A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ZENOBIUS. ZENODORUS. 1311
Zenobia. It is recorded that, stimulated by the B3zovius, Nomenclator Sanctor. Professione Alejealousy of a stepmother, she consented to the dicor. Oct. 30.
death of her husband, because he seemed to prefer 2. The physician mentioned by Eusebius (Hist.
Herodes his son by a former wife, to Herennianus Eccles. viii. 13) as having been a presbyter at
and Timolaus, his children by herself. This charge, Sidon, who was also put to death during the pernot improbable in itself when we recollect the secution under Diocletian, about the year 304, apvindictive passions which so often rage in the ze- pears to have been a different person. [W. A. G.]
nana of an Eastern despot, is characterised by Gib- ZENODO'RUS (Z7rnl3wpos), tetrarch of Trabon as a very unjust suspicion, but he forgets that chonitis and the surrounding country, disturbed his
it rests upon the same authority with nearly all neighbours by his predatory incursions, and was
the particulars which he has admitted without in consequence deprived by Augustus of almost all
hesitation in regard to her career, the rumours, his possessions, which were given to Herod about
namely, collected by the Augustan historian. The B. c. 24. When Augustus came to Syria in B. c.
fact that speedy vengeance was inflicted on the 20, Zenodorus appeared before the emperor to beg
assassin may have been dictated by remorse and for a restitution of his dominions, but he died
prudence. (Trebell. Pollio, Trig. Tyrann.; comp. suddenly at Antioch in the course of the same
Zonar. xii. 27.) [WV. R.] year, and the remainder of his territories was likewise bestowed upon Herod. There are coins extant
struck by Zenodorus. The specimen annexed
contains on the obverse the head of Augustus, and
on the reverse that of Zenodorus. (Joseph. Ant.
xv. 10. ~~ 1-3, B. J. i. 15. s.20. ~ 4; Dion Cass.
liv. 9; Strab. xvi. p. 756; Eckhel, vol. iii. p. 496.)
COIN OF ZENOBIA.
ZENO'BIUS (Z77YOitos), sometimes erroneously c
called ZENODOTUS, was a writer who lived at
Rome in the time of Hadrian. He was the author
of a collection of proverbs, which was an epitome
of the works of Lucillus Tarrhaeus and Didymus of
Alexandria. The latter were themselves by no
means the most ancient compilers of works of that
kind. Zenobius, Athenaeus, and Suidas attribute COIN OF ZENODORUS.
works on proverbs to Aristotle, Clearchus of Soli,
Theaetetus, Chrysippus, &c. In the work of Ze- ZENODO'RUS, a Greek artist, whose native
nobius the proverbs are arranged alphabetically, place is not stated; but, from the fact of his beginand divided into hundreds. The last division is ning his career in Gaul, Thiersch conjectures that
incomplete, the total number collected being 552. he may have been a native of Massilia. He flouThis collection was first published by Phil. Junta rished in the reign of Nero, and was distinguished
(Florence, 1497). It was next published in the alike for the two immense colossi which he erected,
Aldine collection of fabulists. There is a separate and for the beauty with which he executed deliedition by Vincentius Opsopoeus (Hagenau, 1575). cate works in silver-chasing. He made for the
It is also found in the collection of Andreas Schot- Arverni, in Gaul, a colossus of Mercury, which
tus (IlapoL/aLi'EANhMvIKa:, Antverp, 1612). A surpassed all similar works in magnitude, and which
Latin translation was published by Gilbertus Cog- cost forty millions of sesterces (335,0001., according
natts (Basil. 1559). Zenobius was also the author to the most probable reading, HS. CCCC), and
of a Greek translation of Sallust, which, so far as which occupied the artist ten years in its conis known, is not extant; a work entitled relve- struction. While engaged on this great work, he also
ALaKov, addressed to the emperor Hadrian, and employed himself in silver-chasing, and copied the
some other work. (Suid. s. v.; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. engraving on two cups by Calamis with such skill
vol. v. p. 109; Schill, Geschichte der Griech. Lit. that the difference of the workmanship could
vol. ii. p. 540.) scarcely be detected (ut vix illa di.ferentia esset
There was another grammarian of this name, artis). He was supplied with the originals by
the author of an epigram (ap. Brunck, ii. p. Dubius Avitus, the governor of the province, who
402). [C. P. M.] had obtained them from his uncle Cassius Silanus,
ZENO'BIUS, St. (ZvOroCLos), a native of Aegae to whom they had been presented by his pupil
in Cilicia, born of Christian parents, and carefully Germanicus. After the proof of his skill in the
brought up. He at first studied medicine, and statue of Mercury, Zenodorus was invited to Rome
practised with great skill and liberality, giving by Nero to make the colossal statue of that emadvice and medicines gratuitously, and also nourish- peror, which he set up in front of the golden house,
ment to such as were in want of it. He afterwards and which was afterwards dedicated afresh by
became bishop of Aegae, and during the persecution Vespasian as a statue of the Sun. It was 110
under Diocletian was put to death together with feet in height. Pliny tells us that he saw the work
his sister Zenobia by Lysias, the prefect of Cilicia in the artist's studio, and was astonished at the
about the year 304. An interesting account of his striking likeness exhibited, not only in the clay
life and death is given by Simeon Metaphrastes, model, but even in the earlier stage, the frameap. Surium, De'Probctis'anctor. I-Iistoriis, vol. v. work or skeleton of little sticks, which formed the
Oct. 30. See also ll'endol. Graec. vol. i. Oct. 31; groundwork of the whole work. (AIirabamur in