A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

94 PALL-ADAS. PALL;ADIUAT.
The name of Palicanus, written with a k, PALI there is another epigram, the irony of which is
XANVS, occurs on several coins of the Lollia gens. manifest, in which he refers to statues of heathen
The specimen, given on the preceding page, has on deities being rescued from destruction by their
the obverse the head of Liberty, and on the reverse conversion into the images of Christian saints, an
the Rostra in the forum. (Eckhel, vol. v. p. 236.) important testimony, by the way, to the practice
PA'LICUS (IIcaxKoS), commonly found in the referred to (Paralip. e Cod. Vat. No. 67., vol. xiii.
plural Palici, IaAulcol, were Sicilian daemons, twin- p. 661, Jacobs; it is worthy of remark that the
sons of Zeus and the nymph Thaleia, the daughter title is rIaXXca'a roi tErecopov). But the clearest
of Hephaestus. Sometimes they are called sons of proof that he was not a Christian is furnished by
Hephaestus by Aetna, the daughter of Oceanus. his bitter epigram on the edict of Theodosius for
Thaleia, from fear of Hera, desired to be swallowed the destruction of the pagan temples and idols
up by the earth; this was done, but in due time (No. 70), the tone of which, and the reference of
she sent forth from the earth twin boys, who were the last three lines, especially the middle one, it is
called naxlAol, from T0v^ 7rdALv IK'eOal. They impossible to mistake: -
were worshipped in the neighbourhood of mount'EAXOvEs EO/LV, v, p ElreLe/.oE'e,
Aetna, near Palice; and in the earliest times hu-, x
VefcPfv EXOW'ES ~;\w[fas'E7Oa\tAlE'ov.
man sacrifices were offered to them. Their sanc- v r I e ay% I.
tuary was an asylum for runaway slaves, and near avepadP71 yap 7ravTa VVV Ta 7rpa-yua-a.
it there gushed forth from the earth two sulphureous Of the 147 epigrams in Brunck's Analecta (vol.
springs, called Deilloi, or brothers of the Palici; at ii. pp. 406-438), the 22nd is ascribed in the Vawhich solemn oaths were taken, the oaths being tican MS. to Lucian, and the 33rd to Rarus (but
written on tablets and thrown into one of the wells. to Palladas in the Planudean Anthology): on the
If the tablet swam on the water, the oath was other hand, there are to be added to the number.
considered to be true, but if it sank down, the oath on the authority of the Vatican MS., the one
was regarded as perjury, which was believed to be which stands tunder the name of Thlemistils
punished instantaneously by blindness or death. (Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 404), the 96th of Lu(Steph. Byz. s. v. IIa;Auc~; Aristot. 3Mirabil. Asus- cillius (Ib. p. 337), the 4412nd of the anonymous
cult. 58; Diod. xi. 89; Strab. vi. p. 275; Cic. epigrams (Anal. vol. iii. p. 245), and those numDe NAat. Deeor. iii. 22;,Virg. Aen. ix. 585, with bered 67, 1 ] 2-11 5, 132, and 206, in the Pcralithe note of Servius; Ov. Mlet. v. 406; Macrob. poniena e C(odice VTaticalo. (Jacobs, Ath. Gracc.
Sat. v. 19.) [L. S.] vol. iii. pp. 49, 112, 114-145, vol. iv. p. 212,
PALINU'RUS (InaAtvopos ), the son of Jasus, vol. xiii. pp. 661, 687-689, 699, 741, 927, 928;
and helmsman of Aeneas. The god of Sleep in Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. iv. pp. 485, 486.) [P. S.]
the disguise of Phorbas approached him, sent him to PALLAi'DIUM (fIahAaLov), is properly an
sleep at the helm, and then threw him down into the image of Pallas Athena, but generally an ancient
sea. (Virg. Aen. v. 833, &c.) In the lower world one, which was kept hidden and secret, and was
he saw Aeneas again, and related to him that on revered as a pledge of the safety of the town or
the fourth day after his fall, he was thrown by the place where it existed. Among these ancient
waves on the coast of Italy and there murdered, images of Pallas none is more celebrated than the
and that his body was left unburied on the strand. Trojan Palladium, concerning which there was the
The Sibyl prophesied to him, that by the command following tradition. Athena was brought up by
of an oracle his death should be atoned for, that a Triton; and his daughter, Pallas, and Athena once
tomb should be erected to him, and that a cave were wrestling together for the sake of exercise.
(Palinurus, the modern Punta della Spartivento) Zeus interfered in the struggle, and suddenly held
should be called after him. (Virg. Aen. vi. 337, the aegis before the face of Pallas. Pallas, while
&c.; Strab. vi. p. 252.) [L. S.] looking up to Zeus, was wounded by Athena, and
PA'LLADAS (IIakXdas), the author of a died. Athena in her sorrow caused an image of
large number of epigrams in the Greek Anthology, the maiden to be made, round which she hung the
which some scholars consider the best in the col- aegis, and which she placed by the side of the
lection, while others regard them as almost worth- image of Zeus. Subsequently when Electra, after
less: their real characteristic is a sort of elegant being dishonoured, fled to this image, Zeis threw
mediocrity. Almost all that we know of the poet it down from Olympus upon the earth. It came
is gathered from the epigrams themselves. down at Troy, where Ilus, who had just been
In the Vatican MS. lie is called an Alexandrian. praying to the god for a favourable omen for the
With regard to his time, he is mentioned by building of the city, took it up, and erected a sancTzetzes between Proclus and Agathias (Proleg.ad tuary to it. According to some, the image was
Lycopls. p. 285, Miiller); but a more exact indi- dedicated by Electra, and according to others it
cation is furnished by one of his epigrams (No. was given by Zeus to Dardanus. The image itself
115), in which he speaks of Hypatia, the daughter is said to have been three cubits in height, its legs
of Theon, as still alive: now Hypatia was mur- close together, and holding in its right hand a spear,
dered in A.D. 415. [HYPATIA]. He was a gram- and in the left a spindle and a distaff. (Apollod.
marian; but at some period he renounced the pro- iii. 12. ~ 3; Schol. ad Eurip. Orest. 1129; Diofession, which he complains that his poverty had nys. i. 69.) This Palladium remained at Troy
compelled him to follow: a quarrelsome wife until Odysseus and Diomedes contrived to carry it
afforded him another subject of bitter complaint in away, because the city could not be taken so long
his verses (Epig. 41 —46; comp. 9, 14). The as it was in the possession of that sacred treasure.
question has been raised whether he was a Chris- (Conon, Narr. 34; Virg. Aen. ii. 164, &c.) Actian or a heathen; but his epigrams leave little cording to some accounts Troy contained two Paldoubt upon the subject. To say nothing of a ladia, one of which was carried off by Odysseus
caustic distich on the number of the monks, which and Diomedes, and the other carried by Aeneas
a Christian might very well have written (Ep. 84), to Italy, or the one taken by the Greeks was a