. s. lect.
7. CIOLInIDEUS, or CHOLLIDENSIS (Xo0l8Evs, iii.) mention To KcaTrad,Ara7rov Euayye'Aov,, Evanmore correctly XoXXAlSEs), mentioned in Plato's gelium secezndsum Philippuzm, as among the spurious
will, given by Diogenes Lahrtius (iii. 41), as the books used by the Manichaealls. Whether this
owner of land adjoining a farm or estate which was the same book with that used by the Gnostics,
Plato bequeathed to his sonw Adeimantius. Fa- is not determined. (Fabric. Cod. Apocryph. N. T.
bricius (Bibl. Graec. vol. iii. p. 181) notices this vol. i. p. 376, &c.)
occurrence of the name of Philippus: and the 12. Of GORTY'NA, a Christian writer of the secompiler of the index to Fabricius has unwittingly cond century. He vwas bishop of the Church at
converted the Attic landowner into a Platonic Gortyna in Crete, and was spoken of in the highest
philosopher. terms by Dionysius of Corinth [DIoNYSIUS, lite8. CoMsIcus, the COMIC WVRITER, of whom rary, No. 22], in a letter to the Church at Gortyna
scarcely anything is known, except it be the title and the other Churches in Crete (apud Euseb. H. If.
of some of his comedies, and even with respect to iv. 23), as having inspired his flock with manly
these there is considerable difficulty. Suidas (s. v.), courage, apparently during the persecution of Maron the authority of Athenaeus, ascribes to him a cus Aurelius. Philip wrote a book against Marcion
comedy entitled Kw3wvsaa'rat, but no such title is [MARcION], which was highly esteemed by the
found in the present text of Athenaeus; and it is ancients, but is now lost: Trithemius speaks of it
doubtful if that writer has mentioned Philip at all. as extant in his day, but his exactness as to
His name occurs, indeed, in one place (viii. p. 358, whether books were in existence or not is not
f.), according to the older editions, but the correct great. He also states that Philip wrote Ad Dives-sos
reading is Ephippus. Philip is among the comic Epistolae and Vatrii Tractatuzs, but these are not
poets from whom passages are given in the several mentioned by the Lancients. (Euseb. H. E. iv. 21,
collections of the Poetae Gnosmici Graeci; but only 23, 25; Hieron. De Viris Illustr. c. 30; Trithem.
one citation appears to be ascribed to him, said by De Scriptorib. Eccles. c. 19; Cave, iEst. Litt. ad
Grotius to be from a comedy entitled'OAvvOsalcos, ann. 172, vol. i. p. 74, ed. Oxford, 1740-1743.)
Olynthiaccus; but Grotius assigns the play not to 13. GRAMMATICUS S. RHETOR S. SOPHISTA.
Philippus, but to Philippides. There is consequently Suidas (s.. iv. AXr7ros coaz{Tnrs) ascribes to this
not one known drama to which the title of Philip writer a work on the aspirates, rlepl 7rvevuda'rwv, De
is clear and indisputable. Philip is probably Spiritibuzs, taken from Herodian, and arranged in
the -yeAXTo7roros b'i7r7ros, "the laughter-exciting alphabetical order: also a work rIepl auvaXolcpqs,
Philip" of Maximus Tyrius (Dissert. xxi. vol. i. De Synaloeplea. Nothing more is known of the
p. 402, ed. Reiske), and the ILAL7reros Kmw0,3dlao- works or the writer, who must have lived at a
IcaAos of Themistius (Paraplzras. Ar-istotelis Lib. L later period than Herodian [HERODIANus AELUS],
de Anzimna, c. 3, sub fin. p. 68, b. ed. Aldus, who belongs to the age of the Antonines.
Venice, 1533, or c. 19, in the Latin version of 14. ISANGELUS (O eioaeyeyAevsI), a writer cited
flermolaus Barbarus), who cites a saying of Dae- by Plutarch (Alex. Mleag. Vita, c. 46) as one of
dalus, one of his characters. (Suidas, 1. c.; Fabric. those who affirmed that the account of the visit of
Bibl. Graec. vol. i. pp. 728, 743, 747, 748, vol. ii. the queen of the Amazons to Alexander was a
p. 480.) fiction. It has been conjectured (vide Reiske,
9. DIncoNxus, the DEACON. [No. 11.] Not. ad t'lutarch. 1.c.) that o6 Esi-ay-yexvs is a
10. EPIGRsAMMATICUS. Among the writers corrupt reading, and that it should be o6 ea~whose Epigcranmolzta are inserted in the various yeAsevs. [No. 30.]
editions of the A4 thologia Graeca, or in other works, 15. MACEDO, the MACEDONIAN. An Ediare several who bear the name of Philip; as Philip greamesc ill the Anthologia Graeca (lib. iv. c. 11,
the Macedonian [No. 15], and Philip of Thessa- vol. ii. p. 232, ed. Brunck, vol. ii. p. 216, No.
lonica [see below]. There are two others: a lxxiv. ed. Jacobs) is ascribed by Fabricius to a
Philip whom Fabricius styles Junior, and assigns Philippus Macedo, Philip the Macedonian, supto the fifth or sixth century after Christ, of whom posed by him to have been a different person from
there is extant an Epigramenes in Amnores sibi arri- Philip of Thessalonica (see below), and to have
dentes CGnstantinopoli, which is assigned to Philip lived in the reign of Caligula, whose bridge at
of Thessalonica, among whose epigrams it is No. Puteoli has been thought to be referred to. But
lvii., in the editions of Brunck, vol. ii. p. 227, and Jacobs (A n4imadcvers. in loc.) considers the reference
Jacobs, vol. ii. p. 211; and a Philip called Byzan- to be to the Portus Julius formed by Agrippa in
tinus, whose Epigrrasnima in -lIerculens is given in Lake Lucrinus near Baiae, and places the Epithe ilM/thologiae of Natastlis Comes, libi. vii. pp. 691, grannsza among those of Philip of Thessalonica.
692, ed. sine loci not. 1653, and assigned to Philip 16. MEDMAEUS (6 MeGua-os), an astronomer of
of Thessalonica (No. li.) in the Anthologia of Medama or Medma in Magna Graecia (about
Brunck, vol. ii. pp. 225, 226, and Jacobs, vol. ii. 25 miles N. N. E. of Rhegium), and a disciple of
p. 209. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. iv. p. 491.) Plato, under whose direction he turned his atten11. EVNGELISTA, the EVANeG;LIST. Among tion to the mathematical sciences. His observatlhe spurious gospels which were produced in the I tions, which were made in the Peloponnesus and
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