A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PEPAGOMENUS. ~ PERDICCAS. 185
Achilles himself buried it on the banks of the Paris, 1567, fol.; and the Greek and Latin text
Xanthus. (Tzetz. ad Lye. I. c.; Dict. Cret. iv. 3.; in the tenth volume of Chartier's Hippocrates and
Tryphiod. 37.) Some, further, state that she was Galen.
not killed by Achilles, but by his son Pyrrhus Fabricius'(Bibl. Graec. vol. iii. p. 531, ed. vet.)
(Dar. Phryg. 36), or that she first slew Achilles, conjectures that Demetrius Pepagomenus may be
and Zeus on the request of Thetis having recalled the author of the little treatise, ITEp!i rAs r'~y y'
Achilles to life, she was then killed by him. NEippos rlaOuv AsayY'e'ocwzs Kal Oepacreas, De
(Eustath. ad Iorom. p. 1696.) [L. S.] Renum A.fectuum Dignotione et Curatione, which is
PENTHEUS (IIfelEs), a son of Echion and wrongly attributed to Galen [GALEN, p. 215. ~
Agave, the daughter of Cadmus. (Eurip. Phoen. 97], but there seems to be no sufficient ground for
iv. 942; Paus. ix. 5. ~ 2.) He was the successor this opinion. Demetrius Pepagomenus is perhaps
of Cadmus as king of Thebes, and being opposed the author of two other short Greek works, the
to the introduction of the worship of Dionysus in one entitled'Iepatcooo'(po,, 4 7r'epl TrjS,rcTV'Iepahis kingdom, he was torn to pieces by his own Kwv'Avarpopi7s'r Kai'E7rqzAeAias, Hieracosomother and two other Mainades, Ino andAutonoe, phium, sive de Accipitrum Educatione et Curatione,
who in their Bacchic frenzy believed him to be a the other KvvoTqsoivo, 7rrepl KvvCb'EmlrseAeaS,
wild beast. (Ov. A/let. iii. 513, &c.; Eurip. Bacch. Cynosophiumn, sive de Cranum Curatione; which are
1215; Philost. Imay. i. 1; Apollod. iii. 5. ~ 2; to be found in the collection of " Rei Accipitrariae
Itygin. Fab. 184; Serv. ad Aen. iv. 469; Nonnus, Scriptores," published by Nic. Rigaltius, Greek
Dionys. xlv. 46; Oppian, Cyneg. iv. 289.) The and Latin, Paris, 1612, 4to. and elsewhere. The
place where Pentheus suffered death, is said to treatise De Canum Cusratione is sometimes attributed
have been Mount Cithaeron, but according to some to Phaemon. (Choulant, Handb. der BUiicerkunde
it wag Mount Parnassus. Pentheus is said to fair die Aeltere AIVedicin; Haller, Bibl. Medic.
have got upon a tree, for the purpose of witnessing Pract. vol. i.; Fabric. Bibl. Graec.) [W. A. G.]
in secret the revelry of the Bacchic women, but on PEPAGO'MENUS, NICOLA'US (NKucoaos
being discovered by them, he was torn to pieces. Ile7rayoueYos), wrote a eulogium on the martyr
(Eurip. Baccsh. 816, 954, 1061, &c.; Theocrit. Isidorus, of which a part is given by Allatius, ad
xxvi. 10.) According to a Corinthian tradition, Eustatcliunm Antiocken. p. 69. It is said that other
the women were afterwards commanded by an writings of his are to be found in the public libraries
oracle to find out that tree, and to worship it like of Paris. As he was a correspondent of Nicephorus
the god Dionysus himself; and out of the tree Gregoras; he mnust have lived about A.D. 1340.
two carved images of the god were made accord- (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. vii. p. 649, vol. x. p. 265,
ingly. (Paus. ii. 2. ~ 6.) [L. S.] vol. xi. p. 293). [W. M. G.]
