A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ZOS1MUS. ZYGIA. 1335
companied by a defence of the historian (Basel, and Simplicius of Vienne, he desired to make sub1576, fol.). The first two books, in Greek, with ordinate to the see of Aries, at that time occupied
the translation of Leunclavius, were printed by H. by a certain Patroclus, a priest of very doubtful
Stephanus, in his edition of Herodian (Paris, 1581). reputation. The bishops of Narbonne and Vienne
The first complete edition of the Greek text of Zo- gave way to a certain extent, or at least did not pesimus was that by F. Sylburg (Scriptores Hist. remptorily refuse obedience, but Proculus, warmly
Rom. Min. vol. iii.). Later editions are those supported by his clergy and people, bade open depublished at Oxford (1679), at Zeitz and Jena, fiance to his commands and excommunications.
edited by Cellarius, with annotations of his own Nothing discouraged by this repulse, Zosimus,
and others (1679, 1713, 1729). The next edition within a very short period of his death, boldly asis that by Reitemeier, who, though he consulted no serted his absolute jurisdiction over the African
fresh manuscripts, made good use of the critical re- church by reinstating a certain Apiarius, a presbyter
marks of Heyne and other scholars (Leipzig, 1784). of Sicca, who had been regularly deposed for various
The last and best edition is by Bekker, Bonn, 1837. grave offences by his own diocesan, thus exciting a
There is a German translation by Seybold and Hey- storm among the fiery Numidians, which must
ler, and also an English and a French translation. have produced a violent convulsion had the author
(Schill, Gesch. d. Griech. Lit. vol. iii. p. 232; of the decree lived to follow up this stretch of
Fabric. Bibl. Grace. vol. viii. p. C2.) power by ulterior measures.
4. A native of Ascalon, or, according to other Fourteen Epistolae et Decreta of this pope adaccounts, of Gaza. He lived in the time of the dressed to various bishops and religious commuemperor Anastasius. According to Suidas (s.v.) he nities, chiefly in regard to the events detailed
was the author of a.XELS prropulK KaTa'& crToIXEo0 above, have been preserved, together with a few
(of which Suidas himself made considerable use), short fragments of the Tractoria, and of some
and commentaries on Demosthenes and Lysias, other pieces, all of which will be found under their
some of which are still extant in MS. A life of best form in the Epistolae Pon/tificul Romanorum
Demosthenes by him is prefixed to most of the edl- edited by Constant, fol. Paris, 1721, vol. i. pp. 934
tions of Demosthenes. -1006, in the Bibliotlcca Patrum of Galland, fol.
5. A native of Thasos, the author of some epi- Venet. 1773, vol. ix. pp. 1-20, and also in the
grams still extant in the Anthology (vol. iii. p. 157, Conciliorumn amnplissinsa Collectic of Mansi, fol. Flo&c., ed. Jacobs). rent. 1760, vol. iv. pp. 348-372.
6. An abbot, whose 3Laaosyeuol were edited (See the Prolegomena of Mansi and Galland;
by P. Possinus, in his Thesaurus Asceeticzus, p. 279. Schiinemann, Bibliotheca Patrum Lat. vol. ii. ~ 12;
The editor thinks that he flourished in Palestine B-ihr, Geschichte der Rosms. Lilterat. Suppl. Band.
about A. D. 430. 2te Abtheil. ~ 1.41.) [W. R.]
Several others of this name, not worth inserting ZO'SIMUS, M. CANULEIUS, a gold and
here, are enumerated by Fabricius (Bibl. Graec. silver chaser, whose skill and probity are praised
vol. viii. p. 71, &c.). [C. P. M.] in an extant inscription. (Gruter, p. dcxxxix;
ZO'SIMUS. The short pontificate of this Ro- Sillig. Cctal. Artif. App. s. v.) The name is also
man bishop, which lasted from the 18th of March, found on some ancient cameos; and Raoul-RoA. D. 417, until his death on the 26th of December chette, assuming the identity of the artist, takes
in the following year, was rendered more remark- this as a new proof that the art of engraving on
able by the rash activity with which he plunged metals and on precious stones was often practised
into delicate and irritating controversies than by by the same persons. (Lettre a' M. Schorn, p. 158,
any display of sound judgment or high principle. 2d ed.) [P. S.]
His attention was first occupied by the represent- ZOSTE'RIA (ZwoGrT7pfa), a surname of Athena
ations of Caelestius and Pelagius, who, having ap- among the Epicnemidian Locrians. (Steph. Byz.
pealed to his predecessor Innocentius against what s. v. Zwo-rrp; comp. Herod. viii. 107.) The masthey termed the harsh and prejudiced sentence of culine form Zosterius occurs as a surname of Apollo
the Carthaginian synod, now earnestly demanded a in Attica, on the slip of land stretching into the
full investigation of the charges preferred against sea between Phaleron and Sunium. (Steph. Byz.
their orthodoxy. Zosimus not only pronounced 1. c.) [L. S.]
the complete acquittal of the accused, but inveighed ZO'TICUS, AURE'LIUS, surnamed The Cook,
in the strongest terms against the conduct of the from the profession of his father, was a native of
African clergy, and published a letter testifying Smyrna, remarkable for his personal attractions.
his entire satisfaction with the explanations of Pe- Having been summoned to Rome by Elagabalus,
lagius. But scarcely had he given expression to who had conceived for him a violent affection, he
these feelings when a total change was wrought in entered the city escorted by a magnificent prohis sentiments by the edict of Honorius, issued at cession, was received in the palace by the emperor
Ravenna oi the last day of April, A. D. 418. Not with marks of the most exaggerated respect, and
satisfied with retracting the praise lavished on the was immediately appointed chamberlain. He
two friends, he hastened to denounce them both as speedily, however, fell into disgrace through the
incorrigible heretics, and despatched a circular epis- arts, it is said, of the rival favourite Hierocles, and
tle (Tractoria) to convey a formal announcement of was banished. (Dion Cass. lxxix. 16.) [W. R.]
this condemnation to all the ecclesiastical authorities ZYGIA and ZYGIUS (Zvyia and Zvytos~), are
in the Christian world. surnames of Hera and Zeus, describing them as
His next encounter was with Proculus of Mar- presiding over marriage. (Hesych. s. v.; comp.
seilles, whom, along with Hilarius of Narbonne, HERA.) [IL. S.]
4t 4