A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

1230 VARUS. VARUS.
government of Africa, arrived to take the command the Gauls amongst themselves, Varus was ordered
of the province; but Varus would not even allow to reduce the Corsicans to subjection. The consul
him to land, and compelled him to sail away. sent to the island his legate M. Claudius Glicia,
Shortly afterwards C. Curio crossed over from intending to follow shortly afterwards. Glicia
Sicily to Africa with two legions in order to gain concluded a peace with the Corsicans on his own
Africa for Caesar. Varus attacked Curio in the authority; but Varus, on his arrival in the island,
neighbourhood of Utica, but was defeated with refused to acknowledge it, and made war upon the
considerable loss, and with difficulty maintained Corsicans till he compelled them to surrender at
his ground under the walls of that city. He was, discretion. (Zonar. viii. 18, p. 400; Liv. ELpit.
however, soon relieved by the Numidian king 50; see GLICIA.) Probably this Licinius is the
Juba, who hastened to his support at the head of same as the C. Licinius, who was sent to Carthage
a powerful army. Curio was now in his turn de- in B. 218 with four other ambassadors, all of whom
feated by Juba. Curio himself fell in the battle were advanced in life. (Liv. xxi. 18.)
with almost all his infantry; and the cavalry, VARUS, PLA'NCIUS, a man of praetorian
which escaped the slaughter and fled to Varus at rank, denounced Dolabella on the accession of
Utica, were all put to death by Juba, notwith- Vitellius, although he had been one of Dolabella's
standing the remonstrances of the Roman general. most intimate friends. (Tac. Hist. ii. 63.) [DOLAThis victory secured Africa for the Pompeian party. BELLA, No. 1 1.]
Accordingly, the most distinguished leaders of the VARUS, POMPEIUS, a friend of Horace,
party fled thither after their defeat at Pharsalia who had fought with the poet at the battle of
in the following year (B. c. 48); and Varus was Philippi, and who appears to have been afterwards
now obliged to resign the supreme command to proscribed, and to have fled to Sex. Pompeius in
Scipio, which he did with extreme reluctance. In Sicily. One of Horace's odes (ii. 7) is addressed
the war which followed Varus was entrusted with to this Pompeius, in which the poet congratulates
the command of the fleet, and burnt several of him upon his unexpected return to his native land.
Caesar's ships at Adrumetum. After the hopes of Many commentators accordingly suppose this ode
the Pompeian party in Spain had been ruined by to have been written as early as B. c. 39, when
the defeat of Scipio at Thapsus, Varus sailed away the triumvirs made peace with Sex. Pompeius, and
to Cn. Pompey ill Spain. He was defeated off allowed those who had been proscribed to return
Carteia in a naval battle by C. Didius, one of to Rome; but others maintain, with more probaCaesar's commanders, and he afterwards joined the bility, that it was not composed till after the battle
army on shore. He fell at the battle of Munda, of Actium in B. C. 31, and that Varus was one of
and his head, together with that of Labienus, was those who had espoused the cause of Antonius,
carried to Caesar. (Cic. ad Att. viii. 13, b, 15, and was then pardoned by Octavianus. (Comp.
20; Caes. B. C. i. 12, 13, 31; Cic. pro Ligar. 1; Estr6, Horatiana Prosopographeia, p. 474, foell.,
Caes. B. C. ii. 23-44; Dion Cass. xli. 41, 42; Amstelod. 1846.)
Appian, B. C. ii. 44-46; Lucan, iv. 713, foll.; VARUS, QUINTI'LIUS. 1. SEX. QUINDion Cass. xlii. 57; Hirt. B. Afr. 62, 63; Dion TILIUS SEX. F. P. N. VARUS, consul B. C. 453 with
Cass. xliii. 30, 31; Appian, B. C. ii. 105.) P. Curiatius Fistus Trigeminus, died while con2. Q. ATIUS VARUS, commander of the cavalry sul of the pestilence which devastated Rome in
under C. Fabius, one of Caesar's legates in Gaul, this year. (Fasti Capit.; Liv. ii. 32; Dionys. x.
is praised as a man " singularis et animi et pru- 53.)
dentiae." (Hirt. B. CG. viii. 28.) He is probably 2. M. QUINTILIUS L. F. L. N. VARUS, one of
the same as the Q. Varus, who commanded the the consular tribunes in B. C. 403. (Fasti Capit.;
cavalry under Domitius, one of Caesar's generals Liv. v. 1.)
in Greece in the war with Pompey. (Caes. B. C. 3. CN. QUINTILIUS VARUS, dictator B. c. 331.
iii. 37.) It is supposed by many modern writers clavifigendi causa. (Liv. viii. 18.)
that he is the same person as the Varus, to whom 4. P. QUINTILIUS VARUS, praetor B. c. 203,
Virgil dedicated his sixth eclogue, and whose praises with Ariminum as his province. In conjunction
he also celebrates in the ninth (ix. 27), from which with the proconsul M. Cornelius he defeated Mago,
poems we learn that Varus had obtained renown the brother of Hannibal, in the territory of the
in war. It is also believed that he is the same as Insubrian Gauls. [Vol. II. p. 904, a.] (Liv. xxix.
the Varus, who is said to have studied the Epi- 38, xxx. 1, 18.)
curean philosophy along with Virgil under Syro, 5. M. QUINTILIUS VARUS, the son of No. 4,
a philosopher mentioned by Cicero (Serv. ad Virg. distinguished himself in the battle in which his
Edcl. vi. 13; Phocas, Vita Virg. 65; Donatus, Vita father defeated Mago. (Liv. xxx. 18.)
Virg. 79; respecting Syro, see Cic. ad Faam. vi. 11, 6. T. QUINTILIUS VARUS, served in Spain in
de Fin. ii. 35); but others think that this Varus B. C. 185, as legatus of the praetor Calpurnius Piso.
is the same as the L. Varus, the Epicurean phi- (Liv. xxxix. 31, 38.)
losopher and friend of Caesar, mentioned by Quin- 7. P. QUINTILIUS VARUs, flamen Martialis,
tilian (vi. 3. ~ 78). (Comp. Estre, Horatiana died in B. c. 169. (Liv. xliv. 18.)
Prosopograp/leia, pp. 118, 204, foill., Amstelod. 8. P. QU1NTILIUS VARUS, praetor B. C. 167.
1846.) (Liv. xlv. 44.)
VARUS, C. CA'SSIUS LONGINUS. [LON- 9. P. (QUINTILIUS) VARUS, is mentioned by
GINUS, No. 10.] Cicero in his oration for Quintius in B. C. 81, and
VARUS, C. LICI'NIUS, P. F. P. N. (Fasti again in his oration for Cluentius as one of the
Capit.), was consul B. C. 236 with P. Cornelius witnesses in the trial of Scamander. (Cic. pro
Lentulus Caudinus. Varus and his colleague Quint. 17, pro Cluent. 19.)
marched into northern Italy in order to oppose the 10. SEX. QUINTILIUS VARUS, praetor B. C..57,
Transalpine Gauls, who had crossed the Alps; and was in favour of Cicero's recall from banishment.
when this danger was averted by the quarrels of (Cic. post Red. in Sen. 9.)