A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ROMAN HISTORY. 1383
A.I. A.D.
243 Coss. L. Annius Arrianus. Aemilianus marches into Italy. Gallus and
C. Cervonius Papus. Volusianus slain by their own troops in
Gordiani 6. - Death of Misitheus. February. Aemilianus slain by his own
244 Coss. (L. Armenius) Peregrinus. troops in May. VALERIANUS emperor.
(A. Fulvius) Aemilianus. His son GALLIENUS is made Augustus.
Gordian (aet. 18) is slain by the contrivance 255 Coss. Imp. Caes. P. Licinius Valerianus
of Philip, the praetorian praefect in Meso- Aug. III.
potamia, in the spring. Imp. Caes. P.Licinius Gallienus Aug.II.
PHILIPPUS I. emperor. Philip confers the Valeriani et Gallieni 3. - The barbarians
title of Caesar upon his son, the younger begin to invade the empire on all sides.
Philip, and returns to Rome. The Goths invade Illyricum and MacePlotinus is at Rome. donia. Gallienus is in Gaul.
245 Coss. Imp. Caes. M. Julius Philippus Aug. 256 Coss. (M.) Valerius Maximus II.... Junius Titianus. (M'. Acilius) Glabri,.
Philippi 2. —War with the Carpi on the Val. et Gallieni 4.-The Franks invade
Danube. Spain.
246 Coss........ Praesens. 257 Coss. Imp. Caes. P. Licinius Valerianus..... Albinus. Aug. IV.
Philippi 3. Imp. Caes. P. Licinius Gallients
Origen (aet. 61) composes his work Aug. III.
against Celsus about this time. (Suf. a. d. XI. K. Jun. M. Ulpius Cri247 Coss. Imp. Caes. M. Julius Philippus Aug. II. nitus.
M. Julius Philippus Caesar. L. Domitius
Philippi 4. —Philip bestows the rank of Aurelianus
Augustus upon his son the younger Philip. (qui postea
248 Coss. Imp. Caes. M. Julius Philippus (I.) Imp. Caes.
Aug. III. Aug. app. e.)
Imp. Caes. M. Julius Philippus (II.) Val. et Gallieni 5. -Aurelian defeats the
Aug. II. Goths.
Philippi 5. - The Ludi Saeculares are cele- 258 Coss. Memmius Tuscus.
brated.......... Bassus.
Cyprian is appointed bishop of Carthage. Val. et Gallieni 6.-Valerian sets out for
249 Coss. (A. Fulvius) Aemilianus II. the East, to carry on war against the Per-.. Junius Aquilinus. sians. Persecution of the Christians.
The two Philips are slain in September or While the empire is invaded by the barOctober, at Verona. barians, and Valerian is engaged in the
DECIUS, emperor. He confers the title of Persian war, the legions in different parts
Caesar upon his son Herennius Etruscus. of the empire proclaim their own generals,
250 Coss. Imp. Caes. C. Messius Quintus Tra- emperors. These usurpers are known by
janus Decius Aug. II. the name of the Thirty Tyrants. PosAnnius Maximus Gratus. tumus is proclaimed emperor in Gaul. The
Decii 2. —Great persecution against the Goths take Trapezus.
Christians, in which Fabianus, bishop of Martyrdom of Cyprian.
Rome, perishes. 259 Coss... Aemilianus.
251 Coss. Imp. Caes. C. Messius Quintus Tra-........ Bassus.
janus Decius Aug. III. Val. et Gallieni 7.-The Goths plunder
Q. Herennius Etruscus Messius Decius Bithynia.
Caesar. 260 Coss. P. Cornelius Saecularis II.
Decius carries on war against the Goths. He.. Junius Donatus (II.)
is slain in November, together with his Val. et Gallieni 8. —Saloninus, the son
son Herennius Etruscus. of Valerian, put to death by Postumus.
GALLUS Trebonianus, emperor. The title Valerian is taken prisoner by Sapor, the
of Augustus is conferred upon Hostilianus, Persian king. The Persians are driven
a younger son of Decius. Gallus confers back by Odenathus, the ruler of Palmyra.
the title of Caesar upon his son Volusianus. Ingenuus and Regalianus are proclaimed
252 Coss. Imp. Caes. C. Vibius Trebonianus emperors.
Gallus Aug. I. 261 Coss. Imp.Caes.P. Licinius GallienusAug.IV.
C. Vibius Volusianas Caesar. L. Petronius Taurus Volusianus.
Galli 2. - Volusianus is elevated to the rank Gallieni 9. - Macrianus, Valens and Calof Augustus. Gallus returns to Rome. purnius Piso are proclaimed emperors: the
Commencement of a great pestilence, which two latter are easily put down, but Ma
rages for 15 years. Death of Hostilianus. crianus marches from Syria to attack Gal253 Coss. Imrp. Caes. C.VibiusVolusianus Aug. II. lienus.
M. Valerius Maximus. 262 Coss. Imp. Caes. P. Licinius Gallienus Aug.V.
Galli 3. —AEMILIANUS is proclaimed em-.......Faustinus.
peror in Moesia. VALERIANUS is pro- Gallieni 10.- Aureolus is proclaimed emclaimed emperor in Rhaetia. peror: he defeats and slays Macrianus
Death of Origen (aet. 68). with his two sons, in Illyricum. The Goths
254 Coss. Imp.Caes.P.LiciniusValerianusAug.II. ravage Greece and Asia Minor. The
Imp. Caes. P. Licinius Gallienus Aug. Persians take and plunder Antioch.
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