A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

220 PETRUS. PETRUS.
Dzatriba itself was the work of Peter, the title of of Nicon [NIcoN, literary, No. 3). The published
the citation being considered as applying to the fragments of Peter's works, with the exception of
whole treatise; but Cave and others have observed the passage in the Diatriba de Paschate, the Latin
that the Diatriba was written not before the latter citations in the Acta Concilii Chalcedon., and the
part of the sixth century. A Vatican MS. from fragments cited by Justinian, are given in the
which the text of the Bonn edition of the Chronicon fourth volume of Galland's Bibliothecac Patrum,
is taken, describes the work of Peter from which p. 91, &c. (Euseb. H. E. vii. 32, viii. 13, ix. 6,
the citation is taken, as addressed TplKeeV'rlc TrIL, cum notis Valesii; Athanasius, Apolog. contra
Cuidam Tricentio. 3. Hespl e o'ToT0S f3iXioy, Liber Arianos, c. 59; Epiphan. 1. c.; Concilia, 11. cc.;
de Divinitate s. Deitate. There is a citation from Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 301, vol. i. p. 160, ed.
this treatise in the Acta Concilii Ephesini; it occurs Oxford, 1740-1743; Tillemont, Mmnoires, vol.
in the A ctio prima, and a part of it is again cited v. p. 436, &c.; Fabric. Biblioth. Grace. vol. ix. p.
in the Defensio Cyrilli which is given in the sequel 316, &c.; Galland. Biblioth. Patrum, proleg. ad
(pars iii. c. 2) of the Acta. Three citations in vol. iv. c. 6.)
Latin, one of them a version of the passage in the 2. Of ALEXANDRIA (2), was presbyter of the
Defensio Cyrilli, are given in the Acta Concilii Church at Alexandria during the life-time of AthaChalcedon. Actio prima. (Concilia, vol. iii. col. nasius, whom he accompanied for many years in
508, 836, vol. iv. col. 286, ed. Labbe, vol. i. col. his wanderings and shared his dangers. Athanasius
1399, vol. ii. col. 241, ed. Hardouin.) 4. nEpl rijs before his death had nominated Peter as his sucFrs7Amluas'ro6 Xp-7reov, Homilia de Adventu cessor, and after his decease his appointment was
Salvatoris s. C/hristi. A short citation from this carried into effect with the great applause of the
occurs in the Latin version of the work of Leontius orthodox part of the Alexandrian populace and with
of Byzantium [LEONTIUS, literary, No. 5], Contra the approval of the neighbouring bishops, A. D. 373.
Nestorianos et Eutyc/hianos, lib. i. (apud Galland. But the Arians, then in the ascendant under the
Biblioth. Patrum, vol. xii. p. 669). A fragment emperor Valens, though they had, from reverence
in the original is given in a part of the Greek text or fear, conceded the quiet possession of the see to
of Leontius published by Mai in his Scriptorum the age and authority of Athanasius [ATHANAVTet. Nova Collectio, vol. vii. p. 134, 4to. Romae, sIvs], were by no means disposed to acquiesce in
1833. 5, 6. Two fragments, one described, EK the appointment of an orthodox successor; and
roil wrpCSvo ho',yov I7rpl ro70- Ai 7rpouvra'pXEty Peter was at once deposed, and, according to
1r)v iupXI)v, I.73e dilcapTic-'raav' io-ro Frs Ta' Socrates and Sozomen, imprisoned by the officers
aicua c h7AO7ivat, Ex prinmo Seramone, de eo quod nec of the emperor. Tillemont and Galland, however,
praeezstitst Anihna, nec cum peccasset propterea doubt if he was imprisoned. At any rate he soon
in COpiUS missa est, the other as, Eic irs uvon- made his escape, and, getting on board ship, fled to
-ra.ycoyleas is'rronlraaTo 7rpos irv ecTEKcagla,, Rome, where he was kindly received by the pope.4AXWToi-dv ToU j!apqrvpiov aE'-pavov dvaseXeoOai, Damasus I., leaving his Arian competitor Lucius
Ex Mystapogia quam fect ad Ecclesiam cum [LuciTJs, No. 2] in possession of the churches of
Mlarlyrii Coronam suscepturus esset, are cited by Alexandria. On the departure of Valens from
the emperor Justinian, in his Epistola (s. Tractatus) Antioch (A. D. 378) to his fatal war with the Goths,
ad Mfennam CPoliltanum adversus Origenem, given Peter, who had returned from Rome with letters
in the Acta Concilia CPolitanill. s. Oecumenici V. from Damasus, confirming his title to the see, re( Concilia, vol. v. col. 652, ed. Labbe, vol. iii. col. covered possession of the churches by favour of the
256, 257, ed. Hardouin.) Another fragment of populace, who expelled Lucius, and compelled him
the same discourse is contained in the compilation to flee to Constantinople. Peter, however, survived
Aeontii et Joannis Reroum Sacrarums Lib. II. pub- his restoration only for a short time, dying a. D.
