A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PANDION. PANDUS. 111
PA'NDARUS (rIdvsapos.) 1. A son of Ly- shown inll the territory of Megara, near the rock of
caon, a Lycian, commanded the inhabitants of Athena Aethyia, on the sea-coast (Paus. i. 5. ~ 3),
Zeleia on mount Ida, in the Trojan war. He was and at Megara he was honoured with an heroum
distinguished in the Trojan army as an archer, and (i. 41. ~ 6). A statue of him stood at Athens, on
was said to have received his bow from Apollo. the acropolis, among those of the eponymic heroes
Ile was slain by Diomedes, or, according to others, (i. 5. ~ 3, &c.). [L. S.]
by Sthenelus. He was afterwards honoured as a PANDIO'NIDAE (lanslovo8at), a patronymic
hero at Pinara in Lycia. (Hom. 11. ii. 824, &c., of Pandion, i. e. the sons of Pandion, who, after
v. 290, &c.; Serv. ad Aen. v. 496; Strab. xiv. their father's death, returned from Megarato Athens,
p. 665; Philostr. tier. iv. 2.) and expelled the Metionidae. Aegeus, the eldest
2. A son of Alcanor, and twin-brother of Bitias, among them, obtained the supremacy, Lycus the
was one of the companions of Aeneas, and slain by eastern coast of Attica, Nisus Megaris, and Pallas
Turnus. (Virg. Aen. ix. 672, 758.) [L. S.] the southern coast. (Apollod. iii. 15. ~ 6; Paus.
PANDE'MOS (fldSrm/uos), i. e. "common to all i. 5. ~ 4; Strab. ix. p. 392; Eustath. ad Horn. p.
the people," occurs as a surname of Aphrodite, and`285; Dionys. Perieg. 1024.) [L. S.]
that in a twofold sense, first describing her as the PANDO'RA (Ilaow'pa), i. e. the giver of all,
goddess of low sensual pleasures as Venus vulgivaga or endowed with every thing, is the name of the
or popularis, in opposition to Venus (Aphrodite) first woman on earth. When Prometheus had
Urania, or the heavenly Aphrodite. (Plat. Sympos. stolen {he fire from heaven, Zeus in revenge caused
p. 180; Lucret. iv. 1067.) She was represented at Hephaestus to make a woman out of earth, who by
Elis by Scopas riding on a ram. (Paus. vi. 25. ~ 2.) her charms and beauty should bring misery upon the
The second sense is that of Aphrodite uniting all human race (Hes. Theog. 571, &c.; Stob. Serm. 1).
the inhabitants of a country into one social or Aphrodite adorned her with beauty, Hermes gave
political body. Ill this respect she was worshipped her boldness and cunning, and the gods called her
at Athens along with Peitho (persuasion), and her Pandora, as each of the Olympians had given her
worship was said to have been instituted by The- some power by which she was to work the ruin of
seus at the time when he united the scattered man. Hermes took her to Epimetheus, who forgot
townships into one great body of citizens. (Paus. the advice of his brother Prometheus, not to accept
i. 22. ~ 3.) According to some authorities, it was any gift from Zeus, and from that moment all
Solon who erected the sanctuary of Aphrodite Pan- miseries came down upon men (Hes. Op. et Dies,
demos, either because her image stood in the agora, 50, &c.). According to some mythographers, Epior because the hetaerae had to pay the costs of its metheus became by her the father of Pyrrha and
erection. (Harpocrat. and Suid. s. v.; Athen. xiii. Deucalion (Hygin. Fab. 142; Apollod. i. 7. ~ 2;
p. 569.) The worship of Aphrodite Pandemos also Procl. ad Hes. Op. p. 30, ed. Heinsius; Ov. Met.
