A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

152 PAULUS. PAULUtS.
8vo. 1837. In this last edition, beside the De- The assiduity of Paul in the exercises of an
sc-riptio of Ducange, there is given a De Aede ascetic life was rewarded, according to his creSophziana Commentarius of Bandurius, written by dulous biographer Palladius, with miraculous gifts,
him as a commentary on the fourth book of an and "he surpassed even his master in vexing the
anonynlous work, De Antiquitatilus CPolitanis, daemons, and putting them to flight" (Sozomer).
with plans and elevations of the building. The The date of Paul's retirement, and the time of his
work of Paulus was also published by Graefe, death, are not known; but an anecdote recorded
8vno. Leipzig, 1822. 2. EKOrcIoS ro in &ugywos, in the Eccles. Graec. ll'onui7nenta of Cotelerius (vol.
L)escriptio Arebonis, consisting of 304 verses, of i. p. 351) shows that he was living at the accession
which the first twenty-nine are iambic, the rest of the emperor Constantius II., A. D. 337. (Palhexameter. This poem is in fact a second part of the ladius, Ilist. Lausiac. c. 28, in the Biblioth. Patrumnz,
former, and, as the title informs us, was read after fol. Paris, 1654, vol. xiii. p. 941; Sozomen, H.E.
the first. It was not given by Ducange, or in the i. 13; Tillemont, Ml/noiries, vol. vii. p. 144, &c.)
Venetian reprint. It was published by Graefe, 20. SOPHISTA. [No. 22.]
and in the Bonn edition of the Byzantine writers, 21. SOPHISTA. the SOPHIST, of Lycopolis in
subjoined to the former work, with some various Egypt, son of Pesarion or Didymus, lived in the
readings, but without any preface, version, or notes. reign of the emperor Constantine, and wrote a
3. A number of Epigramnratoa, eighty-three in all, work now lost, described by Suidas as'-47re/qlva,
given in the Anzthologia (vol. iii. p. 71, &c. ed. Conbmzetarius. (Suidas, s.v. na8Aos Aiy7rTiros.)
Brunck, vol. iv. p. 41, &c. ed. Jacobs). Among 22. Of TYRE, a sophist or rhetorician of the time
these is a poem, Elis Ta fv UiLvOios SEpya, De of Hadrian. He was deputed, apparently by his
Thermis P'ytliis, improperly inserted by the first countrymen, as their delegate to the emperor, and
editors of the Anthologia, and was entitled in succeeded in obtaining for Tyre the rank of a metheir edition,'HuL'aeua i/AErTp: 7OrpIS TOv Aa- tropolis. He wrote the following works enumeoaiXa To' KcWvOrTarTvoV TOrP IopqU poTyeVrlToV rated by Suidas, but all now lost. 1. T/XP11 i/Pr-oSeniisanibi ad Imsperatoreoi Constantinum Poplh/y- poK, Ass Rhel/orica. 2. TIpoyvutvdrcLtaa, Pro#ynzqroqenitum. This title led Fabricius and others to oasrnata. 3. MEAe'rai, Declanzationes. (Suidas,
the conclusion that it was written by a younger s. v.; Eudocia,'Iwovrd, s. v.; Fabric. Bibl. Gsaec.
Paul. But the title is omitted in some MSS., and vol. vi. p. 135; Tillemont, Hist. des Empnereurs,
there is reason to believe that it is erroneous, and vol. ii. p. 278.) [J. C. M.]
that the poem is the production of the Paul of Jus- PAULUS AEGINE'TA (Inauos Al',v7'r7s),
tinian's time. (Ducange, Praef. in Paul.Silentiar.; a celebrated Greek medical writer, of whose perJacobs, Catalogus Poettrum llo igramn1aticorumra, sonal history nothing is known except that he was
subjoined to the Anthsologi/a; Vossius, De tHistoricis born in the island of Aegina, and that he travelled
G'raecis, 1. c.; Oudin, Colunsentar. de Scrizporibus a good deal, visiting, among other places, AlexEccles. vol. i. col. 1439; Fabric. Biblioth. Grace. andria (iv. 49, p. 526). He is sometimes called
vol. iv. p. 487, vol. vii. p. 581.)'IaTpooosr's (see Diet. of Ant. s. v.) and nlepto19. SIMPLEX, the SIMPLE (O d7rAos), so called bevrs'E, a word which probably means a physician
on account of the child-like simplicity of his character. who travelled from place to place in the exercise
lie was a countryman, with a wife and family, who, of his profession. The exact time when he lived
at sixty years of age, embraced a life of religious is not known; but, as he quotes Alexander Tralsolitude, in which he attained great eminence. His lianus (iii. 28, 78, pp. 447, 495, vii. 5, 11, 1 9,
native country appears to have been Egypt, but the pp. 650, 660, 687), and is himself quoted by
place of his residence is not described. His retire- Yahya lbn Serhbi or Serapion (I'nact. vii. 9, pp.
ment into the desert was occasioned by his sur- 73, 74, ed. Lugd. 1525), it is probable that Abfiprising his wife, who was exceedingly beautiful, and l-Faraj is correct in placing him in the latter half
must have been much younger than himself, in the of the seventh century after Christ. (liust. Dynast.
act of adultery with a paramour with whom she p. 114.) Suidas says he wrote several medical
appears to have long carried on a criminal inter- works, of which the principal one is still extant,
course. Abandoning to the care of the adulterer, with no exact title, but commonly called " De Re
not only his guilty wife, but also his innocent Medica Libri Septem." This work is chiefly a
children, according to Palladius and Socrates, he compilation from former writers; and the preface
took his departure, after having, " with a placid contains the following summary of the contents of
smile" (?sp/Ea irnyeAea'aa), or " a decorous smile" each book:-" In the first book you will find
(yeAhe'oas eeluvoy), said to the adulterer, "Well, every thing that relates to hygiene, and to the
well; truly it matters not to me. By Jesus! I preservation from, and correction of, distempers
will not take her again. Go; you have her and peculiar to the various ages, seasons, temperaments,
her children; for I am going away, and shall be- and so forth; also the powers and uses of the difcome a monk." The incident affords a curious ferent articles of food, as is set forth in thechapter
illustration of the apathy which was cherished as a of contents. In the second is explained the whole
prime monastic virtue; and offers an instance of doctrine of fevers, an account of certain matters
what was probably in that day still rarer, monastic relating to them being premised, such as excreswearing. A journey of eight days brought him to mentitious discharges, critical days, and other
the cell of St. Antony [ANToNIUs, No. 4], then in appearances, and concluding with certain symptoms
the zenith of his reputation. " Wlat do you want? " which are the concomitants of fever. The third
said the saint. "To be made a monk," was Paul's book relates to topical affections, beginning from
answer. "Monks are not made of old men of the crow0n of the head, and descending down to
sixty," was the caustic rejoinder. But the perti- the nails of the feet. The fourth book treats of
nacity of Paul overcame the opposition of Antony, those complaints which are external and exposed
and sustained him through the ordeal of the stern to view, and are not limited to onre part of the
discipline by which Antony hoped to weary him. body, but affect various parts. Also, of intestinal