lished by Mai in the above cited Collectio, vol. vii. 381, and being succeeded in his bishopric by his
p. 85. 7. Epistola S. Petri Episcopi ad Ecclesiasms own brother Timotheus or Timothy. Valesins
Alexandrinam, noticing some irregular proceedings (Not. ad Sozomen. H. E. vii. 9) describes Peter as
of the schismatic Meletius. This letter, which is the abettor of Maximus the Cynic [MAXIMUS
very short, was published in a Latin version by ALEXANDRINUS] in his usurpation of the see of
Scipio Maffei, in the third volume of his Obser- Constantinople, but Theodoret (H. E. v. 8) ascribes
vazione Letterarie (6 vols. 12mo. Veronae 1737- the transaction to Timotheus. (Socrates, H. E.
1740). 8. AsaeKtaAha, Doctrina. A fragment of iv. 20-22, 37; Sozomen, IL. E. vi. 19, 39
this work is cited by Leontius and Joannes, and Theodoret, H. E. iv. 20-22.)
was published by Mai (ibid. p. 96). We have Peter was held in the highest esteem by his conno certain information of any other works of temporaries. Gregory Nazianzen unites him in the
Peter. A fragment of one of his works, of same eulogy with St. Athanasius; ard the emperor
which the title is not given, is cited by the Theodosius the Great, in one of his laws, refers to
emperor Justinian in his Tractalus contra ]IJono- the faith preached by him as the standard of orthophysitas, published by Mai in the Collectio already doxy. (Tillemont, Mim. vol. vi. p. 580, &c.) Two
cited, vol. vii. pp. 306, 307. The Epistola de Lapsis productions of Peter have been preserved in part:Temspore Persecutionsis, in the Bodleian library 1.'E7rstreA) s. rpdutaa-eTa, Epistola, a letter sent
(Codd. Baroccian. No. clviii.; see Catalog. MStorum by him, after his escape from Alexandria, to all the
Angliae et Iibern.), is probably the same as the churches, giving an account of the persecutions and
Canones; and a fragment from an Epistola ad other atrocities perpetrated by Lucius and the
Epictetum, extant ill a MS. in the library of St. Arian party. Theodoret has given a large extract,
Mark at Venice, is probably not from Peter but probably the chief part of this, in the original
from Athanasius. Some passages (quaedam loca) Greek (H. E. iv. 22). 2. Epistola ad Episcopos
from the writings of Peter are given in the Ilavec'c- et Presbyteros atqzue Diaconos pro vera Fide in exTrls i TV i EP/clLeV CY rWv Etcv vToA oiv ioO Kupiov, silio constitltos, s. adl Episcopos, Presbyteros, al/qe
Pandecta de Interopretatione IHlandcatortmn Divinorsuis, Diaconos qui sutb VTalente Imnperatore Diocaesacreaml