A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

GREEK HISTORY. 1339
B.C.. B.C.
and accession of Dareius, son of Hystaspes, guidance of Hippias. They are defeated
to the Persian throne. at Marathon by the Athenians under the
Hecataeus and Dionysius of Miletus, the command of Miltiades.
historians, flourished. Aeschylus fought at the battle of Mara520 Melanippides of Melos, the dithyrambic thoen, aet. 35.
poet, flourished. 489 Miltiades attempts to conquer Naxus, but is
519 Plataeae places itself under the protection of repulsed. He is accused, and, unable to
Athens. pay the fine, in which he was condemned,
Birth of Cratimls, the comic poet. is thrown into prison, where he died.
518 Birth of Pindar. Panyasis the poet, the uncle of Herodo514 Hipparchus, tyrant of Athens, slain by Har- tus, flourished.
modius and Aristogeiton. 487 Chionides, the Athenian comic poet, first
511 Phrynichus, the tragic poet, flourished. exhibits.
510 Expulsion of Hippias and his family from 486 Revolt of Egypt from the Persians in the
Athens. fourth year after the battle of Marathon.
The ten tribes instituted at Athens by Cleis- 485 Xerxes, king of Persia, succeeds Dareius.
thenes. Gelon becomes master of Syracuse.
Telesilla of Argos, the poetess, flourished. 484 Egypt reconquered by the Persians.
504 Charon of Lampsacus, the historian, Herodotus born.
flourished. Aeschylus gains the prize in tragedy.
503 Heracleitus of Ephesus, the philosopher, Achaeus, the tragic poet, born.
and Lasus of Hermione, the lyric poet, 483 Ostracism of Aristeides. He was recalled
flourished. from banishment three years afterwards.
501 Naxos besieged by Aristagoras and the Per- 481 Themistocles, the leading man at Athens.
sians. Upon the failure of this attempt He persuades his countrymen to build a
Aristagoras determines to revolt from the fleet of 200 ships, that they might be able
Persians. to resist the Persians.
Hecataeus the historian took part in the 480 Xerxes invades Greece. He set out from
deliberations of the Ionians respecting the Sardis at the beginning of the spring. The
revolt. battles of Thermopylae and Artemisium
500 Aristagoras solicits aid from Athens and were fought at the time of the Olympic
Sparta. games. The Athenians deserted their
Birth of Anaxagoras the philosopher. city, which was taken by Xerxes. The
499 First year of the Ionian revolt. The Ionians, battle of Salamis, in which the fleet of
assisted by the Athenians, burn Sardis. Xerxes was destroyed, was fought in the
Aeschylus, aged 25, first exhibits tra- autumn.
gedy. Birth of Euripides.
498 Second year of the Ionian revolt. Cyprus Pherecydes of Athens, the historian,
recovered by the Persians. flourished.
497 Third year of the Ionian revolt. Aristagoras 479 After the return of Xerxes to Asia, Mardoslain in Thrace. nius, who was left in the command of the
Death of Pythagoras according to Euse- Persian army, passed the winter in Thesbius. saly. In the spring he marches south496 Fourth year of the Ionian revolt. Histiaeus ward and occupies Athens ten months after
comes down to the coast. its occupation by Xerxes. At the battle
Birth of/ Hellanicus of Mytilene, the of Plataeae, fought in September, he is
historian. defeated by the Greeks under the com.
495 Fifth year of the Ionian revolt. mand of Pausanias. On the same day the
Birth of Sophocles. Persian fleet is defeated off Mycale by the
494 Sixth and last year of the Ionian revolt. The Greek fleet. Sestos besieged by the Greeks
Ionians defeated in a naval battle near in the autumn and surrendered in the folMiletus and Miletus taken. lowing spring.
493 The Persians take the islands of Chios, Antiphon, the Athenian orator, born.
Lesbos, and Tenedos. Miltiades fled from Choerilus of Samos, the epic poet, prothe Chersonesus to Athens. He had been bably born.
in the Chersonesus twenty-two years, 478 Sestos taken by the Greeks. Hieron suchaving succeeded his brother Stesagoras in ceeds Gelon.
the government in B. C. 515. The history of Herodotus terminates at
492 Mardonius, the Persian general, invades Eu- the siege of Sestos.
rope, and unites Macedonia to the Persian 477 In consequence of the haughty conduct of
empire. Pausanias, the maritime allies place them491 Dareius sends heralds to Greece to demand selves under the supremacy of Athens.
earth and water. Commencement of the Athenian ascendency
War between Athens and Aegina. or empire, which lasted about seventy
Demaratus, king of Sparta, deposed by the years - sixty-five before the ruin of the
intrigues of his colleague Cleomenes. He Athenian affairs in Sicily, seventy-three
flies to Dareius. before the capture of Athens by Lysander.
490 Datis and Artaphernes, the Persian generals, Epicharmus, the comic poet, flourished
invade Europe. They take Eretria in in the reign of Hieron.
Euboea, and land in Attica nader the 476 Cimon, commanding the forces of the Athe