A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

114 PANTAUCHUS. PANTULEIUS.
Indo-Caucasian provinces south of the Paropa- high place among the generals of Demetrius Polimisus, known only from his coins. From these it orcetes, who in B. c. 289 left him with a large force
appears probable that he was the successor of Aga- to hold possession of Aetolia against Pyrrhus. On
thocles, and his reign is referred by Professor Wil- the approach of that monarchs Pantauchus hastened
son to about B.C. 120 (Ariana, p. 300); but Lassen to meet him, and give him battle, when a single
would assign it to a much earlier period. (Lassen, combat ensued between the young king and the
Zur Geschl. d. Griechischen Konigena v. Baktrien, veteran officer, in which the former was victorious.
pp. 192, 263.) The coins of these two kings, Pantauchus was carried off the field severely
Agathocles and Pantaleon, are remarkable as bear- wounded, and his army was totally routed. Wheing inscriptions both in the Greek and in Sanscrit ther or not he died of his wounds we know not,
characters. [E. H. B.] but his name is not again mentioned. (Plut.
PANTALEON (IaytvaAeowv), literary. 1. A Pyrrh. 7, Demnetr. 41.)
writer on culinary subjects, mentioned by Pollux 2. Son of Balacrus, one of the chief friends and
(vi. 70), where the old reading, rIavroAe'wv, is un- counsellors of Perseus, king of Macedonia, by whom
doubtedly inaccurate. we find him employed on various important confi2. A Constantinopolitan deacon and charto- dential occasions. Thus in B.C. 171 he was one of
phylax, who probably lived in the middle of the the hostages given by the king during his conferthirteenth century. Several works of his, prin- ence with the Roman deputy Q. Marcius, and
cipally sermons, have been published, both in the subsequently one of the ambassadors sent to P.
original Greek, and in Latin, for which consult Licinius Crassus with proposals for peace: and
Fabricius, Bibl. Graec. vol. x. pp. 199, 242, 247, three years later (B. C. 168) he was despatched to
258, vol. xi. p. 455, and Cave, Hist. Lit. vol. ii. Gentius, king of Illyria, to secure the adherence
Diss. p. 15. [W. M. G.] of that monarch, at whose court he remained for
PANTALEON, ST. (IIavr'ahgwv), or PAN- some time, stimulating him to acts of open hosTOLEON (IlaVrTXWv), or PANTELEEMON tility against Rome, and urging him to throw his
(IlavrheAezuc.v), a physician of Nicomedia in Bi- whole power into the contest in favour of Perseus.
thynia, in the third century after Christ, the son of (Polyb. xxvii. 8, xxix. 2, 3; Liv. xlii. 39, xliv.
Eustorgius, a person of wealth and consequence,but 23.) [E. H. B.]
strongly devoted to paganism. His mother, whose PANTELEEIMON. [PANTALEON.]
name was Eubula, was a zealous Christian, and PANTE'LEUS (lavTEAXEoS), the author of
educated him in the Christian faith; she died, nine verses in the Greek Anthology, the first two
however, while he was yet young, and he was in of which stand in the Vatican MS. as an epigram
danger of relapsing into paganism. After receiving on Callimachus and Cynageirus, the well-known
a good preliminary education, he studied medicine leaders of the Athenians at the battle of Marathon
under a physician named Euphrosynus, and by his (Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 404, Anth. Pal. App.
engaging manners and good conduct attracted the No. 58). There can be no doubt that the lines
notice of the Emperor Maximian, so that he was are a fragment of an heroic poem on the battle of
intended for the post of one of the royal physicians. Marathon, or the Persian war in general; but we
About this time he became acquainted with an have no indication of the author's age. (See
aged Christian priest, named Hermolaus, by whom Jacobs, Cozmment. in Anth. Graec. vol. ii. pt. 3,
he was confirmed in his attachment to the Christian p. 193, vol. iii. pt. 3, p. 929; Vossius, de Hist.
faith, and shortly after baptized. He then endea- Graec. p. 480, ed. Westermann; Fabric. Bibl.
voured to convert his father from paganism, in Graec. vol. iv. p. 486.) [P. S.]
which attempt he at last succeeded. He made PANTHEIA. [ABRADATAS.]
himself an object of dislike and envy to the other PANTHOEDUS (iIacvoisos), a dialectic phi-.
physicians by the number of cures he effected, and losopher about B. C. 270, who wrote a treatise, wreol
was at last denounced to the emperor as a Chris- dAuLfLoXcoIm, which was attacked by Chrysippus.
tian. After being in vain tempted to embrace He was the preceptor of Lycon, the peripatetic
paganism, and suffering many tortures (from some philosopher. (Diog. Laert. v. 68, vii. 193.)
of which he is said to have been miraculousiy deli- [W. M. G.]
vered), he was at last beheaded, probably A. D. 303. PANTHOUS ([Idveoos), one of the elders at
The name of Panteleemon was given him on Troy, was married to Phrontis, and the father of
account of his praying for his murderers. His Euphorbus, Polydamas, and Hyperenor. (Hom. II.
memory is celebrated in the Romish church on iii. 146, xiv. 450, xvii. 24, 40, 81.) Virgil (Aen.
July 27. A very interesting account of his life ii. 319) makes him a son of Othrys, and a priest
and martyrdom is given in the " Acta Sanctorum" of Apollo, a dignity to which, according to Servius
(Jul. 27. vol. vi. p. 397), taken chiefly from Simeon on this passage, he was raised by Priam; origiM\Ietaphrastes. (See Bzovius, Nomenclator Sanctor. nally he was a Delphian, and had been carried to
Professione lledicor.; C. B. Carpzovius, De 1le- Troy by Antenor, on account of his beauty. (Comp.
dieis ab Eccles. pro Sanctis hlabitis, and the authors Lucian, Gall. 17.) [L- S.]
there referred to.) [W. A. G.] PA'NTIAS (rIaTrlae), of Chios, a statuary of
PANTAUCHUS (ld'Vravxos). 1. A Mace- the school of Sicyon, who is only mentioned as the
donian of Alorus, son of Nicolaus, an officer in the maker of some statues of athletes. He was inservice of Alexander, was one of those appointed structed in his art by his father, Sostratus, who
to the command of a trireme on the descent of the was the seventh in the succession of disciples from
Indus, B. C. 327. (Arr. Ind. 18.) Though this is Aristocles of Cydonia: Pantias, therefore, flourished
the only occasion during the wars of that monarch probably about B. C. 420-388. (Paus. vi. 3. ~ 1,
on which his name is mentioned, yet we are told 9. ~ 1, 14. ~ 3; Thiersch, Epochlen, pp. 143, 278,
that he had earned a great reputation both for 282; ARISTOCLES.) [P. S.]
ability as a commander and for his personal strength PANTO'LEON. [PANTALEON.]
and prowess. These qualities obtained for him a- PANTULEIUS, A., a sculptor, who lived in