A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

TROS. TRYPHIODORUS. 1177
soener, to be strangled (Dict. Cret. iv. 9), or that Astyoclie, and a grandson of Dardanus. He was
Troilus, when fleeing from Achilles, ran into married to Calirrhol, by whom he became the father
the temple of the Thymbraean Apollo, where of Ilus, Assaracus and Ganymedes, and was king of
Achilles slew him on the same spot where he Phrygia. (Hom. II. xx. 230.) The country and
himself was afterwards killed. (Tzetz. ad Lye. people of Troy derived their name from him. He
307.) [L. S.] gave up his son Ganymedes to Zeus for a present
TRO'ILUS (TpihRos), a sophist of some dis- of horses. (Paus. v. 24. ~ 1; Apollod. iii. 12. ~ 2;
tinction, who taught at Constantinople, under comp. GANYMEDES.)
Arcadius and Honorius, at the beginning of the 2. A Trojan, a son of Alastor, who was slain by
fifth century of our era, was a native of Side in Achilles. (Hom. li. xx. 462.) [L. S.]
Pamphylia. Among his disciples were Eusebius TRYPHAENA (TpSdalta). 1. Daughter of
Scholasticus, Ablabius, a Novatian bishop of Ni- Ptolemaeus VII., surnamed Energetes II., marcaea, and Silvanus, bishop of Philippopolis. He ried Antiochus VIII. (Grypus), king of Syria.
wrote, according to Suidas, A&yoL 7roAhLLKotL, and Her sister Cleopatra was married to Antiochus
seven books of letters. (Socrat. H.E. vi. 6, vii. 1, IX. (Cyzicenus). In the civil wars between
27; Suid. s. v.; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. p. Grypus and Cyzicenus, Cleopatra fell into the
140; Clinton, Fast. Romn. s. aa. 401, 408.) There power of the former, and was murdered by order
is an epigram in the Greek Anthology on the of her own sister Tryphaena. Shortly afterwards
athlete Lyron, ascribed to a grammarian Troilus, Tryphaena was taken prisoner by Cyzicenus, who
whom Schneider and Jacobs identify with the put her to death to avenge the murder of his wife.
Sophist; though Fabricius supposes the two per- (Justin. xxxix. 3, 4 )
sons to be different, without stating his reason. 2. Daughter of Ptolemaeus XI. Auletes, died
(Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. i. p. 498; Brunck, Anal. in the life-time of her father. (Porphyr. ap. Euseb.
vol. ii. p. 450; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. iii. p. p. 120.)
155, vol. xiii. p. 962.) [P. S.] TRYPHIODO'RUS (Tpvplodaopos), a Greek
TROtPHILUS (Tpd(pLos), a physician quoted grammarian, was born in Egypt. Nothing more
by Stobaeus (Flor. cii. 9), who said that lie was a is known of his personal history. All that is known
perfect physician who was able to distinguish what of the time when he lived is that he was later than
was possible from what was not. He may, perhaps, Nestor of Laranda [NESTOR], whom he imitated.
be the same person who wrote a book entitled Some place him as late as the fifth century. Of
Zvvaoywyc'Aicovuacitrwv OavuaorLwv, which is the grammatical labours of Tryphiodorus we have
quoted by Stobaeus (ibid. c. 22-24). Fabricius no records. He is known to us only as a versifier.
says (Bibl. Graec. vol. xiii. p. 439, ed. vet.) that He wrote a poem called MapaOcovaKad: another
Trophilus is also mentioned by Plutarch in his entitled Ti KaO''Iir7roSdaueiav; a third called
Salutaria Praecepta, and if this be so (for the'O5lvo'sEla XeL7roypad/uaros. This was so called,
writer has not been able to find the passage) he according to Eustathius (Proleg. ad Odyss. p. 4),
must have lived some time in or before the first because no word was admitted into it which concentury after Christ. [W. A. G.] tained the letter o. It is difficult however to
TRO'PHIMUS, a Greek statuary of the Roman conceive of the composition of an Odyssey from
period, who made an honorific statue of a Roman which the name of Odysseus must have been exmagistrate, erected by the college of Pastophori of cluded. The account of the matter given by
the town of Industria, of which the artist was a Hesychius is more probable, that from the first
citizen. The following is the inscription:- book the letter a was excluded, from the second 8,
T. GRAE. TROPHInMUS IND. FAC. and so on (Hes. s. v. NE'orop). In any case it
MUS IN. AC. must have been a miserable exercise of ingenuity.
(Maffei, Mues. YTeron. p. ccxxx. 1; R. Rochette, A fourth work of Tryphiodorus was rfapadppaaes
Lettire ai Al. Sc/sorn, pp. 419, 420, 2d ed.) [P. S.] Tve'Oulzpov WrapoAgoXv. All these, and others
TROPHON or GROPHON, is supposed to not more distinctly named, have perished. The
have been the maker of the statue of Ecphanto, only effort of the muse of Tryphiodorus which has
the daughter of Zeus, the inscription belonging to come down to us is his'IWov ahcooeLS, a poem
which we still possess, namely, the well-known consisting -of 691 lines. From the smalldimensions
Melian inscription. The last word of the inscrip- of it, it is necessarily little but a sketch. It is
tion is TPOIIHON, where it is not quite clear not, like the poem of Quintus Smyrnaeus, a conwhether the first letter is T or r, but most scholars tinuation of the Iliad; it is lan independent poem.
take it for the latter. The whole inscription runs After a brief indication of the subject, there follows
thus, when the orthography is modernized: a meagre recapitulation of some of the chief events
Ia7 AL4s'EPcaTcur, Bieat eso' a&) epls &9yaxlAa, since the death of Hector, given in the clumsiest
rol yaep E7irEuXyEvos TvoOT' e'TE AEE rpsv s V. and most confused manner, without any indication
of the mode in which they were connected together.
(WVelcker, Rhein. MUs. 1848,vol. vi.p. 383.) [P.S.] The proper subject of the poem begins with the
TROPHO'NIUS (Tpospwvlos), a son of Erginus, account of the building of the wooden horse. Tryking of Orchomenus, or of Apollo. He with his phiodorus describes minutely the painting and
brother Agamedes built the temple at Delphi and other adornments of the work, and enumerates the
the treasury of king Hyrieus in Boeotia. (Horn. heroes who took their places in it; not forgetting
Hymn. in Apoll. 296; Paus. ix. 37 and 39; Strab. to mention the ambrosial food with which Athene
ix. p. 421.) After his death he was worshipped provided them. In his account of Sinon Tryphias a hero, and had a celebrated oracle in a cave odorus agrees more with Virgil, not with Quintus,
near Lebadeia in Boeotia. (Herod. i. 46; Strab. who represents him as mutilated by the Trojans
ix. p. 414; Eurip. Ion, 300; Aristoph. NuTb. 502; before he would tell them the purpose of the wooden
comp. Dic. of Antiq. s. v. Oraculum.) [L. S.] horse. The episode of Laocoon is entirely omitted.
TROS (Tprcs). 1. A son of Erichthonius and After the horse had been brought into the temple