A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

1132 TIMAGENIDAS. TIMANTHES.
Controv. 34; L. Senec. de Ira, iii. 23, Ep. 91.) ried them off to Corinth, and there put them to
Plutarch also tells us (De Adulatore et Amico, c. 27, death without any judicial ceremony. (Herod. ix.
p. 68, b), that Timagenes lost the friendship of 38, 86-88; Paus. vii. 10.) [E. E.]
Augustus by an imprudent use of his tongue. TIMA'GORAS (TLua'yyopas), historical. 1. A
By putting together the accounts of Suidas and Tegean, was one of the ambassadors who were
the Senecas, we obtain the following particulars sent, in B. c. 430, to ask the king of Persia to
respecting the life of Timagenes. He was a native aid the Peloponnesians against Athens. On their
of Alexandria, from which place he was carried as way through Thrace they were seized by SADOCUS
a prisoner to Rome, where he was first employed at the instigation of the Athenian envoys at the
as a slave in menial offices, but being liberated by court of Sitalces, and, having been taken to Athens,
Faustus Sulla, the son of the dictator, he opened a were there put to death. (Thuc. ii. 67.)
school of rhetoric, in which he taught with great 2. A citizen of Cyzicus, and son of Athenagoras.
reputation and success. (Comp. Hor. Ep. i. 19. 15.) Having been driven into exile by his political opHis fame gained him the friendship of many dis- ponents of the democratic party, he took refuge at
tinguished men, and among others of the emperor the court of Pharnabazus, the satrap of the Persian
Augustus, who induced him to write a history of provinces near the Hellespont, by whom he was
his exploits. But having offended Augustus by sent to Lacedaemon, in B. C. 412, to urge that a
sarcastic remarks upon his family, he was forbidden fleet should be despatched to support the Greek
the palace; whereupon he burnt his historical works, cities in his satrapy in their intended revolt from
gave up his rhetorical school, and retired from Athens. (Thuc. viii. 6, 39.) [PHARNABAZUS,
Rome to the house of his friend Asinius Pollio at No. 2.]
Tusculum. After he had discontinued writing a 3. An Athenian, was the colleague of Leon as
long while, he resumed his pen (Quintil. x. 1), ambassador from Athens, in B. C. 367, to the Perand composed those historical works upon which sian court. [LEON, No. 6.] In this mission he
his fame was founded. How long he resided at spent four years, and had the address to adapt his
Tusculum we do not know, nor the reason for conduct to what he perceived to be the king's inwhich he quitted this retreat, but he afterwards clination, separating himself altogether from Leon,
went to the East, and died at Dabanum in Meso- and taking part with Pelopidas, the Theban envoy.
potamia. It is probable that it was from the place His supple compliance and his treachery in revealof his death that he was called the Syrian by the ing state-secrets purchased for him the bounty of
author of the treatise de Fluviis (c. 6). The works Artaxerxes, but on his return home he was imof Timagenes mentioned by ancient writers are, 1. peached by Leon, and put to death. (Xen. Hell.
lEpitrhovs. (Suidas, s. v. Tl.uaye'vyrs.) It is pro- vii. 1. ~~ 33, &c.; Plut. Astax. 22, Pelop. 30;
bably from this work that Strabo quotes (xv. p. Demosth. de Fals. Leg. pp. 383, 400; Ath. ii. p. 48,
711). 2. IplE /aao-tAe'wv, appears to have contained d, e; Val. Max. vi. 3, ext. 2.) Athenaeus (I. c.)
a history of Alexander the Great and his successors. speaks of a Cretan, called Timagoras, who also
(Steph. Byz. s. v. MtA6aLt; Curt. ix. 5. ~ 21; Joseph. enjoyed the Persian king's favour and was a disc. Apion. ii. 6; Plut. Pomp. c. 49). 3. On the tinct person from the Athenian of the same name.
Gauls (Plut. 1. c.; Strab. iv. p. 188; Amm. Marc. See, however, Casaub. ad loc.
xv. 9. ~ 2.) (Bonamy, Recherches sur l'historicn 4. A Rhodian, was placed in command of five
Timzagene, in the Menm. de l'Academie des Insc-. ships, which his countrymen sent to Chalcis, in
vol. xiii. p. 35, foll.; Schwab, Disputatio de Livio.et B. C.] 71, to co-operate with C. Lucretius in the
Tismagene, historiarum scriptoribus, aemulis, Stuttg. war with Perseus. (Polyb. xxvii. 6.)
1834; Vossius, De Histoelcis Graecis, p. 195, foll., 5. In the same passage of Polybius it is stated
ed. Westermann, who makes the rhetorician, the that, while these five ships sailed to Chalcis, one
historian and the Syrian three distinct persons; more was sent to Tenedus under a commander also
Clinton, Fast. Hellen. vol. iii. p. 624, who supposes named Timagoras, who fell in with and captured
the rhetorician and the historian to be two distinct the crew of a ship which was conveying Diophanes
persons, but makes the Syrian the same as the on an embassy from Perseus to Antiochus Epihistorian.) phanes. Diophanes himself escaped. [E. E.]
TIMAGE'NIDAS or TIMAGE'NIDES (Ti- TIMA'GORAS (TtLaydpas), of Chalcis, a
uayisvas, TiuaayevlJse), a Theban, son of Herpys, painter, contemporary with Panaenus, whom he
was one of the principal adherents of the Persian defeated in a contest for the prize of painting, at
cause in the invasion of Xerxes. Shortly before the Pythian games. Timagoras afterwards celethe battle of Plataea, Timagenides advised Mardo- brated his victory in a poem. (Plin. H. N. xxxv.
nius to occupy the passes of Cithaeron, and so to 9. s. 35.) [P. S.]
intercept the re-inforcements and supplies which TIMANDRA (Tcizdvspa), a daughter of Tyndawere coming in through them to the enemy. The reus and Leda, and the wife of Echemus, by whom
advice was taken, and the Persians succeeded in she became the mother of Euandrus. (Apollod.
cutting off a convoy of provisions with 500 beasts iii. 10. ~ 6; Paus. viii. 5. ~ 1; Serv. ad Aen. viii.
of burden. After their victory at Plataea the 130.) Another mythical personage of this name
Greeks advanced against Thebes, and demanded is mentioned by Antonius Liberalis (5). [L. S.]
that the chief traitors to the national cause, Tima- TIMANTHES (TluAcdv'Os), an athlete of Cleogenides among the number, should be given up to nae. Pausanias relates of him that, when he had
them. The Thebans at first refused in spite of ceased to be a competitor at the games, he used
the ravages which their land suffered, but at length still to make daily trial of his strength by bending
they consented at the instigation of Timagenides a huge bow. At length, however, having been
himself. It appears that the culprits expected to absent for some time from his own city, he found
be brought to an open trial, at which they hoped on his return that he was no longer able to perform
to have recourse effectually to the expedient of the feat, whereupon he burnt himself to death
bribery. To prevent this, however, Pausanias car- through mortification. There was a statue of