A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

168 PE1SANDER. PEISISTRATIDAE.
~~ 10, &c; Plut. Ages. 10; Paus. iii. 9; Diod. Jupiter and Juno. But it seems clear that'HpaFpt
xiv. 83; Corn. Nep. Con. 4; Just. vi. 3). Dio- Kal is the right reading, and the work probably
dorus improperly calls him Periarchus. [E. E.] treated of the marriages of gods and goddesses
PEISANDER (lafaavdpos), literary. 1. A with mortals, and of the heroic progeny thus propoet of Cameirus, in Rhodes. The names of his duced. It would seem to have been a very volnparents were Peison and Aristaechma, and he had minous performance, if we adopt the extremely
a sister called Diocleia; but beyond these barren probable alteration of 4' for 4 in Suidas, and so
facts we know nothing of his life or circumstances. consider it as consisting of sixty books (Suid. s. v.
Ile appears to have flourished about the 33d Olym-'Ayd0vp6oi; Steph. Byz. s. vv.'Aydauvpool,'A7re'vpiad (B. c. 648-645), though, according to some, vion, "Aaoaros, Bocase a, KvgAElta, AvK'3ela,
he was earlier than Hesiod, and was a contem- Oiv'wrpia, Ntqpcirls). There are several passages
porary and friend of EUMOLPUS. This latter making mention of Peisander, in which we have
statement, however, is only an instance of the way no means of ascertaining whether the poet of Cain which the connection between the great early meirus or of Laranda is the person alluded to;
masters of poetry and their followers in the same such are Schol. ald Apoll. I/hod. i. 471, ii. 98,
line was often represented as an actual personal 1090, iv. 57; Schol. ad Eur. Pl/oen. 1748. Marelation. Peisander was the author of a poem in crobius, in the passage above referred to, says that
two books on the exploits of Hercules. It was Virgil drew the whole matter of the second book
called'HpaicAeta, and Clement of Alexandria of the Aeneid from Peisander. But chronology,
(SIurom. vi. p. 266, ed. Sylb.) accuses him of having of course, forbids us to understand this of Peisantalken it entirely from one Pisinus of Lindus. In der of Laranda; and we hear of no such work Ias
this poem Hercules was for the first time repre- that to which Macrobius alludes by any older poet
senlted as armed with a club, and covered with the of the same name, for the notion of Valckesraer
lion's skin, instead of the usual armour of the seems quite untenable, viz. that the'HpwclKal aeoheroic period; and it is not improbable, as Miiller'yalsat was written, in spite of the testimony of
suggests, that Peisander was also the first who Suidas, by Peisander of Cameirus, and was in
fixed the number of the hero's labours at twelve fact one and the same poem with the'Hp)cAXE1a
(Strab. xv. p 688; Suid. s. v. lheromdpos; (Valcken. Diatrib. ad Esur. fIipp. p. 24; Heyne,
Eratosth. Cctast. 12; Ath. xii. p. 512, f; Schol. Exc. i. iii. ad Viry. Aen. ii.; Fabric. Bibl. Grae.
aud Apoll. 1h/sod. i. 1196; Theocr. Epir. xx.; vol. i. pp. 215, 590, iv. p. 265; Voss. de Po't.
Miller, Hist. of Glc. Lit. ix. ~ 3, Dor. ii. 12. ~ 1). Grace. 9; Bode, Gesec/. der Epischl. Dichltk. p. 500,
Thle Alexandrian grammarians thought so highly note 1). [E. E.]
of the poem that they received Peisander, as well PEISE'NOR (feleAvawp). i. The father of
tas Antimachus and Panyasis9 into the epic canon Ops, and granlfather of Eurycleia, the nurse of
together with Homer and Hesiod. Only a few Odysseus. (lHom. Od. i. 429.)
lines of it have been preserved; two are given us 2. A herald of Telemachus in Ithaca. (Hom.
