A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ROMAN HISTORY. 1369
B.C. l B.C. C
years more; Pompeius the Spains, and o48 oss. C. Julius Caesar II.
Crassus Syria. Ptolemaeus Auletes re- P. Servilius Vatia Isauricus.
stored to Aegypt by A. Gabinius. Caesar (aet. 52) lands in Greece, defeats PomCicero (aet. 52) composes his De Ora- peius at the battle of Pharsalia in the
tore. His speech In Pisonem. month of August. Murder of Pompeius
Virgil (aet. 16) assumes the toga virilis. (aet. 58) before Alexandria. Caesar comes
54 Coss. L. Domitius Ahenobarbus. to Egypt: Alexandrine war.
Ap. Claudius Pulcher. Cicero (aet. 59) returns to Italy after the
Caesar's (aet. 46) sixth campaign in Gaul. battle of Pharsalia, and arrives at BrunHis second expedition into Britain: war disium.
with Ambiorix in the winter. Crassus 47 Diet. C. Julius Caesar II.
marches against the Parthians. Mllag. Eq. M. Antonius.
Cicero (aet. 53) composes his De Re- GCoss. Q. Fufius Calenus.
publica. His orations pro n1. Scauro, pro P. Vatinius.
Plancio, pro C. Rabirio Postumno. Caesar (aet. 53) dictator the whole year.
53 Coss. Cn. Domitius Calvinus. The consuls Calenus and Vatinius were
M. Valerius Messala. only appointed at the end of the year.
Caesar's (aet. 47) seventh campaign in Gaul. Caesar concludes the Alexandrine war,
He again crosses the Rhine. Defeat and marches into Pontus, and conquers Phardeath of Crassus by the Parthians. naces; arrives in Italy in September.
Cicero (aet. 54) elected augur. He crosses over to Africa before the end
52 Goss. Cn. Pompeius Magnus III. Solus of the year to carry on war against the
consulatum gessit. Pompeians.
Ex Kal. Sextil. Cicero (aet. 60) meets Caesar at BrunQ. Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio. disium, is pardoned by him, and returns
Caesar's (aet. 48) eighth campaign in Gaul. to Rome.
Insurrection in Gaul; Caesar takes Alesia 46 Coss. C. Julius Caesar III.
and Vercingetorix. Death of Clodius in M. Aemilius Lepidus.
January: riots at Rome: Pompeius sole Caesar (aet. 54) defeats the Pompeians at
consul. the battle of Thapsus in April. Death of
Cicero's (aet. 55) oration pro Milone. Cato, aet. 48. Caesar returns to Rome and
He composes his de Legibus. triumphs. Reformation of the calendar by
Death of Lucretius. Caesar.
51 Coss. Ser. Sulpicius Rufus. Cicero (aet. 61) composes his Brutus,
M. Claudius Marcellus. and Partitiones Oratoriae. His orations
Caesar's (aet. 49) ninth campaign in Gaul. pro Marcello and pro Ligario.
Subjugation of the country. The consul Sallust praetor, and accompanies Caesar
Marcellus proposes measures against Caesar. in the African war.
Cicero (aet. 56) goes as proconsul to 45 Diet. C. Julius Caesar III.
Cilicia. Mag. Eq. M. Aemilius Lepidus.
50 Coss. L. Aemilius Paullus. Cos. sine collega. C. Julius Caesar IV.
C. Claudius Marcellus. Coss. Q. Fabius Maximus. Mlrort. e.
Censs. Ap. Claudius Pulcher. C. Caninius Rebilus.
L. Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus. C. Trebonius.
Caesar (aet. 50) spends the year in Cisalpine Caesar (aet. 55) defeats the Pompeians in
Gaul. Measures of Pompeius against Spain at the battle of Munda in March.
Caesar. Triumph of Caesar. He is made consul for
Cicero (aet. 57) leaves Cilicia and reaches ten years, and dictator and censor for life.
Brundisium at the end of the year. Cicero (aet. 62) divorces Terentia;
Death of Hortensius. marries Publilia; loses his daughter Tullia;
Sallust is expelled the senate. divorces Publilia. He composes his Ora..
49 Coss. C. Claudius Marcellus. to, Academica, de Finibus. His orationplro
L. Cornelius Lentulus Crus. Deiotaro.
Diet. sine Mag. Eq. C. Julius Caesar. 44 Diet. C. Julius Caesar IV.
Commencement of the civil war between Mag. Eq. M. Aemilius Lepidus II.
Caesar (aet. 51) and Pompeius. Caesar Mag. Eq. C. Octavius.
marches into Italy, and pursues Pompeius Mag. Eq. Cu. Domitius Calvinus. Yon iniit.
to Brundisium. Pompeius leaves Italy in Goss. C. Julius Caesar V. Cos. occis. e.
March, and crosses over to Greece. Caesar M. Antonius.
goes to Rome, and then proceeds to Spain, P. Cornelius Dolabella.
where he conquers Afranius and Petreius, MURDER OF CAESAR (aet. 56) on the 15th
the legati of Pompeius. He returns to of March. Octavius, on the death of Caesar,
Rome, is appointed dictator for the elec- comes from Apollonia to Rome. M. Antion of the consuls, resigns the office at tonius withdraws from Rome, and prothe end of 11 days, and then goes to ceeds to Cisalpine Gaul at the end of NoBrundisium, in order to cross over into vember to oppose D. Brutus: he is declared
Greece. a public'enemy by the senate
Cicero (aet. 58) comes to Rome, but Cicero (aet. 63) composes his Tusculanae
crosses over to Greece in the month of Disputationes, de A'atura Deorums, de DiJune. vinatione, de Fato, de Amicitia, de Se&xc