A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PELASGUS. PELEUS. 177
cltengeschictle, vol. xiv.; Neander, Kirchenyeschichte, 3. In Thessaly, Pelasgus was described as the
vol. ii.; Schinemann. Bibl. Patrun. Latinorum, father of Chlorus. and as the grandfather of Haevol. ii. ~ 7; Biihr, Geschichte der Rins. Litterat. mon, or as the father of Haemon, and as the grandSuppl. Band. 2te Abtheil. ~~ 136-138. See also father of Thessalus (Steph. Byz. s. v. Alpovra;
the Dissertations of Wiggers and Geffken, &c., re- Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iii. 1089; Dionys. Hal.
ferred to at the end of the article CAssIANUS. A i. 17), or again as a son of Poseidon and Larissa,
translation of the work by Wiggers, " Versuch einer and as the founder of the Thessalian Argos.
Pragmatischen Darstellung des Augustinismus und (Dionys. 1. c.; Eustath. ad Hornm. p. 321; comp.
Pelagianismus, &c." by Professor Emerson, was Clinton, Fast. IHell. vol. i. p. 9, &c.) [L. S.]
published at New York, 8vo. 1840.) [W. R.] PELEIDES, PELIDES (n7kE1X87s,/, rlXeILw,),
PELA'GIUS PATRI'CIUS. [PATRICIUS, a patronymic from Peleus, by which his son
No. 5.] Achilles is frequently designated. (Hom. 11. i.
PE'LAGON (IIeXaDywv). 1. A son of Asopus 146, 188, 197, 277; Ov. Met. xii. 605.) [L. S.]
and Metope (iii. 12. ~ 6; Diod. iv. 72, who, PELETHRO'NIUS, the reputed inventor of
however, calls him Pelasgus). the bridle and saddle for horses. (Plin. Hist.
2. A son of Amphidamas of Phocis. (Apollod. Nat. vii. 56; Hygin. Fab. 274.) [L. S.]
iii. 4. ~ 1; Paus. ix. 12. ~ 1; Schol. ad Eurip. PELEUS (riAvEUs), a son of Aeacus and EnPhoen. 938.) deis, was king of the Myrmidons at Phthia in
3. A Lycian and companion of Sarpedon, is Thessaly. (Hom. II. xxiv. 535.) He was a
mentioned among the Calydonian hunters. (Hom. brother of Telamon,. and step-brother of Phocus,
li. v. 695; Ov. AMet. viii. 300, &c.) the son of Aeacus, by the Nereid Psamathe.
4. One of the suitors of Hippodameia. (Paus. (Comp. Hom. II. xvi. 15, xxi. 189; Ov. Met. vii.
vi. 21. ~ 7; Eustath. ad Horn. p. 1228.) 477, xii. 365; Apollon. Rhod. ii. 869, iv. 853;
5. A Pylian. (Hom. II. iv. 295.) [L. S.] Orph. Argon. 130.) According to some, Telamon
PELA/GO'NIUS (IIXaycrvLos), a writer on ve- was not a brother, but only a friend of Peleus.
terinary surgery, of whose works a few fragments (Apollod. iii. 12. ~ 6.) Peleus and Telamon reonly remain, which are to be found in the collection solved to get rid of their step-brother Phocus,
of writers on that subject, first published in Latin because he excelled them in their military games,
by J. Ruellius, Paris, 1530, fol., and afterwards in and Telamoin killed him with a disk which he
Greek,by S.Grynaeus,Basil. 1537,4to. [W.A.G.] threw at him. The two brothers concealed their
PELARGE (rIeAapyi), the daughter of Pot- crime by removing the body of Phocus, but were
neus, and wife of Isthmiades, was said to have nevertheless found out, and expelled by Aeacus
instituted the orgies of the Boeotian Cabeiri. from Aegina. (Apollod. iii. 12. ~ 6; comp.
