A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

130 PARTHENIUS. PARYSATIS.
Artemid. iv. 63). 2.'ApTn1rs EirLKI3ELOV, a dirge I andrine grammarian, Dionysius, who lived in the
on his wife Arete (Suid.). 3.'Apn'r/js?YKWjeLov, first century before Christ (Suidas, s. v. ALeovhLeos).
in three books (Suid.). Either to this work or the This Parthenius is mentioned by Athenaeus, who
former may be referred the quotation in the Scholiast quotes a work of his, entitled repl rczv 7rapad os
on Pindar (ev'rj'Ap7sr, Islhm. ii. 63). 4.'Av-'Ie'ropeKoss Aeewoop qrovev,) o (Athen. xi. p. 467,
Oirrn7 (Steph. Byz. s. vv. KpavilEs, Ac/7reLa). c. p. 501, a. xv. p. 680, d. e.), and also by Eusta5. ELs'ApXE\a'L'ca 4irK4Sietov (Hephaest. p. 9). thius (ad II. xxiii. p. 1412, ad Od. xv. p. 567).
6. Eis Atv'[OesuzL ifrtK eCov (Steph. Byz. s. v. 4. The PHOCAEAN, frequently quoted by Stepharaxxo-ilov). 7. Bias (Schol. ad II. ix. 446). 8. Ai- nus Byzantinus (s. vv. rod'0oe, AEtEcE'LOL, Moepe'a).
Aos (Steph. s. iv. BeAr.ltoe'so, rpeY/oe). 9.'HpaKxss, In the Greek Anthology there is an epigram of
(Steph. s. vv. YIoToa, OizvYrln; Etymol. s. v. asupe'- Erycius (Anal. vol. ii. p. 297), addressed els HapXas). 10.'I(pKcAos (Steph. s..'Apaq(esa). 11. KpL- O'osv U'wKaea To7' eGS'OsU1jpO 7rapoeruveaVra.
vayopas (Etym. s. v.'p7rus). 12. AEuKa3fai (Steph. Brunck understands this to be the Parthenius who
s. v.'I~qpiat). 13. rlporEUrratd (Steph. s.v. vKw- was taken in the Mithridatic war [No. 1], and
puetos). 14. Moreturn. It is stated in the Am- Jacobs supposes him to be the same as the disciple
brosian manuscript of Virgil that Parthenius wrote of Dionysius [No. 3]; but neither of these opinions
a work in Greek under this title, which was imitated can be correct, as Clinton has observed (F. H. vol.
by Virgil. 15. Me7asxopspwoeris. Whether Par- iii. p. 549), since it appears from the authority of
thenius was the author of this work or not is doubt- Stephanus Byz. (s. v. AEKE'rsTm-) that the Phocaean
ful. Suidas (s. v. Ne'r-wp), in one passage, ascribes Parthenius lived after Magnentius, who slew Conit to Parthenius of Nicaea; but in another (s. v. stans in A. D. 350.
napOe'wzos XZos), he attributes it to Parthenius of PARTHENOPAEUS (IlapOevoraeos), one of
Chios [No. 2]. Since, however, the words in the the seven heroes that undertook the expedition
latter passage are wanting in the old editions and against Thebes. He is sometimes called a son of
in most manuscripts of Suidas, it is probable that Ares or Meilanion and Atalante (Apollod. iii. 9.
they were not written by him, but were made up by ~ 2, 6. ~ 3, &c.; Paus. iii. 12. ~ 7; Eurip. Suppl.
some one' from the passage on Nestor, and then in- 888; Serv. ad Aen. vi. 480), sometimes of Meserted under Parthenius in their wrong place. This leager and Atalante (Hygin. Fab. 70, 79), and
work is likewise referred to by Eustathius (ad sometimes of Talaus and Lysimache (Apollod. i. 9.
Dionys. 420); and it must be admitted, as Clinton ~ 13; Pans. ii. 20. ~ 4, ix. 18. ~ 4; Schol. adOed.
has remarked, that the expression of Eustathius Col. 1385). His son, by the nymph Clymene,
seems to imply that another Parthenius was in- who marched against Thebes as one of the Epigoni,
tended. It is not improbable that Ovid may have is called Promachus, Stratolaus, Thesimenes, or
borrowed from this work in his Metamnorphoses. Tlesimenes. (Apollod. i. 9. ~ 13, iii. 7. 2; Eu16. IIepI epCoTrKCt, zraO?7tscrwo'. stath. ad IIonm. p. 489; Hygin. Fab. 71; Pans. iii.
