A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

1340 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLES OF
B. C. B.C.
nians and of the allies, expels the Persians 456 The Athenians commanded by Myronides
from Eion on the Strymon, and then takes defeat the Thebanls at Oenophyta.
the island of Scyros, where the bones of Recal of Cimon from exile.
Theseus are discovered. Herodotus aet. 25. Thucydides aet. 15.
Phrynichus gains the prize in tragedy. Herodotus is said to have recited his hisSimonides, aet. 80, gains the prize in the tory at the Olympic games, when Thucydithyrambic chorus. dides was a boy. The recitation may
474 Naval victory of Hieron over the Tuscans. therefore be placed in this year, if the tale
Death of Theron of Agrigentum. be true, which is very doubtful.
472 The Persae of Aeschylus performed. Death of Aeschylus aet. 69.
471 Themistocles, banished by ostracism, goes to 455 The Messenians conquered by the LacedaeArgos. Pausanias convicted of treasonand monians in the tenth year of the war.
put to death. Tolmides, the Athenian general, settles the
Thucydides the historian born. expelled Messenians at Naupactus. See B.C.
Timocreon of Rhodes, the lyric poet, 464. Tolmides sails round Peloponnesus
flourished in the time of Themistocles. with an Athenian fleet, and does great
469 Pericles begins to take part in public affairs, injury to the Peloponnesians.
forty years before his death. End of the Egyptian war in the sixth year.
468 Mycenae destroyed by the Argives. See B. C. 460. All Egypt conquered by
Death of Aristeides. the Persians, except the marshes, where
Socrates born. Amyrtaeus continued to hold out for some
Sophocles gained his first tragic victory. years. See B. C. 449.
467 Death of Hieron. Euripides aet. 25 first gains the prize
Andocides, the orator, born. in tragedy.
Simonides, aet. 90, died. 454 Campaign of Pericles at Sicyon and in Acar466 Naxos revolted and subdued. nania.
Great victory of Cimon over the Persians at Cratinus, the comic writer, flourished.
the river Eurymedon, in Pamphylia. 451 Ion of Chios, the tragic writer, begins
Themistocles flies to Persia. to exhibit.
After the death of Hieron Thrasybulus ruled 450 Five years' truce between the Athenians and
Syracuse for a year, at the end of which Peloponnesians, made through the intertime a democratical form of government vention of Cimon.
was established. Anaxagoras aet. 50 withdraws from
Diagoras of Melos flourished. Athens, after residing there thirty years.
465 Revolt of Thasos. Crates, the comic poet, and Bacchylides
Death of Xerxes, king of Persia, and acces.. flourished.
sion of Artaxerxes I. 449 Renewal of the war with Persia. The Athe464 Earthquake at Sparta, and revolt of the He- nians send assistance to Amyrtaeus. Death
lots and Messenians. of Cimon and victory of the Athenians at
Cimon marches to the assistance of the Lace- Salamis in Cyprus.
daemonians. 448 Sacred war between the Delphians and
Zeno of Elea flourished. Phocians for the possession of the oracle
463 Thasos subdued by Cimon. and temple. The Lacedaemonians assisted
Xanthus of Lydia continued to write the Delphians, and the Athenians the
history in the reign of Artaxerxes. Phocians.
461 Cimon marches a second time to the assist- 447 The Athenians defeated at Coroneia by the
ance of the Lacedaemonians, but his offers Boeotians.
are declined by the latter, and the Athe- 445 Revolt of Euboea and Megara from Athens.
nian troops sent back. Ostracism of Ci- The five years' truce having expired (see
mon. B.C. 450), the Lacedaemonians, led by
Pericles at the head of public affairs at Pleistoanax, invade Attica. After the
Athens. Lacedaemonians had retired, Pericles re460 Revolt of Inaros, and first year of the Egyp- covers Euboea. The thirty years' truce
tian war, which lasted six years. The between Athens and Sparta.
Athenians sent assistance to the Egyptians. 444 Pericles begins to have the sole direction
Democritus and Hippocrates born. of public affairs at Athens. Thucydides,
459 Gorgias flourished. the son of Milesias, the leader of the aris458 Lysias born. tocratical party, ostracised.
The O-esteia of Aeschylus performed. Melissus and Empedocles, the philo.
457 Battles in the Megarid between the Athe- sophers, flourished.
nians and Corinthians. The Lacedaemo- 443 The Athenians send a colony to Thurii in
nians march into Doris to assist the Do- Italy.
rians against the Phocians. On their re- Herodotus aet. 41, and Lysias acet. 15
turn they are attacked by the tAthenians accompany this colony to Thurii.
at Tanagra, but the latter are defeated. 441 Euripides gains the first prize in tragedy.
The Athenians commence building their 440 Samos revolts from Athens, but is subdued
long walls, which were completed in the by Pericles in the ninth month.
following year. Sophocles aet. 55 was one of the ten
Panyasis, the uncle of Herodotus, put Athenian generals, who fought against
to death by Lygdamis. Samos.