(Paus. ix. 25. ~ 6; comp. CABEInRI.) [L. S.] Horat. ad Pison. 96.) According to some, Peleus
PELASGA or PELASGIS (IIsaa['is), i. e. murdered Phocus (Diod. iv. 72; comp. Paus. ii.
the Pelasgian (woman or goddess), occurs as a 29. ~ 7, x. 30. ~ 2), while others combine the two
surname of the Thessalian Hera (Apollon. Rhod. statements by saying that Peleus threw down
i. 14, with the Schol.; Propert. ii. 28. 11), and of Phocus with a disk, while Telamon despatched
Demeter, who, under this name, had a temple at him with his sword. (Tzetz. ad Lyc. 175.) After
Argos, and was believed to have derived the sur- being exiled from Aegina, Peleus went to Phthia
name from Pelasgus, the son of Triopas, who had in Thessaly, where he was purified from the murfounded her sanctuary. (Paus. ii. 22. ~ 2.) [L. S.] der by Eurytion, the son of Actor, married his
PELASGUS (rIeAa-yo's), the mythical an- daughter Antigone, and received with her a third
cestor of the Pelasgians, the earliest inhabitants of of Eurytion's kingdom. (Hom. II. xvi. 175;
Greece who established the worship of the Dodo- Apollod. iii. 13. ~ 1.) Others relate that he went
naean Zeus, Hephaestus, the Cabeiri, and other to Ceyx at Trachis (Ov. Alet. xi. 266, &c); and
divinities that belong to the earliest inhabitants of as he had come to Thessaly without companions,
the country. In the different parts of the country he prayed to Zeus for an army, and the god, to
once occupied by Pelasgians, there existed dif- please Peleus, metamorphosed the ants (vsptcqies)s)
ferent traditions as to the origin and connection of into men, who were accordingly called Myrmidons.
Pelasgus. 1. According to the Arcadian tradi- (Tzetz. ad Lye. 175.) By Antigone, Peleus is
tion, he was either an Autochthon (Paus. ii. 14. said to have become the father of Polydora and
~ 3, viii. 1. ~ 2; Hes. ap. Apollod. ii. 1. ~ 1), or Achilles. (Eustath. ad Horn. p. 321.) Peleus
a son of Zeus by Niobe; and the Oceanide Meli- accompanied Eurytion to the Calydonian hunt,
boea, the nymph Cyllene, or Deianeira, became by and involuntarily killed him with his spear, in
him the mother of Lycaon. (Apollod. I. c., iii. 8. consequence of which he fled from Phthia to Iol~ I; Hygin. Fab. 225; Dionys. Hal. i. 11, 13.) cus, where he was again purified by Acastus.
According to others, again, Pelasgus was a son of (Apollod. iii. 12. ~ 2; comp. Ov. Fast. ii. 39,
Arestor, and grandson of Iasus, and immigrated &c.) According to others (Tzet. ad Lye. 175,
into Arcadia, where he founded the town of Par- 901), Peleus slew Actor, the son of Acastus. At
rhasia. (Schol. ad Eurip. Orest. 1642; Steph. the funeral games of Pelias, Peleus contended with
Byz. s. v. IHapijaacriL.) Atalante, but was conquered (Apollod. iii. 9. ~ 2),
2. In Argos, Pelasgus was believed to have been whereas, according to Hyginus (Fab. 273) he
a son of Triopas and Sois, and a brother of Iasus, gained the prize in wrestling. During his stay at
Agenor, and Xanthus, or a son of Phoroneus, and lolcus, Astydameia, the wife of Acastus, fell in
to have founded the city of Argos in Peloponnesus, love with him, and made proposals to him, which
to have taught the people agriculture, and to have he rejected. In order to take vengeance on him,
received Demeter, on her wanderings, at Argos, she sent a message to his wife at Phthia, that he
where his tomb was shown in later times. (Paus. was on the point of marrying Sterope, the daughter
i. 14. ~ 2, ii. 22. ~ 2; Schol. ad Eurip. Orest. of Acastus. On receiving this information, the
920; Eustath.ad Homrn. p. 385; comp. PELASGA.) wife of Peleus hung herself. Astydameia further
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