A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

1094 THEOSEBIA. THIEOXOTUS.
is variously cited by the ancients under the titles epigram in the Greek Anthology upon the physic:ltl
of 4vtouovAa. Frpbs'AXaS'avspo, (Athen. vi. p. 230, Ablabius, was the sister of the philosopher Zosif.), 5,vfpovAevTtKbV 7rpbe'AXeaivapo, (Cic. ad Att. mus of Thebes, who dedicated to her his work on
xii. 40), and'E7rLaroXAt 7rpbs'AXaS'avypov (Athen. chemistry, and who appears to have lived under
xiii. p. 595). Theodosius II., about A. D. 420. (Suid. s. v.
5. KaT&s IxarcTvos 8tap~cptr (Athen. xi. p. 508, ZMo-los; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. iv. p. 497, new
c; Diog. Laert, iii. 40), was perhaps a digression ed., and vol. xii. p. 753, old ed.; Brunck, lnal.
in his Philippics; and the same appears to have vol. ii. p. 450; Jacobs, Anthl. Gruec. vol. iii. p.
been the case with his work which is cited under 156, vol. xiii. p. 961.) [P. S.]
the title of THEOSTERICTUS, a Greek monk in Bithy6. IIepI eVbOegEas (Schol. ad Aristoph. Av. 1354; nia, lived in the reigns of Michael II. Balbus
Porphyr. de Abstin. ii. 16). (A. D. 820-829) and of his son Theophilus (A. D.
The work which Anaximenes published under 829-842). He wrote the life of his master
the name of TheopomDus, in order to injure his Nicetas the Confessor, which is published by Surival, is spoken of in the life of the former. [Vol. I. rius, vol. ii. d. 3. April. (Vossius, de Hist. Graec.
p. 166, b.] p. 343, ed. Westermann; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol.
Theopompus is praised by Dionysius of Hali- xi. p. 719.)
carnassus (I. c.) as well as by other ancient writers THEOT1'MUS (~OE6srqos), a Greek writer of
for his diligence and accuracy; but he is at the unknown date, wrote upon Italy (Plut. Parall.
same time blamed by most writers for the extrava- min. c. 8), Cyrene (Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. iv. 61,
gance of his praises and censures. He is said, v. 33), and the Nile (Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. vii.
however, to have taken more pleasure in blaming 33). Athenaeus (xiii. p. 611, b.) speaks of a
than in commending; and many of his judgments stoic philosopher of the name of Theotimus, but in
respecting events and characters were expressed that passage Diotimus ought probably to be subwith such acrimony and severity that several of stituted. [DIOTIvUS, No. 5.] (Comp. Vossius,
the ancient writers speak of his malignity, and call de Hist. Grace. p. 505, ed. Westermann.)
him a reviler (Corn. Nep. Alcib. c. Ii; Clem. Alex. THEOTYCHUS. [THEODOTUS.]
i. p. 316; Lucian, Quomodo Histor. conscrib. c. 59; THEO'XENA (OEO'eeva). 1. The last wife of
Plut. Ljysand. c. 30; Polyb. viii. 12). It would Agathocles, king of Syracuse, to whom she bore
seem that the vehemence of the temper of Theo- two children. She is called by Justin an Egyptian
pompus frequently overcame his judgment, and princess, but her parentage is unknown. Droysen,
prevented him from expressing himself with the however, conjectures that she was a daughter of
calmness and impartiality of an historian. The Berenice by her first husband. According to
ancients also blame Theopompus for introducing Justin, Agaathocles, when he felt his death apinnumerable fables into his history (Cic. de Leg. i. proaching, sent away Theoxena and her two
1; Aelian, V. H. iii. 18). children to Egypt, but the whole of his narrative
The style of Theopompus was formed on the is subject to grave difficulties. (Justin. xxiii. 2
nodel of Isocrates, and possessed the charac- Droysen, Hellenismn. vol. i. pp. 560, 602.)
teristic merits and defects of his master. It was 2. A daughter of Herodicus, a noble Thessalian,
pure, clear, and elegant, but deficient in vigour, who had been put to death by Philip V. king of
loaded with ornament, and in general too artificial. Macedonia. Many years afterwards, the increasing
It is praised in high terms by Dionysius of Hali- suspicions and cruelty of that monarch having led
carnassus (I. c.), but is spoken of in very different him to contemplate the destruction of the children
language by other critics. (Longin. deSubl. c. 43; of all those whom he had previously executed,
Demetr. Phal. ireppl eppij. ~ 75; Plut. Iroaec. ger. Theoxena sought to make her escape by sea with
Reip. c. 6, p. 803, b.) her husband Poris and her two nephews, whom
The fragments of Theopompus have been pub- she had adopted; but the ship being driven back,
lished by Wichers, under the title of Tlieopomnpi in order to avoid falling into the hands of the
Chii Fragmenta, collegit, disposuit et explicavit, &c. king's emissaries, she slew her nephews with her
R. H. Eyssoniuzs Wichers, Lugd. Bat. 1829, and own hand, and then threw herself with her hulsby C. and Theod. MUller in the Fragmzenla Histo- band into the sea. (Liv. xl. 4.) [E. H. B.]
ricoroun Graecorumz, Paris, 1841. (The life of THEOXE'NIUS (OeotveorE), a surname of
Theopompus prefixed to the collections of Fragments Apollo and Hermes. (Paus. vii. 27. ~ 2; Schol.
bIy Wichers and MUller; Aschbach, Dissert. de ad Pind. 01. ix. 146, Nem. x. 32.) Respecting
T/leopomp. Francof. 1823; Pflugk, De Theopomnp. the festival of the Theoxenia, see Diet. of.A4tiq.
Vita et Scriptis, Berol. 1827; Vossius, De Historicis s. v. [ L. S.]
Graecis, p. 59, foll., ed. Westermann; Clinton, THEO'XENUS (OE4SEVos), commanded the
Fasti Hellenici, vol. ii. p. 374, foll. 2nd ed.) Achaean troops, who assisted the Rhodians in
THEOPOMPUS, artist. [THEOPROPUS.] B.C. 197. (Liv. xxxiii. 18.)
THEO'PROPITS (~earporos), a statuary of THEO'XOTUS, the maker of a very beautiful
Aegina, who made a bronze bull, which was dedi- painted vase, found at Vulci, and nbow in the colcated by the Corcyreans at Delphi, as a tithe of lection of M. Durand. It is painted black, witth
their profits from a shoal of fish, which they dis- decorations in white and violet, and bears the incovered by means of a bull, according to the story scription ~EOSOTO~ MEIIOESE, that is, EsIoriTS
related by Pausanias (x. 9. ~ 2. s. 3, 4). The /uEs e7roi'71e, according to the interpretation of De
reading of the name is doubtful: the common text Witte (Cab. Durand. No. 884), and Raoul-Rochette
has ~Eeorpo'rov, but other MSS. give OEOrpseroVs (Lettre a M. Schorn, p. 60, 2d ed.); but Panofka
and Oeo7rou7rov, the latter of which readings is prefers to read the name EeoSOIros, or its equiapproved by Schubart and WValz, and adopted by valent ~OEOt(ooros, comparing the form with' the
Thiersch. (Epochen, p. 197.) [P. S.] kindred name E)eooboTvfLss, which occurs in Plato
THEOSE'BIA (OeoUe~Ga), the writer of an and Demosthenes. (Rhcin. Mus. 1846, vol. iv.