A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

TORQUATUS. TORQUATUS. 1163
TORQUA'TUS, C. BELLI'CIU S, consul under one of the consules suffecti, as his name does not
ITadrian in A. D. 143 with Ti. Claudius Atticus occur in the Fasti. (Lamprid. Conn2ood. 7.)
Ilerodes. (Fasti) TORQUA'TUS, MA'NLIUS. The Torquati
TORQUA'TUS, JU'NIUS. [SILANUS.] were a patrician family of the Manlia Gens. Their
TORQUA'TUS, LUCEIUS, a man of consular descent is given in the following genealogical table,
rank, slain by Commodus. He must have been which is to some extent conjectural.
STEMMA MANLIORUM TORQUATORUM.
L. Manlius Capitolinus Imperiosus, diet. B. C. 363.
1. T. Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus, diet. B. c. 353, 349, cos. B. C. 344, 340.
2. T. Manlius Torquatus, slain by his father.
3. T. Torquatus. cos. B. c. 299. 4. L. Torquatus, legatus, n. c. 295.
5. A. Torquatus Atticus, cos. B. C. 244, 241. 6. T. Torquatus, cos. 235, 224, diet. B. C. 208.
7. A. Torquatus.
8. T. Torquatus, cos. n. c. 165. 9. A. Torquatus, cos. B. C. 164,
10. A. Torquatus, propr. B.C. 70. 12. T. Torquatus. 14. L. Torquatus, cos. B. C. 65.
11. A. Torquatus, pr. B. C. 52. 13. T. Torquatus, 15. L. Torquatus, pr. B. c. 49,
quaest. B. C. 43. slain B. C. 46.
1. T. MANLIUS L. F. A. N. ImPERiOSUS TOR- Gaul, who had stepped out of the ranks and chalQUATUS, the son of L. Manlius Capitolinus Impe- lenged a Roman to fight him. From the dead body
riosus, dictator in B. C. 363, was a favourite hero of the barbarian he took the chain (torques) which
of Roman story. He possessed the characteristic had adorned him, and placed it around his own neck;
virtues of the old Romans, being a brave man, an his comrades in their rude songs gave him the surobedient son, and a severe father; and he never name of Torquatus, which he continued ever afterallowed the feelings of nature or friendship to wards to bear, and which he handed down to his
interfere with what he deemed his duty to his descendants. His fame became so great that he
country. Manlius is said to have been dull of was appointed dictator in B. C. 353, before he had
mlind in his youth, and was brought up by his held the consulship, in order to carry on the war
fhlther in the closest retirement in the country. against the Caerites and the Etruscans. In B. C.
The tribune M. Pomponius availed himself of the 349 he was again raised to the dictatorship for the
latter circumstance, when he accused the elder purpose of holding the comitia. Two years afterManlius in B. C. 362, on account of the cruelties he wards, B. C. 347, he was consul for the first time
had practised in his dictatorship in the preceding with C. Plautius Venno Hypsaeus; during which
year, to excite an odium against him, by represent- year nothing of importance occurred, except the
ing him at the same time as a cruel and tyrannical enactment of a law de, fenore. He was consul a
father. As soon as the younger Manlius heard of second time in B. C. 344 with C. Marcius Rutilus,
this, he hurried to Rome, obtained admission to and a third time in B. c. 340 with P. Decius Mlus.
Pomponius early in the morning, and compelled In his third consulship Torquatus and his colleague
the tribune, by threatening him with instant death gained the great victory over the Latins at the foot
if he did not take the oath, to swear that he would of Vesuvius, which established for ever the sudrop the accusation against his father. Although premacy of Rome over Latium. An account of
the elder Manlius was no favourite with the people, this battle, which was mainly won by the selfand had received the surname Imperiosus on ac- sacrifice of Decius Mus, has been given elsewhere.
count of his haughtiness, yet they were so delighted [Mus, No. 1.] The s name of Torquatus has bewith the filial affection of the younger Manlius, come chiefly memorable in connection with this
that they not only forgave his violence to the tri- war on account of the execution of his son. Shortly
bune but elected him one of the tribunes of the before the battle, when the two armies were ensoldiers in the course of the same year. In the camped opposite to one another, the consuls pubfollowing year, B. c. 361, according to Livy, though lished a proclamation that no Roman should engage
other accounts give different years, Manlius served in single combat with a Latin on pain of death.
under the dictator T. Quintius Pennus in the war Notwithstanding this proclamation, the young Managainst the Gauls, and in this campaign earned lius, the son of the consul, provoked by the insults
lllmortal glory by slayinlg in single combat a gigantic of a Tusculan inoble of the nalme of Mettius Gen!i