A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

1180 TUBERO. TUBULUS.
6. Q. AFrlus TUBERO, the son of No. 5, the is this Tubero; but there is no excerpt from his
jurist. See below, No. 2. writings. [G. L.'
TU'BERO, AE'LIUS, jurists. 1. Q. AEL1US TU'BERO, L. SEIUS, a legatus of Germanicus
TUBERo, called the Stoic, was a pupil of Panaetius; in his campaign in Germany in A. D. 16, was consul
and one of the scholars of Panaetius dedicated to with the latter in A. D. 18. Tubero was falsely
Tubero a treatise De Officiis (Cic. de Off. iii. 15). accused of majestas in A. D. 24. (Tac. Ann. ii. 20,
He was the son of Q. Aelius Tubero, who was the iv. 29; Fasti.)
son-in-law of L. Aemilius Paulus. [See above, No. 3.] TUBERTUS, the name of an ancient family of
Tubero the son had a reputation for talent and legal the patrician Postumia gens.
knowledge. (Cic. Beut. 31, pro iluren. c. 36; Tac. 1. P. POSTUMIUS Q. F. TUBERTUS, COnsul
Ann. xvi. 22; Gell. i. 22.) Plutarch (Lucull. c. 39) B. c. 505 with M. Valerius Volusus in the fifth year
attributes to this Tubero the saying that Lucullus of the republic. Both consuls fought against the
was " Xerxes in a toga;" but this is a mistake, Sabines, over whom they gained a decisive victory
for Tubero the Stoic was a contemporary of the in the neighbourhood of Tibur, and obtained in
Gracchi and tribunus plebis in B. c. 133, the year consequence the honour of a triumph. (Liv. ii. 16;
in which Tiberius was also tribunus plebis. Lucullus Zonar. v. 37-39; Plut. Public. 20; Zonar. vii.
could not play the part of Xerxes in a toga earlier 13.) Tubertus was consul again in B. C. 503 with
than B. C. 63. In B. c. 129 Tubero failed in his Agrippa Menenius Lanatus. According to Livy
candidAteship for the praetorship, but in B c. 123 he defeated the Aurunci, and on his return trihe was praetor. Pomponius says that he was also umphed over them; but other authorities relate
consul, but it has been inferred from the passage that he again fought against the Sabines, and at
ill the Bruttus (c. 31) that he never obtained the first with bad success, but that he afterwards
consulship. He appears however to have been gained a victory over them, and on his return
consul suffectus in B. c. 118. He was an opponent celebrated the lesser triumph or ovation, which was
of C. Gracchus as well as of Tiberius, and delivered on this occasion first introduced at Rome. (Dionys.
some speeches against him B. C. 123. Tubero is v. 44-47; Zonar. vii. 13; Plin. H. N. xv. 29;
one of the speakers in Cicero's dialogue de Repub- Fasti Cap.) In B. c. 493 he was one of the ten
lica. The passages in the Pandect in which Tubero ambassadors sent by the senate to the people on
is cited do not refer to this Tubero, but to the son the Sacred Mountain. (Dionys. vi. 69.) This
of Lucius. (Cic. Brut. ed. H. Meyer, c. 31, and Tubertus was buried in the city on account of his
the note; IH. Meyer, Oratorurm Romanorzin Frag. virtues, a privilege which his posterity retained.
p. 251, 2d ed.) (Cic. de Leg. ii. 23.)
2. Q. AELIUS TUBERO, the son of Lucius 2. A. POSTUMIUS TUnERTUS, was magister
rsee above, No. 5], was born probably about B. C. equitum to the dictator Mam. Aemilius Mamerci74. When he was a young man, he made a speech nus in B. C. 433, and was himself dictator in n. C.
(B. c. 46) before C. Julius Caesar against Q. Liga- 431. The latter year was memorable in the Rorius, who was defended by Cicero in a speech man annals by the great victory which the dictator
which is extant (Pro Q. Ligario). When L. Tubero, gained on Mount Algidus over the united forces
who had been appointed governor of Africa by the of the Aequians and Volscians. This victory,
senate, attempted to land there, Ligarius, who held which is related to have been fought on the 18th
Africa in the capacity of legatus, prevented Lucius of June, decided the contest with the Aequians,
from landing with his son Quintus, who accom- who from this time forward appear as the subjects
panied him; and this was the main cause of the of Rome. According to universal tradition the
enmity of Tubero against Ligarius. The oration dictator put his son to death in this campaign,
of Tubero is mentioned by Quintilian (fn`stit. Orat. because he quitted the post in which his father
x. 1. ~ 23, xi. 1. ~ 78). After his failure on this had placed him, through his desire of fighting with
occasion Tubero applied to the study of the Jus the enemy. This story is rejected by Livy, but
Civile under Ofilius; and he obtained considerable on insufficient grounds, as Niebuhr has shown.
reputation. He had a great knowledge both of Jus Tubertus celebrated a triumph on his return to
Publicum and Privatum, and he wrote several Rome. (Liv. iv. 23, 26-29; Diod. xii. 64; Ov.
works on both these divisions of law; but he Fast. vi. 721, foll.; Plut. Camill. 2; Val. Max. ii.
affected an antiquated mode of expression, which 7. ~ 6; Gell. xvii. 21; Niebuhr, Ilist. of Rome,
made his writings less agreeable to read (Pompo- vol. ii. p. 452, foil.)
nius, Dig. 1. tit. 2. s. 2. ~ 46): from this remark TUBULUS, the name of a family of the Hosof Pomponius we may infer that Tubero's works tilia gens.
were extant when he wrote. Tubero married a 1. C. HOSTILIUS TUBULUS, praetor urbanus
daughter of Servius Sulpicius, and the daughter of B. c. 209, was stationed in Etruria in the following
Tubero was the mother of the jurist C. Cassius year (B. C. 208) as propraetor with the command
Longinus. It is uncertain if this Tubero was consul of two legions. He received orders from the senate
under Augustus B. C. 11, with P. Fabius Maximus, to keep an especial watch upon Arretiumn, which
for his consulship is not mentioned by Pomponius, was suspected of an inclination to revolt to Hanbut that omission is not decisive against the evidence nibal, and he therefore took away as hostages one
of the Fasti Capitolini and Plinius (H. N. viii. hundred and twenty children of the senators of the
17). A work by Tubero, " De Officio Judicis" town. Next year (B. C. 207) Tubulus was sent
is mentioned by Gellius (xiv. 2); and another from Etruria to Tarentum, and in the course of the
"Ad C. Oppium" is mentioned by Gellius (vii. 19). same year from the latter place to Capua; but
Like his father Q. Tubero wrote a history (Liv. while marching to Capua he fell upon H-lannibal's
iv. 23; Suet. Cues. 83), but whether the quota- army, killed four thousand men, and took nine
tions of A. Gellius (vi. 3, 4) are taken from the standards. He continued in the command at Capua
history of the father or the son cannot be determined. till the end of B. C. 203. (Liv. xxvii. 6, 7, 11, 22,
Tubero the jurist, who is often cited in the Digest, 24, 35, 40, xxviii. 10, xxix. 1 3.)