A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

THEODORUS. THEODORUS. 1055
of John, and the Epistle of Jude). Fragments of century. On entering upon the monastic life he
these commentaries are preserved in the Acta of received the name of Hilarion. He was held in
the fifth Council and elsewhere. His commentaries great repute by his contemporaries as a scholar and
on the Twelve Minor Prophets are said to be still philosopher, and received the appellation of Kvpds
extant. Those on Jonah, Obadiah, Nahum, and (equivalent to Kcptos in the Greek of the Middle
the prefaces to those on Amos, Zachariah, Haggai Ages). He wrote upon a variety of subjects,and Hosea, were published by Angelo Mai (Script. philosophy, grammar, theology, history, and astroveterum nova Collect. vol. i. sect. ii. p. 41-104). nomy, and in particular was a somewhat prolific
The fragments of the commentary on Luke, pre- poet. Several of his compositions have come down
served in the Catenae, were published by Miinter to us, and some have been published. The following
(1788). Photius (Cod. 381) mentions Theodorus's are extant: 1. A metrical romance in nine books,
Ep/n71vEla'rTrS cTSc'EWS, fragments of which are on the loves of Rhodanthe and Dosicles. It is
extant. 8. A work on the Nicene creed is quoted written in iambic metre, and exhibits no great
in the Acta of the fifth council (Collat. iv. p. 81). ability. The reader would look in vain for any
9. A treatise addressed to candidates for baptism thing like a natural progress in the action, or unity
(Ibid.). 10. A confession of faith is extant (Act. in the characters. Not only are we introduced at
VI. Concil. Ephes. tom. i. p. 1515, ed. Hard.) which once in medias res, but instead of narrating on
is by some ascribed to Theodorus, by others to suitable opportunities what had preceded, Dosicles
Nestorius. 11. A work against the allegorical is made to tell what had gone before, beginning at
interpretation of Scripture is mentioned by Ebed the end, and interweaving the preceding parts of
Jesu and Facundus (iii. 6). 12. Theodorus also the narrative into his story. There is only one
compiled a liturgy, which was adopted by the edition of this poem, by Gilb. Gaulmin. (Paris,
Nestorians. 13. A few other treatises are men- 1625.) Poor as the poem is, however, it found an
tioned by Ebed Jesu. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. x. imitator. There is extant an iambic poem, also in
p. 346, &c.; Neander, Allqemeine Geschichte der nine books, on the loves of Drosilla and Charicles,
Christlichen Religion und Kirche, vol. ii. Abt. ii. by Nicetas Eugenianus, which has been erroneously
and iii.) ascribed to Theodorus Prodromus. 2. A poemn
57. NEOCAESARIENSIS. [GREGORIUS THAUMA- entitled Galeomyomachia, in iambic verse, on "the
TIJRGUS.] battle of the mice and cat," in imitation of the
58. Son of THEoDoRvs, bishop of Jerusalem, Homeric Batrachomyomachia. Victory declares
was pope from Nov. 3, A. D. 642, to April 20, itself on the side of the mice, the cat being killed
A. aD. 649. There is still extant a letter addressed by the fall of a beam. This piece is often appended
by him to Paulus, Patriarch of Constantinople, in to the editions of Aesop and Babrius. It has also
the matter of one Pyrrhus, a Monothelite; and been edited by K. D. Ilgen, in connection with
likewise a letter addressed to the bishops who con- the Homeric hymns. (Halle, 1796.) 3.'H a7rcX0S uos
secrated Paulus. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. x. p. 427, LA(ia, a poem in iambic senarii. Friendship relates
vol. xii. p. 707). how Human Life, to whom she had been married,
59. PATRIARCHA. [No. 26.] had repudiated her by the advice of his slave Folly,
60. Of PERINTHUS. [No. 42.] and given his hand to Enmity. After a long con61. Bishop of PETRA in Galilee, flourished in versation, depicting the operation of Friendship in
the sixth century, and was the author of a life of the world, the upshot is that Friendship marries
the archimandrite Theodosius, whose disciple he the stranger to whom her narrative is addressed.
was. His Canonicon also is quoted by Nic. Comn- This dialogue, with the translation of Conrad
nenus. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. x. pp. 337, 428.) Gesner, has frequently been appended to the
62. PHARANITES, bishop of Pharan, belonged editions of Stobaeus. A separate edition was pubto the Monothelite party. He was one of those lished by J. F. Morel. (Paris, 1549.) It is also
condemned by the sixth oecumenical council, held edited by Honter and Guntius in the collection of
at Constantinople. We find ascribed to him a the epigrams of' Theodorus (Basel, 1536), and
treatise 7rept oberaia Kai cpdewso, v7rorT'dEwd's'-E Ksai by J. Erard, with some other small poems by the
7rpoao57rov, a hAoyors rpbs:E4pyovs, and another same author. (Leipzig, 1598.) 4. A poem of
ELs'ras Ep7lveas'ir- 7raTpIcWoV Xpipeov, some above 1000 lines, divided into two books, in
fragments of which remain. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. which Theodorus complains to the emperor Manuel
vol. x. p. 428.) Comnenus (who reigned from 1143 to 1180) of
63. PRODROMUS. There were two of this name. his extreme poverty, and begs him to withdraw
1. A writer on canonical law, whose 4ir4yos-L of him from the misery which he had to endure in
the canons of the councils is repeatedly quoted by his convent, while those placed over him indulged
Nic. Comnenus and others. Nothing is known of in debaucheries. About forty lines at the behis personal history, but that he seems to have ginning and end of each book are written in old
lived a long time before Balsamo. (Fabric. Bibl. Greek, the remainder in a dialect resembling the
Graec. vol. x. p. 428, vol. xii. p. 206.) There is some modern Greek. The poem has been published by
confusion in the notices contained in Fabricius. In Koray, in the first volume of the Atakta (Paris,
vol. x. p. 429, and vol. xii. p. 206, he speaks of 1828). 5.'Ajuapav'os, X ye'poYTios Ep0wTe, a diathis Prodromus as'ibv icv leEPV icavJvev rpcoT0o logue in prose, published by Gaulmin, together
aaplPvtvfaTr', and as the author of an exposition of with No. 1, and also by De la Porte du Theil
the canones or hymns appropriated to the dominical (Notices et Extraits, vol. viii. 1810). 6. A Disfestivals; while in vol. viii. p. 142, note h, that sertation on Wisdom, being an invective against
work is assigned to'the following Theodorus the sayingj' ireV'7l aooplv EAaXeo, published by
Prodromus. F. Morell. (Paris, 1608.) 7. Epigrammata, de64. PRODRoMUS (2), or, as he is sometimes scribed more filly as T'rpaortXa laIlCeta Kai'lpoa
called in the MSS., Theodorus Ptochoprodromus, a si Ta'n KEpahataoowcs prOelv'ra E'd ti'ypapip, consisting
monk who lived in the first half of the twelfth of poetical summaries of the subject-matter of the