A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

VALERIIANUS. VALERIANUS. 1'21
nlid contradictory are the records of this period, tion of the bishop of Vaison (Ep)iscopus Vasensis),
that it is impossible to arrange: the events ill and he is further believed to be the Valerianus
regular order, or to speak with any certainty of who assisted at the councils of Ries (A. D. 439))
the details. We should have imagined that little and Arles (A. D. 455), but these and other sup.
difficulty could have been found in fixing the pre- positions rest upon no basis more stable than simple
cise date of the capture and sack of Antioch, the conjecture.
destruction of its edifices, and the massacre of its The Serro de Bono Disciplinae was first pubpopulation, a catastrophe which must have caused lished as the work of Valerianus by Melchior
a profound sensation throughout the civilised world, Goldastus, 8vo. Gen. 1601, and ten years afteryet we cannot decide whether these things hap- wards Sirmond discovered in a MS. belonging to
pened during the reign of Gallus, of Valerian, or the monastery of Corvey on the Weser nineteen
of Gallienus. In like manner it is hard to decide discourses, together with an Epistola ad Moncaleos
in what year Valerian was made prisoner, although de Virtutibus et Ordine Doctrinae Apostolicae, purthe wreight of evidence is in favour of A. D. 260. porting to be the production of Valerianus Episco(Trebell. Poll. Frag. Vit. Valeriane.; Aurel. Vict. pus. Although the codex in question did not conde Caes. xxxii., Epit. xxxii.; Eutrop. ix. 6; Amm. tain the homily De Bono Disciplinae, nor indicate
Marc. xxiii. 5; Zosim. i. 27, fell. iii. 32; Zonar. the site of the bishopric of this Valerianus, Sirxii. 23; Eckhel, vol. vii. p. 387.) [W. R.] mend concluded from the style that the whole of
these pieces must unquestionably be ascribed to
Valerianus Cemeliensis, and accordingly printed al
7B>2 1e~ //: il& D 5 X octavo volume at Paris in 1612 with the title
" -:/~l Wi1 " b y St Sancti Valeriani Episcopi Cemeliensis Homiliae XX.
o~ -;t 4 Item Epistola ad Monaclhos de Virtutibus et Ordine
e = Doctrinae Apostolicae. Omnniaprimuz praeter unscam Homiliam post annos plus minus stile ducentos
8Q'/.% ~5/? ~711 7 in zucen edita a Jacobo Sirmondo Societatis Jesu
~ ~,3'~~ Presbytero anno M.DC'XII. These tracts will be
found also in the collected works of Sirmond, vol. i.
p. 604. fol. Paris, 1696, in the Bibliotheca Patrumn
NMaaxina, vol. viii. p. 498, fol. Lugd. 1677, and
VALERIA'NTUS JU'NIOR, a son of the em- under their best form in the Bibliotheca Patrum of
peror Valerianus, but not by the same mother as Galland, vol. x. p. 123, fol. Venet. 1774. (SchoeneGallienus. He was remarkable for the beauty of miann, Bzblioth. Patruzm Lt. vol. ii. ~ 38.) [W. R.1
his person, the modesty of his address, the high VALERIA'NUS PAETUS, one of the many
cultivation of his mind, and the purity of his victims of the suspicious cruelty of Elagabalus.
morals in which he exhibited a marked contrast to (Dion Cass. lxxix. 4.) [W. R.]
his dissolute brother, along with whom he perished VALERIA'NUS, C. PLI'NIUS, a physician,
at Milan in A. D. 268. [GAILIENUS.] Trebellius whose date is unknown, who died at the early age
Pollio affirms that he received the title of Caesar of twenty-two, and whose name is preserved in a
from his father, and of Augustus from Gallienus, Latin inscription found at Como. (Gruter, Inser. i.
but this assertion is not supported by the Fasti 635.) To him is attributed (but apparentlywithnor by any other historical evidence, while Eckhel out any very good reason) a Latin medical work
has adduced many weighty arguments to prove entitled " Medicinae Plinianae Libri Quinque,"
that he never could have enjoyed either of these which is supposed to have been written about the
appellations, and that all the coins ascribed to him fourth century after Christ. It is a book on dobelong in reality to his nephew Saloninus. (Trebell. mestic medicine, compiled from Pliny, Dioscorides,
Poll. Vatlrian.jun.; Eutrop. ix. 8; Zonar. xii. 24, Galen, Alexander Trallianus, and others, and is
according to whom young Valerianus was slain not not of much value. The first three books treat of
at Milan, but at Rome, along with the son of different diseases, beginning with the head and
Gallienus, after the death of the latter. See also descending to the feet, and contain an account of a
Eckhel, vol. vii. pp. 432, 436, and the dissertation great number of medicines, taken partly from
of Brequigny in the Minloires de l'Academie de Pliny and partly from later writers. The fourth
Sciences et Belles s ettres, vol. xxxii. p. 274.) [W.R.] book treats of the properties of plants, and is in a
VALERIA'NUS, CORNE'LIUS. [SaLONI- great measure taken from Galen; and the fifth,
NUS.] [W. R.] which is almost entirely taken from Alexander
VALERIA'NUS, with the title Episcopus Trallianus, treats of the diet suitable to different
Cesleliensis, is the name attached in a single MS. diseases. The work was first published at Rome
to a discourse De Bono Disciplinae, frequently 1509, fol., edited by Th. Pighinuccius. There is
printed among the works of St. Augustine, but no (according to Haller) a much more accurate ediauthor bearing this designation has been com- tion, published Bonon. 1516, fol. It is also in.
memorated by Gennadius, by Isidorus, nor by any serted in Alban Thorer's (Torinus) Collection,
other compiler of ecclesiastical biographies. Ceme. Basil. 1528, fol., and in the Aldine Collection of
lium was a village in the neighbourhood of Nice, " Medici Antiqui," Venet. 1547, fol. There is
the episcopate of which was,.by a decree of Pope a learned dissertation by J. G. Gunz (which the
Leo the Great, conjoined with that of Nice, so that Writer has never seen), entitled " De Auctore
after that period it did not form an independent Operis de Re Medica, vulgo Plinio Valeriano addiocese - a fact which determines one limit with scripti," Lips. 1736, 4to, in which the author tries
regard to the age of Valerianus. He is believed to prove that the work in question was written by
to be identical with the Valerianus to whom, in Siburius. (See Fabricius, Bibl. Lat.; Haller, Bibl.
common with other bishops of southern Gaul, a Mled. Pract.; Choulant, Handb. der Biicherkundefii
letter was addressed by Leo touching the ordina, die Aeltere Aledicihc; PenLny (Cclop.) [W. A. cG.
VOL, IH. i I