A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

98 PALLADIUS. PALLADIUS.
author of the Dialogue was called Palladius, thinks rhetorician Palladius, the friend of Symmachus,
he may have been the person to whom Athanasius mentioned by Sidonius Apollinaris (Symmach.
wrote in A. D. 371 or 372. 3. fHepl ranv pris'Ivsias Epistol. passim; Sidon. Epistol. lib. v. ep. 10). (FaOvv Kical'rcv Bpaypdcivwv, De Gentibus Indiae et bric. Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. p. 135, vol. x. pp. 113,716,
Bragmanibus. This work is, in several MSS., &c.; Vossins, De fIistoricis Graec. lib. iv. c. 18.)
ascribed to Palladius of Helenopolis, and in one 10. POETA. In various collections of the minor
MS. is subjoined to the Historia Lausiaca. It Latin poets is a short Lyric poem, Allegoria Orplei,
was first published with a Latin version, but with- in the same measure as Horace's ode " Solvitur acris
out the author's name, in the Liber Gnomologicus hiems," &c. Wernsdorf, who has given it in his
of Joachimus Camerarius, 8vo. Leipsic, without date, Poetae Latini Minores, vol. iii. p. 396, distinguishes
according to Fabricius, but placed by Niceron (Me- (ibid. p. 342, &c.) the author of it from Palladius
noires,vol. xix. p.112),in 1571. It was againprinted, Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus, the writer on Agriand this time under the name of Palladius, together culture; and is disposed to identify him with
with " S. Ambrosius De Moribus Brachmanorum," the rhetorician Palladius who lived in the reign
and" Anonymus, De Bragmanibus" by Sir Edward of Theodosius the Great, and to- whom many
Bisse (Bissaeus), Clarenceux King of Arms, 4to., of the letters of Symmachus are ad4iressed. He
London, 1665. Some copies were printed on large thinks that he may perhaps be the Palladius to
paper in folio. The editor was evidently ignorant whom his father, Julius Nicephorus, erected a moof the work having been published by Camerarius, nument, with the inscription, given by Gruter and
and consequently gave a new Latin version, which is others -
not considered equal to that of his predecessor. The Ut te, Palladi, raptum flevere Canoenae,
authorship of Palladius is doubted by Cave, and de- Fleverunt populi, quos continet Ostia dia."
nied by Oudin. Lambecius (DeBiblioth. Caesaraea,
vol. v. p. 181, ed. Kollar) ascribes the work to Pal- If these conjectures are well founded, it may be
ladins of Methone. [No. 9.] All that can be gathered that Palladius was the son of a rhetorician,
gathered from the work itself, is that the author or at least sprung from a family which had prowas a Christian (passim), and lived while the Ro- duced some rhetoricians of eminence; that he was
man empire was yet in existence (p. 7, ed. Biss.), originally himself a rhetorician, but had been called
a mark of time, however, of little value, as the to engage in public life, and held the praefecture or
Byzantine empire retained to the last the name of some other office in the town and port of Ostia. He
Romlan; and that he visited the nearest parts of is perhaps also the Palladius mentioned by Sidonius
India in company with Moses, bishop of Adula, a Apollinaris (lib. v. Epist. 10). Wernsdorf also idenplace on the borders of Egypt and Aethiopia. If tifies him with the Palladius " Poeta Scholasticus,"
this be the Moses mentioned by Socrates (H. E. several of whose verses are given in the Anthologia
iv. 36) and Sozomen (H. E. vi. 38), he lived rather of Burmann: viz. Epitaphliun Ciceronis, lib. v. ii.
too early for Palladius of Helenopolis to have been 161, A rgumentum in Aeneidos ii. 19, Epitaphiia
his companion, nor is there any reason to suppose Virgilii, ii. 197, 198, De Ratione Fabulae, iii. 75,
that the latter ever visited India, so that, the work De Ortu Solis, v. 7, De ride, v. 25, De Signis CoeDe Gentibus Indiae is probably ascribed to him lestibus, v. 31, De Quatuor Tem7pestatibus, v..58, De
without reason. The supposed work of St. Am- Amone CGlacie Concreto, v. 97. (Burmann, Antholog.
brose, published by Bisse, is repudiated by the Latina, UI. cc.; Wernsdorf, Poetae Latini liinores,
Benedictine editors of that father, and has been Ui. cc.; Fabricius, Bibl. Mled. et Infiin. Latinit. vol. v.
shown by Kollar to be a free translation of the p. 191, ed. Mansi.)
work ascribed to Palladius. (Cave, Hist. Litt. ad 11. RHETOR. [No. 9, 10.]
ann. 401, vol. i. p. 376, fol. Oxford, 1740-43; 12. RUTILIUS TAURUS AEMILIANUS, a writer
Fabricius, Bibl. Graec. vol. i. p. 727, vol. viii. on agriculture. [See below.]
p. 456, vol. x. p. 98, &c.; Oudin, Comment. de 13. SCOTORITM EPIscoPus. In the C'ironicon
Scriptor. Eccles. vol. i. col. 908, &c.; Tillenlont, of Prosper Aquitanus, under the consulship of
Ml/inoires, vol. xi. p.. 500, &c.; Vossius, De Histo- Bassus and Antiochus (A. D. 431), this passage ocricis Graecis, lib. ii. c. 19.) curs, " Ad Scotos in Christum credentes ordinatur
8. IATROSOPHISTA, of Alexandria. [See above.] a papa Coelestino Palladius, et primus episcopus
9. Of METHONE, a sophist or rhetorician, was mittitur." In another work of the same writer
the son of Palladius, and lived in the reign of Con- (Contra Collatorem, c. 21, ~ 2), speaking of Coelesstantine the Great. He wrote, (1) Ilep'rcv 7rapdI tine's exertions to repress the doctrines of Pe-'PwoIatots Eop-rcs, De Roinanorumn Festis; (2.) Ala- lagins, he says, " Ordinato Scotis episcopo, dum
Ah4ets, Disputationes; and (3.) Ao'yotl adqpopoi, Romanam insulam studet servare Catholicam,'OAuhv7rmaKo', 7ramlyvpcs, mlKcamKos, Orationes Di- fecit etiam barbaram Christianam." (Opera, col.
versae, Olyminpiaca, anegyrica, Judicialis (Suidas, 363, ed. Paris, 1711.) To these meagre notices,
s. vo. rlaA.da3los; Eudocia'Ivemd, Violetum, s. v. nla- the only ones found in contenmporary writers (unAh8dos 6'Pjrwcp, apud Villoison, Anecdot. Graec. less, with some, we refer to the conversion of the
p. 352). It is probable that what Suidas and Eudocia Scoti the lines of Prosper De In.gratis, vss. 330describe as Orationes Diversae are the MeXiraTL ad- 332), the chroniclers and historians of the middle
eopop, Exercitationes Diversae, which Photius (Bibl. ages have added a variety of contradictory particodd. 132-135) had read, and which he describes culars, so that it is difficult, indeed impossible, to
as far superior in every respect to those of the rhe- extract the true facts of Palladius' history. It has
toricians Aphthonius (APHTHONIus], Eusebius, been a matter of fierce dispute between the Irish
and Maximus, of Alexandria. Lanibecius ascribed, and the Scots, to which of them Palladius was
but without reason, to this Palladius the work De sent; but the usage of the word "Scoti," in
Gentibus Indiae, &c., published under the name of Prosper's time, and the distinction drawn by him
Palladius of Helenopolis [No. 7]. This Palladius between " insulam Romanam " and " insulam barof Methone must not be confounded with the Latin baram," seem to determine the question in favour