A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

TORQUATUS. TORQUATUS. 11G5
13. T. MANLIus ToRQrtATUS, probably a son on the breaking out of the civil war in a. c. 49. He
of No. 12, is spoken-of by Cicero in his oration for was praetor in that year, and was stationed at
Deiotarus, B. c. 45, as "optimus adolescens." He Alba with six cohorts; but on the fall of Corfiappears to be the same person as the Torquatus nium he abandoned Alba and his soldiers went
who is mentioned by Cicero two or three times in over to Caesar. He subsequently joined Pompey
his correspondence with Atticus in that year, from in Greece. In the following year (B. c. 48) he
which we learn that he was augur. He was quaes- had the command of Oricum intrusted to him, but
tor of Pansa in B. c. 43. (Cic. pro Deiot. 11, ad was obliged to surrender both himself and the town
Alt. xiii. 20, 21, xii. 17; Appian, B. C. iii. 69, to Caesar, who, with his usual magnanimity, dis76; Pseudo-Brut. ad Cic. i. 6.) missed Torquatus uninjured. Torquatus, however,
14. L. MANLIUS L. F. TORQUATUS, was consul forthwith joined Pomipey, and fought under him
a. c. 65 with L. Aurelius Cotta. Torquatus and against Caesar at Dyrrhachium (Oros. v. 15).
Cotta obtained the consulship in consequence of After the battle of Pharsalia he went to Africa,
the condemnation, on account of bribery, of P. Cor- and upon the defeat of his party in that country,
nelius Sulla and P. Autronius Paetus, who had in B. C. 46, he attempted to escape to Spain along
been already elected consuls. It is stated by Dion with Scipio and others, but was taken prisoner by
Cassius (xxxvi. 27) that Cotta and his colleague P. Sittius at Hlippo Regius and slain together with
accused the consuls elect; but it appears from his companions. (Cic. pro Sull. 1, 8, 10, 12, ad
Cicero (de Fin. ii. 19, pro Sull. 17, 18) that this Att. iv. 16. ~ 11, ad Q. Fr. iii. 3. ~ 2, ad Alt. vii.
is a mistake, and that it was the younger Tor- 12, 23, ix. 8; Caes. B. C. i. 24, iii. 11; Hirt. B.
quatus [No.15] who brought the accusation againlst Af. 96; Oros. vi. 16, where he is erroneously
Sulla and Paetus. Before Torquatus and Cotta called Titus.) Torquatus was well acquainted fwith
entered upon the consulship, the first Catilinarian Greek literature, and is praised by Cicero as a imans
conspiracy, as it is called, was formed, in which well trained in every kind of learning. Although he
Silla and Paetus are said to have united with expressed himself with elegance and force, he was
Catiline for the purpose of assassinating the con- not much of an orator. He belonged to the Epicurean
suls on the 1st of January. This conspiracy, how- school of philosophy, of which lie was one of the
ever, failed. At this time and during his consulship most distinguished disciples at that time at Rome
Torquatus was in close connection with Hortensius, and he is introduced by Cicero as the advocate of
and he did not consult Cicero on any matters, that school in his dialogue De Finibits, the first book
although the latter was then praetor, and was very of which is called Torquatus in Cicero's letters to
intimate with the younger Torquatus. (Cic. pro Atticus. (Cic. Brut. 76, de Fin. i. 5, ad Att. xiii.
Sell. 4.) Notwithstanding this attempt upon his 5, 19, 32.)
life, Torquatus defended Catiline in the course of 16. MANLIUS TORQUATUS, the legatus of Pomthe same year when he was accused of extortion pey in the war against the pirates in B. c. 67 (Ap(de repetzundis) in his province. After his consul- pian, A/it/hr. 95), was probablly the same as one of
ship Torquatus obtained the province of Macedonia, the preceding persons, but we have no means of
where he performed some exploits; in consequence determining which.
of which the senate, upon the motion of Cicero, 17. ToRQUATUS, to whom Horace addresses two
conferred upon him the title of imperator. Durilg of his poems (Carrm. iv. 7, Sat. i. 5), probably did
Cicero's consulship, B. c. 63, he took an active part not belong to the Manlia gens, but was the samne
in suppressing the Catilinarian conspiracy, although person as C. Nonius Asprenas. [NoNius, No. 8.]
lie was then out of health. Ile also supported There are several coins bearing the name of L.
Cicero, when he was banished in B.C. 58, and Manlius Torquatus, who was the proquaestor of
interceded in vain on his behalf with the consul Sulla, as we learn from one of the coins. The spePiso. Ile is not mentioned agaiIn, and probably cimen annexed has on the obverse the head of
died soon afterwards. Cicero speaks of him (Brut. Rome, encircled with a torques or chain [see No.
68) as " elegans in dicendo, in existimando admo- 1], and on the reverse a man riding a horse at fill
dum prudens, toto genere perurbanus;" and as he gallop, with the legend L. TORQVA. (Q.) Ex s. c.
belonged to the aristocratical party, the orator (Eckhel, vol. v. p. 244.)
praises his gravitas, sanctitas, and constantia. (Dion
Cass. xxxvi. 27; Sail. CaOt. 18; Liv. Epit. 101
Cic. de Div. i. 12, de Leq. Agr. ii. 17, pro Sull. 4,
10, 12, 29, ad Att. xii. 21, in Pison. 19, 20, 31.)
15. L. MANLIUS TORQUATUS, son of No. 13,
accused of bribery, in B. c. 66, the consuls elect, P.
Cornelius Sulla and P. Autronius Paetus, as is related above, and tlhs secured the consulship for hi,
father. He was closely connected with Cicero
during the praetorship (B. c. 65) and consulship
(B. c. 63) of the latter. In B. C. 62 he brought a COIN OF L. M-ANLIUS TORQUATUS.
second accusation against P. Sulla, whom he now
charged with having been a party to both of Cati- TORQUA'TUS, NO'NIUS ASPRE'NAS.
line's conspiracies. Sulla was defended by Hor- [NoNIUS, No. 8.]
tensius and by Cicero in a speech which is still TORQUA'TUS, NOVE'LLIUS, of Medioextant, and through the eloquence of his advocates, lanum (Milan), lived in the reign of Claudius, and
and the support of the aristocratical party, he oh- obtained the surname of Triconzius by drinking
tained a verdict in his fiavour. In a. c. 54 Tor. three congii of wine at once, that is, nearly eighteen
quatus defended Gabinius when he was accused by English pints! (Plin. L. NV. xiv. 22. s. 28.)
Silila. Torqluatus, like his father, belonged to the TORQUA TUS SILA'NUS. [SILANUS, Nos,
aristocratical party, and accordinlgly opposed Caesar 14, 1 5.1