by the Scholiast on Aristophanes (Nzb. 1034), Od. ii. 38.)
and another by Stobaeus (Flor. xii. 6). Other 3. A distinguished Trojan, the father of Cleitus.
poems which were ascribed to Peisander were, as (Hom. Il. xv. 445.)
we learn from Suidas, spurious, having been com- 4. A centaur, mentioned only by Ovid. (lelt.
posed chiefly by Aristeas. In the Greek Anthllo- xii. 303.) [L. S.]
logy (vol. i. p. 49, ed. Jacobs) we find an epigram PEI'SIAS (Heiclas). 1. An Argive general.
attributed to Peisander of Rhodes, perhaps the poet In a. C. c. 6, when Epaminondas was preparing to,f Cameirus; it is an epitaph on one Hippaemon, invade Achaia, Peisias, at his instigation, occupied
together with his horse, dog, and attendant. By a commanding height of Mount Oneium, near
some, moreover, it has been thought, but on no Cenchreae, and thus enabled the Thebans to make
sufficient grounds, that the fragmnents which pass their way through the isthmus, guarded though it
as the 24th and 25th Idyllia of Theocritus, as well was by Lacedaemonian and Athenian troops. (Xell.
as the 4th of Moschus, are portions of the'Hpd- Hell. vii. 1. ~ 41; Diod. xv. 75.)
KAeia of Peisander (Paus. ii. 37, viii. 22; Phot. 2. A statuary, is mentioned by Pausanias (i. 3.)
Bibl. 239; Ath. xi. p. 469, d; Strab. xiv. p. 655; as having made a statue of Apollo, which stood in
Quiut. x. 1; Apollod. Bibl. i. 8; Hygin. Poi't. the inlner Cerameicus at Athens. [E. E.]
A4str. ii. 24; Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. ix. 185; Schol. PEISI/DICE (EIlesotKic). 1. A daughter of
sad Apoll. I]hod. iv. 1396; Steph. Byz. s. v. Ka- Aeolus and Enarete, was married to Mlyrmidon,
ALupos; Heyne, Exc. i. ad Viry. Aen. ii.; Fabric. by whom she became the mother of Antiphus and
Ribl. Graec. vol. i. pp. 215, 590; Voss. de Po't. Actor. (Apollod. i. 7. ~ 3.)
(r'aec. 3; Bode, Gesch. der Epischenl Dichtkunst, 2. A daughter of Pelias and Anaxibia or Philopp. 499, &c). From Theocritus (Epigr. xx.) it mache. (Apollod. i. 9. ~ 10.)
appears that a statue was erected by the citizens 3. A daughter of Nestor and Anaxibia. (Apolof Cameirus in honour of Peisander. lod. i. 9. ~ 9.)
2. A poet of Laranda, in Lycia or Lyeaonia, 4. The daughter of a king of Methymna in
was a son of NESTOR [No. 1. See above, Vol. II. Lesbos, who, out of love for Achilles, opened to
p. 1170, a], and flourished in the reign of Alex- him the gates of her native city, but was stoned
ander Severus (A. D. 222-235). He wrote a to death, at the command of Achilles, by his solpoem, which, according to Zosimnus (v. 29), was diers, (Parthen. Erot. 21.) [L. S.]
called'HpwucKa S.oeyatuiat. In most copies of PEISISTRA/TIDAE (IerToalTrpaTs'al), the
Suidas (s. v. fEle'avspos) we find the title given as legitimate sons of Peisistratus. [See PEISISTRA-'Hpadcal beoeaytatl, which, some have thought, uvs.] The nanme is used sometimes to indicate
derives confirmation from the statement in Ma- only Hippias and Hipparchus, sometinles in a wider
crobius (Sat. v. 2), that Peisander wrote a sort of application, embracing the grandchildren and near
universal history, commenting with the nluptials of conlnections of Peisistratus (as by Herodotus, vili.