A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PHILIPPUS. PHILIPPUS. 285
metrius had the effect of arousing the jealousy both Besides his two sons already mentioned, lie left
of Philip himself and of his eldest son, Perseus; a third son, named Philip (but whether legitimate
and from henceforth the disputes between the two or not we are not informed), who could have been
brothers embittered the declining years of the king born but a few years before the death of his
[DEMETRIUS, p. 966]. Many other causes com- father. [PHIL1PPUS, No. 25.] (In addition to
bined to the same effect; and the intrigues which the ancient authorities cited in the course of the
the Romans were perpetually carrying on among above narrative, the reign and character of Philip
his subjects and followers naturally aggravated the will be found fully discussed and examined by
suspicious and jealous turn which his temper had Schorn, Gesch. Griec/lenlands, Bonn, 1833; Flathe,
by this time assumed. He'was conscious of Gesc/. ]iacedoniens, vol. ii.; Thiriwall's Greece,
having alienated the affections of his own subjects vol. viii. chap. 63-66; and Brandstlitter, Gesch.
by many acts of injustice and cruelty, and he now des Aetolischen Bundes, Berlin, 1844.) [E. H. B.]
sought to diminish the number of the disaffected by
the barbarous expedient of putting to death the
children of all those whom he had previously sacrificed to his vengeance or suspicions (Liv. xxxix. X
53, xl. 3-5). But while he was thus rendering
himself the object of universal hatred at home, he -,
was unremitting in his preparations for the renewal
of the war with Rome. By way of disguising the
real object of his levies and armaments, which was, >
however, no secret for the Romans, he undertook
an expedition against the barbarian tribes of Paeonia and Maedica, and advanced as far as the COIN OF PHILIPPUS V. KING OF MACEDONIA.
highest ridge of Mount Haemus. It was during
this expedition that Perseus succeeded in effecting PHILIPPUS, MA'RCIUS. 1. Q. MARCIUS
the object for which he had been so long intriguing, Q. F. Q. N. PHILIPPUS, consul B. C. 281, with
and having by means of forged letters convinced L. Aemilius Barbula, had to carry on war with
the king of the guilt of Demetrius, induced him to the Etruscans, and had a tliumph on the 1st of
consent to the execution of the unhappy prince. April on account of his victory over them. In
But Philip was unable to stifle the feelings of grief B. C. 263 he was inagister equitum to the dictator
and remorse occasioned by this deed, and these Cn. Fulvius Maximus Centumalus (Fasti Capit.).
passions broke forth with renewed violence when 2. L. MaRCIUS Q. F. PHILIPPUS, the father of
he afterwards discovered the deceit that had been No. 3, formed a hospitable connection with Philip
practised upon him, anld learnt that his son had V., king of Macedonia (Liv. xlii. 38), though onI
been unjustly sacrificed to the jealousy of his elder what occasionisnotmentioned. This tact isalluded
brother. He believed himself to be haunted by
brother. He believed himself to be haunted by to in the annexed coin of the Marcia gens, which
the avenging spirit of Demetrius, and was medi-bears on the obverse the head of the Macedoniai
tating the punishment of Perseus for his perfidy, monarch and on the reverse L. PHILIPPVS, with a
by excluding him from the throne in favour of hi horseman gallopig, probably i reference to the
cousin Antigonus, the son of Echecrates, when he name.
himself fell sick at Amphipolis, more from the
effects of grief and remorse than any bodily ailment,
and died shortly after, imprecating curses in his
last moments upon the head of Perseus. His
death took place before the end of B. C. 179, in the
59th year of his age, after a reign of nearly 42 _
years (Liv. xl. 6, 16, 21-24, 54-556; Polyb.
xxiv. 7, 8; Euseb Arwm. p. 158; Dexippus ap.
Syncell. p. 508; Clinton, F. H. vol. ii. p. 243). One is disposed to think that this L. Marcius
The character of Philip may be suammed up in was the first person of the gens who obtained the
the remark of the impartial Polybius (x. 26) that surname of Philippus in consequence of his conthere are few monarchs of whom more good or nection with the king of Macedonia, and that the
more evil could justly be said. His naturally good Fasti erroneously give this cognomen to the consul
qualities were gradually eclipsed and overgrown by of B. C. 281.
evil tendencies, and he is a striking, though by no 3. Q. MARCIvs L. F. Q. N. PHILIPPUS, son of
means a solitary, example of a youth full of hopeful No. 2, was praetor B. C. 188, and obtained Sicily
promise degenerating by degrees into a gloomy and as his province. Two years afterwards, B. c. 186,
suspicious tyrant. Of his military and political he was consul with Sp. PostuIlius Albinus. These
abilities the history of his reign affords sufficient consuls were commanded by the senate to conduct
proof, notwithstanding occasional intervals of ap- the celebrated inquiry into the worship of Bacparent apathy and inaction for which it is difficult chus, which had been secretly introduced into Italy
to account. He was also a fluent and ready and been the occasion of much immorality and
speaker, and possessed a power of repartee which profanity. We accordingly find the name of Phihe loved to indulge in a manner not always con- lippus in the senatus consultum de Bacchanalibus,
sistent with kingly dignity (Polyb. xvii. 4; Liv. which has come down to us. After Philippus had
xxxii. 34, xxxvi. 14). In addition to the darker finished his share in these investigations, he set
stains of perfidy and cruelty, his private character out for Liguria, where he and his colleague had to
was disgraced by the most unbridled licentiousness, carry on war. Here, however, he was unsuccessas well as by habitual excesses in drinking. (Polyb. ful. In the country of the Apuani, he was surx. 26, xxy-i. 5; Liv, xxvii. 30.) prised by the enemy in a narrow pass, and lost