A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

1050 THEODORUS. THEODORUS.
refers to the minute subdivisions of an oration depose the young emperor, and confer the purple
mentioned by Theodore (comp. Rufinus, De Com- on Leo, were defeated by the vigilance of Theopositione et Metris Oratorum). Cicero (Brut. c. 12) dore, who prevailed on the emperor to summon to
describes him as excelling rather in the theory his assistance Romanus, afterwards colleague ot
than the practice of his art, " in arte subtilior, in Constantine in the empire; who, probably, from
orationibus autem jejunior." He was apparently finding Theodore's fidelity an obstacle to his adcontemporary with Plato. Dionysius of Halicar- vancement, caused him and his brother Simeon to
nassus (De Antiq. Oratorib.; de Isaeo, c. 19) speaks be banished from Constantinople to their estates
of him as antiquated, careless and superficial. He in the Opsician thema, on the Asiatic side of the
is cursorily noticed by Quintilian (Institut. Orat. Bosporus. (Leo Grammaticus, Chronog. pp. 492iii. 1) and Diogenes Lairtius (ii. 104). Suidas 496, ed. Paris; Theoph. Continuat. lib. vi. De
(s. v.) says he wrote KaTa'Avaocidov, iontra Constant. Porphyrog. cc. 11 —16; Sym. Magist. De
Andocitdem, KaT& OpanvcoiAov, Contra Thrasy- Constant. Porphyrog. cc. 12-16; Georg. Monach.
bulum, and some other pieces, which are all now De Constant. Porphyrog. cc. 20-34; Zonaras,.4nlost. (Diogenes Lairtius says (I. c.) there was nales, xvi. 17; Cedrenus, Compend. pp. 614-619,
another sophist Theodore, but does not mention ed. Paris, vol. ii. pp. 289-296, ed. Bonn.) To this
whether he was a Byzantine or not. Fabric. Bibl. Theodore Lambecius ascribes the authorship of five
Graec. vol. vi. p. 139, vol. x. p. 382.) Adyos, Orationes, extant in MS. in the Imperial Li18. Of BYZANTIUM (2), styled DIACONUS et brary at Vienna. (Lambec. Commentar. de Bibliotlh.
RHETOR, a Monothelite of the time of Maximus Caesaraea, lib. s. vol. iv. col. 22, &c., ed. Kollar,
the Confessor [MAxIMus CONFESSOR]. He was which he intended to publish. He has given some
Synodicarius (or representative in some synod) of extracts. (Lambec. vol. iii. p. 147, and 1. c.; Cave,
Paul, patriarch of Constantinople, an appointment Hist. Litt. ad ann. 920, vol. ii. p. 93; Oudin, De
which indicates the esteem in which he was held. Script. Eccles. vol. ii. col. 428; Fabric. Bibl. Graec.
Ile was the author of two brief'Awoptia, Dubita- vol. x. p. 384.)
tiones, which, with the'E7rLAaELs,'Solutiones, of 26. Of CONSTANTINOPLE (1-2). The list of
Maximus, are given by Combdfis in his edition of Patriarchs of Constantinople comprehends two
the works of that father. (Vol. ii. p. 116, &c. fol. Theodores: Theodore I., from A. n.'676 to 678,
Paris, 1675.) when he was deposed, on what account is not
19. Of CARA. [No. 2.] known. But on the death of George, who had
20. Of CARIA, one of the supporters of Photius been appointed to succeed him, he recovered his
[PHOTIUS, No. 3] in his contest with Ignatius patriarchate, which he held only for a short time,
LIGNATIUS, No. 3] for the patriarchate of Con- probably from A.D. 683 to 686. Theodore II. was
stantinople, in the ninth century.' He is noticed surnamed Irenicus or Copas; he had previously
here only to guard against his being confounded, held the office of Summus Philosophorum, "TraTos
as he has been by some writers, with Theodore Trc' (ptoao'ov, and Chartophylax of the Great
Abucara [No. 2]. Church at Constantinople; and was patriarch for
21. Of CHIOs, a Stoic philosopher mentioned by sixteen months only, A. D. 1213-1215, while
Diogenes Laiirtius (ii. 104). Constantinople was in the hands of the Latin in22. COETONITA, a Greek Hymnographer, who vaders. (Le Quien, Oriens Ctristianus, vol. i.
wrote Canon in Joannonz Euchaitorum Episcopumn col. 232, 233, 277.)
cognonmento Mauropodemn [JOANNES, No. 58], of 27. CRONUS; more correctly Diodorus Cronus.
which Allatius (Contra flottinger. p. 180) makes [DIODORUs, literary, No. 6.]
some extracts. As Joannes lived in the middle of 28. CUTULA (O KovrcaAa), the contemporary
the eleventh century, and the Canon of Theodere and friend of Nicephorus Gregoras, the Byzantine
was written on occasion of his death, we are en- historian [GREGORAS, NICEPHORUS], and writer
abled to fix the time at which Theodore lived. of a commendatory letter to Nicephorus, which is
23. Of COLOPHON, a Greek poet of unknown given by Boivin among the Elogia prefixed to his
age, author of a song entitled AMrTs," the wander- first volume of his edition of the works of that
ing," because sung at the Athenian festival called historian, fol. Paris, 1702. It is reprinted in
xsl7rTs or asiCpai, instituted in commemoration of Schopen's edition (2 vols. 8vo. Bonn, 1829-30),
the wandering of Erigone, in search of her father vol. i. col. lxxxviii. Comp. Fabric. Bibl. Gracec.
Icarius. (Pollux iv. 7. ~ 55.) [IcARIus] Aris- vol. vii. p. 655, vol. x. p. 385.
totle, in his account of the constitution of Colophon 29. Of CvNOPOLos, a Greek rhetorician of un(EV T7r KoApo0wvLoi 7roAeTLqa, apud Athen. xiv. p. certain date. Allatius published under his name
618) mentions a tradition that Theodore was a an Ethopoeia ('Horotta). The piece was, however,
self-indulgent, luxurious person, which he thinks published by Gale among the Ethopoeiae of Seis apparent also from his poetry; and states that verus [SRVERUS], to whom it is also assigned by
he perished by violence. Walz. (Gale, Rhetores Selecti, 8vo. Oxon. 1676, p.
24. The COMEDIAN (6 cwUwcKOs), mentioned by 219; Allatius, Ewempla Varia Graecor. Rhetor. ac
Hesychius as being surnamed, or rather nicknamed Sophistarum, 8vo. Rome, 1641, p. 235; Walz,
oreeAsOd6a, " dung-diver." According to some Rhetores Graeci, vol. i. p. 540, Stuttgard, 1832.)
accounts he was a poet. Nothing is known of his 30. CYNULCvs (6 KivovuAtos), one of the
time or country. (Hesych. s. v. IleAEhOda f.) speakers in the Deipnosophistae of Athenaeus
25. CONSTANTINI PORPHYROGENITI PAEDAGO- (Epit. lib. i. p. 1, d., iv. p. 156, a., p. 159, e., p.
Gus. Theodore, tutor to the emperor Constan- 160, d., viii. p. 347, d., &c., xv. p. 669, b. e., ed.
tine Porphyrogenitus [CONSTANTINUS VII.] en- Casaub.). He is represented as a Cynic philosojoyed during the minority of that accomplished pher, a native of Megalopolis, and as laying aside
but weak prince, considerable influence in the his true name of Theodore for the epithet Cypalace. The attempt of Leo Phocas and his nulcus. Whether he was a real or imaginary perbrother-in-law, the chamberlain Constantine, to sonage is not known. The epithet Cynulcus," one