A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

PALLADIUS. PALLADIUS. 95.
mere imitation, while that which Aeneas brought chiefly from Galen, and does not require any more
to Italy was the genuine one. (Dionys. I. c.; special notice here. In most MSS. this work is
Pans. ii. 23. ~ 5; Ov. Fast. vi. 421, &c.) But if attributed to Stephanus Alexandrinus or Theowe look away from this twofold Palladium, which philus; but, as it is probably the treatise referred to
was probably a mere invention to account for its in the Commentary on the Epidemics (vi. 6, p. 164,
existence in more than one place, several towns both ed. Dietz), it is tolerably certain that Palladius
in Greece and Italy claimed the honour of possess- was the author. It was first published in Greek
ing the ancient Trojan Palladium; as for example, and Latin by J. Chartier, Paris, 1646, 4to.; an
Argos (Paus. ii. 23. ~ 5), and Athens, where it was improved edition, Gr. and Lat., with notes, was
believed that Diomedes, on his return from Troy, published by J. S. Bernard, Lugd. Bat. 1745, 8vo.;
landed on the Attic coast at night, without know- and the Greek text alone is inserted in the first
ing what country it was. He accordingly began volume of J. L. Ideler's " Physici et Medici
to plunder; but Demophon, who hastened to pro- Graeci Minores," Berol. 1841, 8vo. (Bernard's
tect the country, took the Palladium from Dio- Preface; Freind's Hist. of Ph/ysic; Sprengel's
medes. (Paus. i. 28. ~ 9.) This Palladium at Hist. de la /lied.; Haller's Bibliotl. Medic. Pract.;
Athens, however, was different from another imagep Dietz's Preface; Choulant's Ihandb. der Bichlerof Pallas there, which was also called Palladium, and kundeffir die Aeltere Aledicin.) [W. A. G.]
stood on the acropolis. (Paus. 1. e.) In Italy the PALLA'DIUS (IlaAAaiose), literary. 1. Of
cities of Rome, Lavinium, Luceria, and Siris likewise ALEXANDRIA. Caspar Barthins (Adversar. lib.
pretended to possess the Trojan Palladium. (Strab. v. c. 3) has ascribed to Palladius of Alexanvi. p. 264; Serv. ad Aen. ii. 166, &c.; Plut. Ca- dria the account of the discussion between Gremill. 20; Tac. Ann. xv. 41; Dionys. ii. 66.) gentius of Tephar and the Jew Herbanus, in the
Figures reminding us of the description we have of sixth century. [GREGENTIUS.] (Fabric. Bibl.
the Trojan Palladium are frequently seen in ancient Graec. vol. x. p. 115.]
works of art. [L. S.] 2. Of ALEXANDRIA, called IATROSOPHISTA, a
PALLA'DIUS (IaeXAc'tos), a Greek medical Greek physician. [See above.]
writer, some of whose works are still extant. No- 3. Of ASPONA. [No. 7.]
thing is known of the events of his life, but, as he 4. CHRYaSOSTOMI VITAE SCRIPTOR. [No. 7.]
is commonly called'Iaerp OLoqev7js, he is supposed 5. EPICRAMMaTICUS POETA [PALLADAS].
to have gained that title by having been a professor 6. GAL.ATA, the GALATIAN.
of medicine at Alexandria. His date is also very 7. Of HELENOPOLIS. The name of Palladius
uncertain; Choulant places him in the fourth cen- occurs repeatedly in the ecclesiastical and literary
tury after Christ (Handb. der Biicherkunde fUr history of the early part of the fifth century. The
die Aeltere Medicin), but most other writers in the difficulty is in detemnining whether these notices
seventh or eighth. All that can be pronounced refer to one individual or to more. We include
with certainty is that he quotes Galen, and is him- in this one article a notice of the author of the
self quoted by Rhazes, and must therefore have biographies usually termed the Lausiac History,
lived between the third and ninth centuries. We the author of the life of Chrysostom, and the bishop
possess three works that are commonly attributed of Helenopolis, and subsequently of Aspona, noto him, viz. 1. 1XtXLa EIs T arep't'A-ygv'Ir7ro- ticing, as we proceed, what grounds there are for:cpacovs," Scholia in Librum Hippocratis De Frac- belief or disbelief as to their being one and the
turis;" 2. Eis VEKToV n'V'EroLTV rycv'al r/,;LhTnI ca, same person.
"In Sextum (Pseudo-Hippocratisj Epidenmioruns Palladius, who wrote the Lausiac History, states
Librum Commentarius;" and 3. IIfp! nVpercT in the introduction, that he composed it in his'oivroos,lo0tSa, 1, De Febribus concisa Synop- fifty-third year; and as there is reason to fix the
sis." His Commentaries on Hippocrates are in a date of the composition in A. D. 419 or 420, his
great measure abridged from Galen, and of no par- birth may be placed in or about 367. He adds
ticular interest or value; they appear to have been also, that it was the thirty-third year of his moknown to the Arabian writers, as he is mentioned nastic life, and the twentieth of his episcopate. It
among the Commentators on H-Iippocrates by the is this last date which furnishes the means of deunknown author of the " Philosophorum Biblio- termining the others. The Latin versions of his
theca," quoted by Casiri, Bibliotl. Arabico-Hisp. history (c. 41, 1MIeurs., 43. Bibl. Pat.) make him
Escur. vol. i. p. 237. They have both of them reply to a question of Joannes of Lycopolis, an
come down to us imperfect. That on the work eminent Egyptian solitary, that he was a Galatian,
" De Fracturis" was translated into Latin by Jac. and a companion or disciple (ex sodalitate) of EvaSantalbinus, and first published by Fo'sius (Gr. grius of Pontus. But the passage is wanting in
and Lat.) in his edition of Hippocrates, Francof. the Greek text, and that not, as Tillemont thinks,
1595, fol. (sect. vi. p. 196, &c.); it is also to be from an error or omission of the printer, for the
found (Gr. and Lat.) in the twelfth volume of omission is found both in the text of Meursius
Chartier's Hippocrates and Galen, Paris, 1679, fol. (c. 41 ) and that of the Bibliotheca Patrum (c. 43);
The commentary on the sixth book of the Epi- so that the statement is not free from doubt. In two
demics was translated into Latin by.1. P. Crassus, other places he refers to his being a long time in
and published after his death by his son in the Galatia (c. 64, Meurs., c. 113, Bibl. Patr.). and
collection entitled " Medici Antiqui Graeci," &c. being at Ancyra (c. 98. Meurs., c. 114, Bibl. Patr.),
Basil. 1581, 4to.; the Greek text was published but these passages do not prove that he was born
for the first time by F. R. Dietz in the second there, for he was in that province in the latter part
volume of his " Scholia in Hippocratem et Gale- of his life. He embraced a solitary life, as already
num," Regim. Pruss. 1834, 8vo. The treatise on observed, at the age of twenty, which, if his birth
Fevers is a short work, consisting of thirty chap- was in A. D. 367, would be in A. D. 387. The
ters, and treats of the causes, symptoms, and treat- places of his residence, at successive periods, can
ment of the different kinds of fever. It is taken only be conjectured from incidental notices in the