The work last mentioned, nEpl sp 7poritKcc raO,1- 12. ~ 7.) Parthenopaeus was killed at Thebes by,uaTrwv, is the only one of the writings of Parthenius Asphodicus, Amphidicus or Periclymenus. (Apolthat has come down to us. It is written in prose, led. iii. 6. ~ 8; Paus. ix. 18, in fin.; Aeschyl.
and contains thirty-six brief love-stories, which Sept. c. Theb.) [L. S.]
ended in an unfortunate manner. It is dedicated, PARTHE'NOPE (rlapOsesJrv). 1. A daughter
as has been already remarked, to Cornelius Gallus, of Stymphalus, and by Heracles the mother of
and was compiled for his use, that he might avail Eueres. (Apollod. ii. 7. ~ 8.)
himself of the materials in the composition of epic 2. A daughter of Ancaeus and Samia, became
and elegiac poems. The work is of some interest by Apollo the mother of Lycomedes. (Paus. vii.
to us, as Parthenius gives in most cases the names 4. ~ 2.)
of the writers from whom he derived his narratives, 3. One of the Seirens (Schol. ad Honm. Od. xii.
and thus extends our acquaintance with some Greek 39; Aristot. Mir. Azsc. 103.) At Naples her
writers of whom we have very few fragments tomb was shown, and a torch race was held every
extant. Of this work we have only one manuscript, year in her honour. (Strab. v. p. 246; Tzetz. ad
written in the tenth century, and preserved at Lyc. 732.)
present at Heidelberg. It was first printed at 4. The wife of Oceanus, by whom she became the
Basel, 1531, edited by Comariss. The principal mother of Europa and Thrace. (Tzetz. adLyc. 894;
editions are:-by Gale, in Historiae Poaticae Scrip- comp. Schol. ad Aeschyl. Pers. 183.) [L. S.]
tores Antiqui, Paris, 1675; by Heyne, appended PA'RTHENOS (rlapOevos), i. e. the virgin, a
to his edition of Conon, GiJttingen, 1798; by Pas- surname of Athena at Athens, where the famous
sow, Leipzig, 1824; and by Westermann, in MvOo- temple Parthenon was dedicated to her. (Paus. i.?pdaCpo: ScriptoresPo'ticaetllistoriae Graeci, Bruns- 24, v. ii. ~ 5, viii. 41. ~ 5, x. 34, in fin.) Parwick, 1843. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol iv. p. 305, thenos also occurs as the proper name of the
&c.; Voss. De Hist. Graec. p. 208, &c. ed Wester- daughter of Apollo and Chrysothemis, who after
mann; Clinton, F. H. vol. iii. p. 548, &c.; Lebeau, her premature death was placed by her father
Sur lesAuteurs dontParthenius a tire sesNarrations, among the stars. (Hygin. Poet. Astr. 25. in
in Mmin. de l'Acad. d. Inscrip. vol. xxxiv. p. 63, fin.) [L. S.]
&c.; Eckstein, in Ersch and Gruber's Encyclopiidie, PARYSATIS (Ilapu5'aTrs or rIapva-d'ls, see
art. Partlienius.) Baehr ad Ctes. p. 186.) According to Strabo
2. Of CHIns, the son of Thestor, surnamed (xvi. p. 785), the Persian form of the name was
Chaos, was said to be a descendant of Homer, and Pharziris.
wrote a poem on his father, Thestor (Suid.). 1. Daughter of Artaxerxes I. Longimanus, king
Suidas also ascribes to him the composition of the of Persia, was given by her father in marriage to
Metainoplsoses; but we have shown above that her own brother Dareius, surnamed Ochus, who in
this sentence is probably misplaced in Suidas. B. C. 424 succeeded Xerxes II. on the throne of
3. The GRAMMARIAN, was a pupil of the Alex- Persia. (Ctes. Pens. 44, ed. Baehr.) The feeble