A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

974 MATTHAEUS. MATUTA.
spect of seizing the throne. Both John and Italy, and was present at the councils of-Ferrara and
Matthaeus, however, were unable to prevent John Florence; and if we can trust Phranza (iii. 19), he
Palaeologus from taking Constantinople in the became, after the fall of the Greek capital, patriarch
month of January, 1355, an event which put an of Constantinople, under the name of Gennadius,
end at once to the reign of the father and the son, but finally abdicated and retired into a convent.
who both abdicated and retired into a convent. (Fabr. Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. p. 118, vol. xii. p. 107;
[JOANNES VI.] Matthaeus, who died before his Cave, Hist. Liter. Append. p. 110, ed. Geneva.)
father, or towards the end of the 14th century, 4. CAMARIOTA, a contemporary of the former,
was married to Irene Palaeologina, by whom he wrote: 1. " Synopsis Rhetorica," ed. Gr. et Lat.
had six children. [See CANTACUZENUS, genealo- D. Hoeschelius, Augsburg, 1595, 4to.: this work
gical table.] Matthaeus Cantacuzenus was a seems rather to be the production of the foregoing
learned man, and during his protracted residence Camariota. 2. " Orationes de Sacro Officio Pasin one of the convents of Mount Athos wrote dif- torali." 3. " Tres Canones Iambici s. Hymni."
ferent works, mostly commentaries on the Holy 4. "Canon lambicus de Christo atque ejus Cruce;"
Scriptures, of which several are extant in MS., and others extant in MS. (Cave, Hist. Lit.
and one of which has been published, viz. —"Com- Append. p. 110.)
mentarii in Cantica Canticorum," ed. Vincentius 5. EPIscoPus (Ioniae et Asiatidis Terrae EpisRichardus, 1624, fol.; he was perhaps also the au- copus), a Byzantine bishop of uncertain age, wrote
thor of " Commentarius in Sapientiam Salomonis," " Epistola ad Magnum Magnae Ecclesiae Constanextant in MS. (Cave Hist. Lit., Append. p. tinop. Chartophylacem," which begins pOiVOveOS
37..[W P.] 7rd s I VTOeS, and is extant in MS. (Cave.
MATTHAEUS (MaTiOaos), literary and ec- Hist. Lit. Append. p. 175.)
clesiastical. 1. ANGELUS, surnamed PANARETUS 6. HIEROMONACHUS, seems to be the same
('AyyAekos d Ilavape'os), was a Byzantine monk, person as Matthaeus Blastares. [BLASTARES.]
who held the office of ecclesiastical quaestor, but 7. PANARETUS. [See No. 1.]
whose time is very uncertain. Cave, however, 8. PATRIARCHA, was removed from the episcothinks him to be identical with the monk Panaretus pal see of Cyzicus to the patriarchate of ConstantiProtovestiarius, mentioned by Pachymeres (v. 17, nople; abdicated in 1395, and died in 1408. He
21), and who was one of the ecclesiastical ambas- wrote several treatises on religious subjects, of
sadors, whom the emperor Michael VIII. Palaeo- which are extant in MS.: "Testamentum, sive
logus sent in 1273 (74) to pope Gregory X. and Ultima Voluntas;" "Hypotyposis sive Informatio
the Council of Lyon, for the purpose of effecting a ad seipsum et ad Episcopos sibi subjectos." If
re-union of the Latin and Greek churches. Mat- he wrote this in 1398, as is presumed, he seems to
thaeus wrote: 1. "Antithesis contra Thomam have abdicated after that year, and not as early as
Aquinatem de Processione Spiritus Sancti." 2. 1395. (Cave, Hist. Liter. Append. p. 54, ed.
Against the same a treatise on the purgatory, en- Geneva; Oudin, Comment. de SS. Eccles. vol. iii.
titled fIIs o-lhv 6 eaUKlv, rod7ros EvOa atl *vXal p. 2209, &c., ad an. 1400.) [W. P.]
KaOatpovrat rpli, &c. 3. "Dissertatio contra La- MATU'RUS, MA'RIUS, was procurator of
tinos de Primatu Papae." 4. " Refutatio Sex Capi- the maritime Alps in the war between Otho and
tum a Latinis editorum in Defensionem Proces- Vitellius, A. D. 69, and enlisted on the side of the
sionis Spiritus Sancti ex Patre et Filio." 5. latter the mountaineers of his district. After
" Demonstratio in quot Absurditates Latini inci- Otho's death Maturus retained his post and was
dent dum Spiritum Sanctum etiam a Filio pro- for some time faithful to Vitellius. But as he was
cedere asserunt." 6. "Dissert. de aliis XXII. La- nearly surrounded by the enemy in Narbonne and
tinorum -Erroribus." 7. "Dissert. contra Latinos Cisalpine Gaul, and could not rely on the valour
de Azymis." These works are extant in MSS. or fidelity of his Alpine levies, he reluctantly
(Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 76; Cave, Hist. transferred his allegiance to,Vespasian. (Tac. Hist.
Liter. Append. p. 174, ed. Geneva.) ii. 12, 13, iii. 42, 43.) [W. B. D.]
2. BLASTARES. [BLASTARES.] MATU'TA, commonly called Mater Matuta, is
3. CAMARIOTA (6 KaaapLw'a), a native of usually considered as the goddess of the dawn of
either Constantinople or Thessalonica, was the son morning, and her name is considered to be conof a Greek priest who perished during the capture nected with maturus or matutinus (Lucret. v. 655;
of Constantinople by the Turks in 1453. Mat- August. De Civ. Dei. iv. 8); but it seems to be
thaeus, the son, was also present at the capture, well attested that Matuta was only a surname of
but survived the event. He is praised for his Juno (Liv. xxxiv. 53; P. Victor, Reg. Urb. xi.),
knowledge of philosophy and rhetorical talents. and it is probable that the name is connected with
He wrote: 1. " Epistola de capta Constantinopoli," mater, so that Mater Matuta is an analogous exa very prolix production, the greater extant por- pression with IIostus Hostilius, Faunus Fatuus,
tion of which was translated into Latin by Theo- Ajus Locutius, and others. If we look to the
dore Zygomala, and published with the Greek text ceremonies observed at her festival, the Matralia,
by M. Crusius in his "Turco-Graecia." 2. "Epi- which took place on the 11 th of June, we must
tome in Hermogenem et Rhetoricae Liber." 3. infer that they were intended to enjoin that people
"Synopsis Rhetorica." [See the following, No. 4.] should take care of the children of deceased brothers
4. "' Commentarii in Synesii Epistolas." 5. "En- and sisters, as if they were their own, and that
comium in tres Hierarchas, Basilium, Gregorium they should not be left to the mercy of slaves or
et Chrysostomum." 6. (perhaps) " Matthaei hirelings, who were in fact so odious to the goddess,
Monachi et Presbyteri Thessalonicensis de Divina that she delighted in their chastisement. (Tertull.
Gratia et Lumine, &c." 7. "Tractatus de iis qui De Monoagnm. 17; Plut. Quaest. Rom. 16, 17.)
Spuria et Aliena docent." Matthaeus was the A certain resemblance between these ceremonies
tutor of Georgius Scholarins. It would seem that and those of the Greek Leucothea led the Romans
in 1438 he accompanied John VII. Palaeologus to to identify Matuta and Leucothea, and thus to re