A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

THESSALUS. THESSALUS. 1101
nected from the history of his art, and it is there- father of Pheidippus and Antiphus. (Hom. I1. ii.
fore considered unnecessary to repeat here what 679; Apollod. ii. 7. ~ 8.) [L. S.]
has already been said with sufficient fulness re- TIHESSALUS (OearaXo's), a son of Peisistraspecting him, under TRAGOEDIA, in the Dictionary tus by Timonassa. [PEISISTRATUS, pp. 172, b,
of Antiquities. ]74, a.]
2. Of Thebes, a player of the cithara, whom THE'SSALUS (OerroEaAs), an eminent tragic
Lucian mentions as a competitor at one of the actor, in the time of Alexander the Great, whose
musical contests in the Pythian games. There is especial favour he enjoyed, and whom he served,
nothing to determine his time. (Lucian. adv. In- before his accession to the throne, and afterwards
doct. 9, vol. iii. p. 108.) accompanied on his expedition into Asia. (Plut.
The scholiast on a passage in which Aris- Alex. 10, 29; Ath. xii. p. 538; Fabric. Bibl.
tophanes mentions Thespis (VTesp. 1470, comp. Graec. vol. ii. p. 325.) [P. S.]
Suid. s. v.), states that the Thespis here meant was THE'SSALUS (0eeraXds), the name of two
the citharoedic musician, not the tragic poet; but physicians: -
Bentley maintains that this is an error. (Second 1. A son of Hippocrates, brother of Dracon I.,
Dissert. on Phalaris, p. 265, or p. 190, ed. 1777.) and father of Gorgias*, Hippocrates III. (Jo.
3. A flute-player, at the court of Ptolemy, the Tzetzes, Chil. vii., Hist. 155, in Fabric. Bibl. Gr.
son of Lagus, of whom nothing is known except vol. xii. p. 682, ed. vet.; Suid. s. v.'I7rrorcpaTls;
the little anecdote in Lucian. (Prometh. 4, vol. i. Galen. Comment. in IHippocr. " De Humor." i. 1,
p. 30.) [P. S.] vol. xvi. p. 5), and Dracon II. (Suid. s.v. ApcdKov)
THE'SPIUS (o'ae7ros), a son of Erectheus, He lived in the fifth and fourth centuries B. c., and
who, according to some, founded the town of passed some of his time at the court of Archelans,
Thespiae in Boeotia. (Paus. ix. 26. ~ 4; Diod. iv. king of Macedonia, who reigned B. c. 413-399.
29; comp. Schol. ad Hom. II. ii. 948; Apollod. ii. (Galen, Comment. in Hippocr. "De Nat. 11om." i.
7. ~ 8.) His descendants are called Thespiades prooem. vol. xv. p. 12.) He was one of the found(Apollod. ii. 4. ~ 10; Senec. Here. Oet. 369), ers of the sect of the Dogmatici (Dict. of Ant.
which name is also given to the Muses. (Ov. 1iet. s. v. Dogmatici), and is several times highly
v. 31 0.) [L. S.] praised by Galen, who calls him the most eminent
THESSALONI'CE (~ere-oaovic), a Mace- of the sons of Hippocrates (Cossmment. in Hippocr.
donian princess, was a daughter of Philip, son " Epid. III." ii. prooem. vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 579),
of Amyntas, by his wife or concubine, Nice- and says that he did not alter any of his father's
sipolis of Pherae. (Athen. xiii. p. 557, c.; Paus. doctrines (Coanmment. in fIippocr. "De Nat. Hons."
ix. 7. ~ 3.) i. prooem. vol. xv. p. 12). It is supposed, howThessalonice appears to have been brought ever, that in performing the difficult task of preup by her stepmother Olympias, to whose for- paring some of the writings of Hippocrates for
tunes she attached herself when the latter re- publication after his death lie made some additions
turned to Macedonia in B. C. 317, and with whom of his own (Galen, De Dzfic. Respir. iii. 1, vol.
she took refuge in the fortress of Pydna, on the vii. p. 890, Conmcent. in Iippocr. "De Humor."
advance of Cassander. (Diod. xix. 35; Justin. i. prooem. vol. xvi. p. 4; Commnent. in Iip)pocr.
xiv. 6.) The fall of Pydna threw her into the "Epid. V~." i. prooesn. vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 796),
power of Cassander, who embraced the opportunity which were sometimes not quite worthy of that
to connect himself with the ancient royal house of honour. (Pallad. Schol. in HIippocr. "Epid. VI."
Macedonia by marrying her; and he appears to p. 3, ed. Dietz.) He was also supposed by
have studiously treated her with the respect due s(me of the ancient writers to be the author
to her illustrious birth. This may have been as of several of the works that form part of the
much owing to policy as to affection: but the mar- Hippocratic Collection, which he might have comriage appears to have been a prosperous one; she piled from notes left by his father; viz. " De
became the mother of three sons, Philip, Antipater, Humoribus" (Galen. Comment. in Hippocr. "De
and Alexander; and her husband paid her the Humor." i. prooem. vol. xvi. p. 3), "De Officina
honour of conferring her name upon the city of Medici" (id. Comment. in Iippoer. "'De OJic.
Thessalonice, which lie founded on the site of the i/lcd." i. 5, vol. xviii. pt. ii. p. 666), the first book
ancient Therma, and which soon became, as it Af the "Praedictiones" or "'Prorrhetica " (id.
continues down to the present day, one of the most Comment. in Ilippocr. " Praedict. 1." ii. 54, vol.
wealthy and populous cities of Macedonia. (Diod. xvi. p. 625), and the second, fourth, fifth, sixth,
xix. 52; Paus. viii. 7. ~ 7; Strab. vii. fr. 24, and seventh books of the " Epidemia," or " De
p. 81, ed. Kramer; Steph. Byz. s. v. ~earaoXov'iKQ.) Morbis Popularibus" (id. De Diic. Respir. ii. 8,
After the death of Cassander, Thlessalonice appears vol. vii. p. 855); but this point is considered by
to have at first retained much influence over her modern critics to be very uncertain. Among the
sons, but at length Antipater, becoming jealous of the Letters, &c. attributed to Hippocrates, there is one
superior favour which she showed to his younger which professes to be addressed by him to Thessab other Alexander, barbarously put his mother to lus (vol iii. p. 822), which contains no internal
death, B. c. 295. (Paus. ix. 7. ~ 3; Diod. xxi. marks of a spurious origin, but which is perhaps.xc. Hoesch. p. 490.) [E. H. B.] hardly likely to be authentic if all the other pieces are
THEISSALUS (~O'eaXos). 1. A son of Hae- apocryphal. There is also an oration, IIpEasevUrco's
mon, from whom Thessaly was believed to have (vol. iii. p. 831), supposed to be spoken by Thessareceived its name. (Strab. x. p. 443.)
2. A son of Jason and Medeia, and the ancestor " So it is stated by Meibomius (Comment. in
of the Thessalian race. He was educated at Co- Hippocr. " Jusjur." p. 7) and other modern authors,
rinth, and afterwards succeeded Acastus on the but the Writer has hitherto been unable to find any
throne of Iolcus. (Diod. iv. 55.) ancient author who says that Thessalus had a son
3. A son of HIeracles and Chalciope, was the named Gorgias,