A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

THEODOSIUS. THEODOSIUS. 1071
Theodosian Code. (Gibbon, Hist. vol. v. vi. 8vo. cient and modern. Another edition, founded on
ed.; Tillemont, Hlistoire des Emlperzeus, vol. vi.; and that of Pena, with the further aid of some MSS.
as to the Theodosian Code, Puchta, Instit. vol. i.; at Oxford, from which, however, no readings of
and Bicking. Instil. i. p. 50.) [G. L.] consequence were obtained, was published by
THEODO'SIUS III., was compelled, perhaps, Joseph Hunt, Oxon. 1707. 8vo. There are also
against his will, to be proclaimed emperor of the translations of the work into English, by Edward
East in A. D. 716, by the fleet, which also declared Sherbourne, as an appendix to his version of the
that Anastasius, his predecessor, was unfit to reign. Sp1haeica of Manilius, Lond. 1675, fol., and into
Theodosius filled the unimportant office of a col- German, by E. Nizze, whose notes are of high
lector of the revenue when he awas taken to Con- value, Stralsund, 1826, 8vo.
stantinople to be crowned Emperor of the East. His work,rep!,pLepve Kcal tVrMClv, de Diebus el
In January 716, he was proclaimed emperor, and Noctibus, was published from a -MS. in the Vatiin the following year he prudently abdicated, and can, in Latin only, with ancient Scholia, and
left the throne for Leo the Isaurian, who com- figures, by Jos. Auria, Romae, 1591, 4to.; the
manded the troops in the East. Theodosius spent propositions, without demonstrations, having been
the rest of his life in the tranquil retirement of a previously edited by Conrad Dasypodius, Argenmonastery. [G. L.] torat. 1572, 8vo. Fabricius states that the book
THEODO'SIUS, literary. 1. Of Bithynia, a Isepl oelcrcowv was also published in Latin, by Jos.
mathematician, who is referred to by Vitruvius Auria, Romae, 1587, 4to.; but the edition is not
(ix. 9. s. 8. ~ 1, Schneid.) as the inventor of a mentioned in HIoffmann's Lexicon BibliogrTaphiceum.
universal sun-dial (horologqiu7s 7rpob 7ravr KX7tAa). In the great collection of the works of the ancient
Strabo (xii. p. 566) mentions him among the emi- mathematicians, planned by Edward Bernard, after
nent natives of Bithynia, and informs us that his whose death the synopsis of the intended edition was
sons were also mathematicians. He must have published by Thomas Smith, Loend. 1704, 8vo.,
lived before the time of Augustus, and therefore he the known works of Theodosius were to have had
cannot be, as some have supposed, the same person a place in the seventh volume. There are many
-as Theodosius of Tripolis, who appears to have.MSS. of the above three works, in the principal
flourished later than the reign of Trajan. (See libraries of Europe, in Greek, Latin, and Arabic.
No. 2.) The other works of Theodosius appear to be en2. Of Tripolis, a mathematician and astronomer tirely lost. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. iv. pp. 21of some distinction, was a philosopher of the sect 23, 213; Menag. ad Diog. Laszt. ix. 70.)
of the Sceptics, or, to speak more exactly, a fol- 3. Another native of Tripolis of this name, is
lower of Pyrrhon, whose philosophy, Theodosius mentioned by Suidas (s. v.) as the author of an
himself contended, ought not properly to be called heroic poem on the Spring, and of various other
sceptical (Diog. Laert. ix. 70). Among other works works (E"ypa*ie?' ETrcv, ets Tb eap, Kal P'~epa aLdof his, Suidas (s. v.) rmentions a Commentary on q(opa). Eudocia (p. 229) identifies him with the
the IeqbduXaLa of Theudas, who appears from preceding.
another passage of Diogenes (ix. 116) to have 4. A Neo-Platonist, the disciple of Ammonits,
lived not very long before the time of Sextus Em- and the father-in-law of Zethus, the disciple of
piricus, and therefore about the reign of Trajan. Plotinus. (Porphyr. Vit. Plot. 7.)
Suidas also enumnerates osce7rrTLK KEcedXaia among 5. Of Alexandria, a grammarian, whose Comthe works of Theodosius (s. v. and also s. v. IIvp- mentary on the'Xvr/1?paoLu/a=TifK of Dionysius
pCieJos), and the samoe work is nmentioned by Thrax, as well as a work by him irepl bopov, aind
Diogenes (ix. 70). Of the ancient mathematicians, other grammatical works, and also a Commentary
Ptolemy does not refer to Theodosius, but his on Theodosius hiniself, by Georgius Chlloeroboscus,
works are quoted by Theon, in his Commentary exist in MS. in various libraries. A full account
on Ptolemy, by Pappus, in his o'vvayy-o, and by of these MSS. is given by Fabricitis and Harless
Proclus, in his Hypotyposis Astrononzica, p. 7. (Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. pp. 301, 308, 350). He is
Suidas mentions the following as his mathema- supposed to have lived about the tinme of Constantical and astronomical works: —cpaiplc' v e /3L- tine the Great. His chief grammatical work, the
AholT'pioiV,, rIepi cuspwv Kteal VVK-TCc6V 8o, U rO'- commentary on Dionysius, amplified by the addiyvl7/,a esis Tb'ApXitrioUvs'Epdo'sol, AiLaypapa's tionlS of later Byzantine grammnarians, was pubonucicv Ev,lCAlhois y','ArppohoXyiLa', IsEpl oici- lished by C. G. Gittling, under the title of Tieoaeov. Of these works, some have been printed. dosii Alexanzldini Gcralnatica, Lips. 1822, 8vo.;
The work on the Sphere, which is a treatise on the the Po'00ocU7mium having been published before in
properties of the sphere, and of the circles described Osann's Philemolzis Gsranszatici quae suoersunt,
on its surface, was first published in an ancient Latin Berol. 1821, 8vo., and a portion of the work, under
version, edited by John Vogelin, Paris, 1529, 4to.; the title of Theodori Gs'as7s7satici Alex. Canones (de
and other Latin versions were published by F. Declinutaionc VNoiizeso et Coijiqyatione Velrhorunl, by
Maurolycus, with the Sp/haerica of Menelaus, and Imm. Bekker, in the third volume of his Anecdota,
the work of Autolycus on1 the Sphere, Messanae, Berol. 1821, 8vo. (Hoffman, Lexicon BiblioqrapAh.
1558, fol.; by Jos. Auria, with Autolycus, from six Scrilpto'-. Graecorum.)
MSS. in the Vatican, 1588, 4to.; by Dr. Isaac 6. Respecting Theodosius, surnamed 6 uKcpds, a
Barrow, in his edition of Archimedes, Lound. 1675, supposed Epitomator of Dion Cassius, but appa4to.; and by And. Celsius, Upsal. 1730, 12mo. rently in fact only a copyist, see Harless's adThe first edition of the Greek text was published ditioIls to the notice of him by Fabricius. (BiGl.
by Joannes Pena, the royal mathematician of Graec. vol. v. p. 142.)
France, Bellov. 1558, 4to.: many of the demon- 7. MELITINUS, a Byzantine historian, a MS. copy
strutions, which are defective in the work of of whose CIironicon was brought from ConstanltiTheodosius, were supplied by Pena from Euclid's nople to Tiibingen by Stephen Gerlach, a fragment
Eilctzeets, and other geometrical works, both an- of which, respecting the marriage of the emperor