A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

160 PAUSANIAS. PAUSANl1AS.
circumvyallation. He defeated the assailants with accession by Amyntas II., B. c. 394. (Diod. xi r,
some slaughter, but did not follow up his victory, 82, 34.)
and secretly sent a message to the besieged. At
his suggestion a deputation was sent by them to
himself and the ephors, an armistice was concluded 1
with the exiles, and their deputies were sent to
Sparta to plead their cause. The result was, that
fifteen commissioners were appointed, in conjunction with Pausanias, to settle the differences of the
two Athenian parties. An amnesty was published,
including all but the thirty tyrants, the Eleven,
and the Ten who had been governors of Peiraeeus.
Pausanias then disbanded his forces (Xen. Ilellen.
ii. 4. ~ 28-39; Paus. iii. 5. ~ 1; Pltt. Lysand. COIN OF PAUSMIAS, ING OF MACEDONIA.
c. 21). On his return to Sparta, however, the
opposite party brought him to trial before a court 6. A pretender to the throne of Macedonia.
consisting of the gerontes, the ephors, and the According to the scholiast on Aeschines (p. 754,
other king Agis. Fourteen of the gerontes, with ed. Reiske), he belonged to the royal family. He
king Agis, voted for his condemnation; the rest made his appearance in B. C. 368, after Alexander
acquitted him. (Paus. iii. 5. ~ 2.) II., the son of Amyntas II., had been assassinated
In B. C. 395, when hostilities broke out between by Ptolemaeus; and, being supported by numerous
Phocis and Thebes, and the former applied to adherents, gained possession of several towns. EuSparta, war was decreed against Thebes, and rydice, the widow of Amyntas, sent to request the
Lysander was sent into Phocis, to raise all the aid of the Athenian general, Iphicrates, who exforces he could in that quarter. Pausanias was to pelled Pausanias from the kingdom. (Aeschines,
join him on an appointed day with the Pelopon- dtleflsa Ley. c. 23, p. 31, ed. Steph.; Corn. Nepos,
nesian troops. Thllese collected so slowly, that p.hicr. c. 3.)
when LSsander with the troops which he had 7. A Macedonian youth of distinguished family,
raised reached Hdaiartus, Pausanias had not ar- froml the province of Orestis. He was one of the
rived. A battle ensued under the walls of IIaliar- body-guard of king Philip, wlho, on account of his
tus, in which Lysander was slain. Next day beauty, was much attached to him. Perceiving
Pausanias reached the spot, but the arrival of an himself in danger of being supplanted in the affecAthenian army rendered him unwilling to engage. tion of Philip by a rival also called Pausanias, he,
A council of war was held, in which it was de- in the most opprobrious manner, assailed the latter,
cided that application should be made for permis- nho complained to his friend Attalus, and soon
sion to carry away the dead bodies of those who after perished in battle with the Illyrians. Attalus
had been slain in the late engagement. This was contrived to take the most odious revenge on Pauonly granted on condition that Pausanias should sanias, who complained of the outrage to Philip.
withdraw his forces from Boeotial; and. these terms But, apparently on account of his relationship to
were accepted. On his return to Sparta, Pan- Attalus, and because he needed his services, Philip
sanias was impeached, and, besides his conduct on declined to inflict any punishment on Attalus. Pauthis last occasion, his leniency to Thrasybulus and sanias accordingly directed his vengeance against
his party at Peiraeeus was again brought up Philip himself. An opportunity presented itself at
against him; and Pausanias, seeing that a fair the festival held by Philip at Aegae, as, in a magtrial was not to be hoped for, went into voluntary nificent procession, Philip approached, having diexile, and was condemned to death. He sought rected his guards to keep at a distance, as though
shelter in the sanctuary of Athene Alea at Tegea, on such an occasion he had no need of them.. Panand was still living here in B. C. 385, when sanias rushed forwards from the crowd, and, drawMantinea was besieged by his son Agesipolis, who ing a large Celtic sword from beneath his dress,
succeeded him on the throne. Pausanias, who plunged it into the king's side. The murderer
had friendly relations with the leadilng men of forthwith rushed towards the gates of the town,
Mantinea, interceded with his son on behalf of the where horses were ready for him. tIe was, howcity. (Xen. fleZlen. iii. 5. ~ 17-25, v. 2. ~ 3- ever, closely pursued by some officers of the king's
6;Paus. iii. 5.~ 3 —-7; Plut. Lysazd. c. 31.) Diodo- guard, and, having stumbled and fallen, was derus (xiv. 17) erroneously substitutes Pausanias for spatched by them on the spot. Suspicion rested
Agis in connection with the quarrel between the on Olympias and Alexander of having been privy
Lacedacmonians and Eleans. to the deed. According to Justin, it was Olympias
3. An Athenian of the Deme Cerameis, cele- who provided the horses for the flight of Pausanias;
brated for his amorous propensities towards those and when his corpse was crucified she placed a
of his own sex, and for his attachment to the poet crown of gold upon the head, caused the body to
Agathon. Both Plato (Conviviuem, p. 176, a., be burnt over the remains of her husband, and
180, c.; comp. Protag. p. 315, d.) and Xenophon erected a monument to him in the same place, and
(Conviviunm, 8. ~ 32) introduce him. It has been even instituted yearly rites in memory of him.
supposed that Pausanias was the author of a se- T'he sword with which he had assassinated the
parate erotic treatise; but Athenaeus (v. p. 216) king she dedicated to Apollo. The suspicion with
affirms that no treatise of the kind existed. regard to Alexander is probably totally unfounded.
4. A son or brother of Derdas. (Shol. ad There was likewise a story that Pausanias, while
T77uc. i. 61.) He appears among the antagonists meditating revenge, having asked the sophist Herof king Perdiccas. mocrates which was the shortest way to fame, the
5. King of Macedonia, the son and successor of latter replied, that it was by killing the man who
Aeropus. He was assassinated in the year of his had performed the greatest achievements. These