PE'NTHILUS (flYOeOAos), a son of Orestes PEPHRE'DO or PEMPHRAEDO (IlecppnoW
and Erigone, is said to have led a colony of Aeo- or nleiuppg?73W), a daughter of Phorcys, and one of
lians to Thrace. He was the father of Echelatus the Graeae. (Hes. Tl/eog. 273; Apollod. ii. 4. ~ 2;
and Damasias. (Paus. ii. 18. ~ 5, iii. 2. ~ 1, v. 4, Tzetz. ad Lyc. 838; Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iv.
~ 2, vii. 6. ~ 2; Tzetz. ad Lye. 1374; Strab. xiii. 1515; Zenob. i. 41.) [L. S.]
p. 582; Aristot. Polit. v. 8, 13.) PEPONILA. [SABINUS, JULIUS.]
There was also a son of Periclymenus of this PEPRO'MENE (lcEIrpucsie'v), namely,uospa,
name. (Paus. ii. 18. ~ 7.) [L. S.] that is, the share destined by fate, occurs also as a
PE'NULA, M. CENTE'NIUS. [CENTE- proper name in the same sense as Moira or Fate.
N]US. (Paus. viii. 21. ~ 2; Hom. II. iii. 309.) [L.S.]
PEPAEPIRIS (IIforan7rpis), a queen of Bos- PERA, the name of a family of the Junia gens.
porus, known only from her coins, from which it 1. D. JUNIUS D. F. D. N. PERA, was consul
appears that she was the wife of Sauromates I. B. c. 266, with N. Fabius Pictor, and triumphed
(Eckhel, Doctr. Numor. vol. ii. p. 375.) [SAURO- twice in this year, the first time over the Sassinates,
MATES.] [E. H. B.] and the second time over the Sallentini and MesPEPAGO'MENUS, DEME'TRIUS (Aesal- sapii. He was censor in B. c. 253, with L. Pos~rpios fIerayo'aevos), a Greek medical writer, who tumius Megellus. (Fasti Capit.)
is supposed to have lived towards the end of the 2. M. JUNIus D. F. D. N. PERA, son of the
thirteenth century after Christ, and to have de- preceding, was consul B. c. 230 with M. Aemilius
dicated one of his works to the emperor Michael Barbula, censor B. C. 225 with C. Claudius Centho,
Palaeologus, A. D. 1260-1282. He is the author and dictator B. c. 216 after the fatal battle of
of a treatise, fIIepl folaypas, De Podagra, which Cannae. In order to raise soldiers he armed not
has been attributed by some persons to Michael only slaves, but even criminals. (Fasti Capit.;
Psellus (Leo Allatius, De Psellis, ~ 52, ap. Fabric. Liv. xxii. 57, 59, xxiii. 14.)
Bibl. Graec. vol. v. ed. vet.). It consists of forty-five PERAETHUS (IIepaslos), a son of Lycaon,
short chapters, besides the preface and conclusion, from whom the town of Peraetheis in Arcadia was
and, though principally compiled from former believed to have derived its name. (Paus. viii.
writers, is curious and interesting. A good ana- 3. ~ 1, 27. ~ 3.) [L. S.]
lysis of its contents is given by Mr. Adams, in his PERCE'NNIUS, a common soldier, and precommentary on Paulus Aegineta (iii. 78). It was viously employed in the theatres to hiss or applaud,
first published without the author's name, in a as the case might be, was the ringleader in the
Latin translation by Marcus Masurus, Rom. 1517, formidable mutiny of the Pannonian legions, which
8vo.; and afterwards in Greek and Latin, Paris, broke out at the beginning of the reign of Tiberius,
1558, 8vo. The last and best edition is by J. S. A. D. 14. He was killed by order of Drusus
Bernard, Greek and Latin, Ludg. Bat. 1743, 8vo., shortly after his arrival in the camp. (Tac. Ann. i.
sometimes found with a new title page, Arnhem. 16, 17, 28, 29.)
1753. The Latin translation by Masurus is in- PERDICCAS (IfepsicKas). 1. Son of Orontes,
serted in H. Stephani Medicae Artis Pr-incipes, a Macedonian of the province of Orestis, was