occurs at Megalopolis in Arcadia (Paus. viii. 32. i. 350); others make Pandora a daughter of Pyrrha
~ 1), and at Thebes (ix. 16. ~ 2). A festival in and Deucalion (Eustath. ad Hornom. p. 23). Later
honour of her is mentioned by Athenaeus (xiv. writers speak of a vessel of Pandora, containing al;
p. 659). The sacrifices offered to her consisted of the blessings of the gods, which would have been
white goats. (Lucian, Dial. lleret. 7; comp. preserved for the human race, had not Pandora
Xenoph. Sypmpos. 8. ~ 9; Schol. ad Soph. Oed. Col. opened the vessel, so that the winged blessings
101; Theocrit. Epigr. 13.) Pandemos occurs also escaped irrecoverably. The birth of Pandora was
as a surname of Eros. (Plat. Syrnp. I. c.) [L. S.] represented on the pedestal of the statue of Athena,
PANDI'ON (Iliavcwv). i. A son ofAegyptus in the Parthenon at Athens (Paus. i. 24. ~ 7).
and Hephaestine. (Apollod. ii. 1. ~ 5.) In the Orphic poems Pandora occurs as an infernal
2. A son of Phineus and Cleopatra. (Apollod. awful divinity, and is associated with Hecate and
iii. 15. ~ 3; Schol. ad Soph. Ant. 980; comp. the Erinnyes (Orph. Argon. 974). Pandora also
PHINEUS.) occurs as a surname of Gaea (Earth), as the giver
3. One of the companions of Teucer. (Horn. II. of all. (Schol. ad Aristoph. Av. 970; Philostr.
xii. 372.) Vit. Apoll. vi. 39; Hesych. s. v.) [L. S.]
4. A son of Erichthonius, the king of Athens, PANDO'RUS (cIIdvspos). 1. A son of Erechby the Naiad Pasithea, was married to Zeuxippe, theus and Praxithea, and grandson of Pandion,
by whom he became the father of Procne and Phi- founded a colony in Euboea. (Apollod. iii. 15. ~
lomela, and of the twins Erechtheus and Butes. In 1; Eustath. ad Hoen. p. 281.)
a war against Labdacus, king of Thebes, he called 2. A surname of the Earth, in the same sense as
upon Tereus of Daulis in Phocis, for assistance, and. Pandora, and of Aesa, or Fate. (Hom. Epigr. 7.
afterwards rewarded him by giving him his daughter 1; Stob. Eclo#. i. p. 165, ed. Heeren.) [L. S.]
Procne in marriage. It was in his reign that PA'NDROSOS (Ildyspoaos), i.e. "the allDionysus and Demeter were said to have come to bedewing," or "refreshing," was a daughter of
Attica. (Apollod. iii. 14. ~ 6, &c.; Paus. i. 5. ~ Cecrops and Agraulos, and a sister of Erysichthon,
3; Thucyd. ii. 29.) Herse, and Aglauros. According to some accounts
5. A son of Cecrops and Metiadusa, was like- she was by Hermes the mother of Ceryx (Pollux,
wise a king of Athens. Being expelled from Onom. viii. 9). She was worshipped at Athens,
Athens by the Metionidae, he fled to Megara, and along with Thallo, and had a sanctuary there near
there married Pylia, the daughter of king Pylas. the temple of Athena Polias (Apollod. ii. 14. ~~ 2,
When the latter, in consequence of a murder, emi- 6; Paus. i. 2. ~ 5, 27. ~ 3, ix. 35. ~ i). Respecting
grated into Peloponnesus, Pandion obtained the her probable representation in one of the pediments
government of Megara. He became the father of of the Parthenon, see Welcker, in the Class. 3lus.
Aegeus, Pallas, Nisus, Lycus, and a natural son, vol. iii. p. 380, &c. [L. S.]
Oeneus, and also of a daughter, who was married PANDUS, LATF'NIUS, propraetor of Moesia
to Sciron (Apollod. iii. 15. ~ 1, &c.; Paus. i. 5. ~ in the reign of Tiberius, died in his province:
2, 29. ~ 5; Eurip. Med. 660). His tomb was A. D. 19. (Tac. Ann. ii. 66.)