A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

84 EVENOR. EVENUS.
xxxiii. 12, xxxiv. 5; Strab. i. p. 47, ii. pp. 102, 40. vol. xviii. pt. i. p. 736.) He is very possibly
104, vii. p. 299); but the ridicule with which he the same person who is mentioned by Pliny (H.
is treated ~refers almost entirely to his pretending N. xx. 73, xxi. 105), and whose work entitled
to have visited the island of Panchaea, a sort of " Curationes" is quoted by Caelius Aurelianus.
Thule of the southern ocean; whereas his method (de.lIIorb. Acut. ii. 16. p. 115; de Morb. Chron.
of treating mythology is passed over unnoticed, iii. 8. p. 478.) [W. A. G.]
and is even adopted. His method, in fact, became EVE'NUS (Eglvos), the name of three mythiso firmly rooted, that even down to the end of the cal personages. (Hes. Tlzeog. 345; Hom. II. ii.
last century there were writers who acquiesced in 692, ix. 557; Plut. Parall. Min. 40; Apollod. i.
it. The pious believers among the ancients, on 7. ~ 8.) [L. S.]
the other hand, called Evemerus an atheist. (Plut. EVE'NUS (Eirqvos or Evrnvo's, but the former is
de Plac. Philos. i. 7; Aelian, V. H. ii. 31; Theo- more correct). In the Greek Anthology there are
phil. ad Autolyc. iii. 6.) The great popularity of sixteen epigrams under this name, which are, howthe work is attested by the circumstance that En- ever, the productions of different poets. (Brunck,
nius made a Latin translation of it. (Cic. de NTat. Anal. vol. i. pp. 164-167; Jacobs, Ant/i. Graec,
Dleor. i. 42; Lactant. de Fals. Relig. i. 11; Varro, vol. i. pp. 96-99.) In the Vatican MS. some
de Re Rust. i. 48.) The Christian writers often of the epigrams are headed Ev'tvov, the 7th is
refer to Evemerus as their most useful ally to prove headed Et ivov'AoKaAcovoTov, the 12th Efveou
that the pagan mythology was nothing but a heap'A6rlvafov, the 14th EhIzvoO ~LcEXLao'ov, and the
of fables invented by mortal men. (Hieron. Co- last Etivou vyp~atxacrTeov9.
lumna, Prolegom. in Evemerum, in his Q..Ennii The best known poets of this name are two
quae supersunt Fragm. p. 482, &c., ed. Naples, elegiac poets of Paros, mentioned by Eratosthenes
1590; Sevin, in the MHm. de l'Acad. des Inscript. (ap. Harpocrat. s. v. Eorlvos), who says that only
viii. p. 107, &c.; Fourmont, ibid. xv. p. 265, &c.; the younger was celebrated, and that one of them
Foucher, ibid. xxxiv. p. 435, &c., xxxv. p. 1, (he does not say which) was mentioned by Plato.
&c.; Lobeck, Aglaoph. i. p. 138, &c.) [L. S.] There are, in fact, several passages in which Plato
EVE'NIUS (EDl)vLos), a seer of Apollonia, and refers to Evenus, somewhat ironically, as at once a
father of Deiphonus. He was one of the most dis- sophist or philosopher and a poet. (Apolog. Soeer.
tinguished citizens of Apollonia; and one night, p. 20, b., Phaed. p. 60, d., Pliaedr. p. 267, a.)
when he was tending the sheep of Helios, which According to Maximus Tyrius (Diss. xxxviii. 4.
the noble Apolloniatae had to do in turns, the p. 225), Evenus was the instructor of Socrates in
flock was attacked by wolves, and sixty sheep poetry, a statement which derives some countenwere killed.' Evenius said nothing of the occur- ance from a passage in Plato (Phaed. I. c.), from
rence, but intended to purchase new sheep, and which it may also be inferred that Evenus
thus to make up for the loss. But the thing be- was alive at the time of Socrates's death, but at
came known, and Evenius was brought to trial. such an advanced age that he was likely soon to
He was deprived of his office, and his eyes were follow him. Eusebius (Chron. Arm.) places him
put out as a punishment for his carelessness and at the 80th Olympiad (B. c. 460) and onwards,
negligence. Hereupon the earth ceased to produce His poetry was gnomic, that is, it formed the
fruit, and the sheep of Helios ceased to produce vehicle for expressing philosophic maxims and opiyoung. Two oracles were consulted, and the an- nions. The first six of the epigrams in'the Anthoswer was, that Evenius had been punished un- logy are of this character, and may therefore be
justly, for that the gods themselves had sent the ascribed to him with tolerable certainty. Perhaps,
wolves among the sheep, and that the calamity too, the fifteenth should be assigned to him.
under which Apollonia was suffering should not The other Evenus of Paros wrote'EpoKTucd, as
cease until Evenius should have received all the we learn, from the express testimony of Artemireparation he might desire. A number of citizens dorus (Oneiroer. i. 5), and from a passage of Arrian:accordingly waited. upon Evenius, and without (Jiqpictet. iv. 9), in which Evenus is mentioned in
mentioning the oracles, they asked him in the conjunction with Aristeides. [See vol. i. p. 296.]
course of their conversation, what reparation he A few other fragments of his poetry are extant.
would demand, if the Apolloniatae should be wil- Among them is a line which Aristotle (Aletaling to make any. Evenius, in his ignorance phys. iv. 5, Eth. Eudem. ii. 7) and Plutarch
of the oracles, merely asked for two acres of the (Moral. ii. p. 1102, c.) quote by the name of Evebest land in Apollonia and the finest house in the nus, but which is found in one of the elegies of
city. The deputies then said that the Apolloniatae Theognis (vv. 467-474), whence it is supposed
would grant him what he asked for, in accordance that that elegy should be ascribed to Evenus.
with the oracle. Evenius was indignant when he There are also two hexameters of Evenus. (Arisheard how he had been deceived; but the gods tot. Ethl. Nicom. vii. 11.)
gave him a compensation by bestowing upon him None of the epigrams in the Anthology are exthe gift of'prophecy. (Herod. ix. 92-95; Conon. pressly assigned to this Evenus; but it is not unNarrat. 30, who calls him Peithenius instead of likely that the 12th is his. If the 8th and 9th,
Evenius.) [L. S.] on the Cnidian Aphrodite of Praxiteles, and the
EVE'NOR, a distinguished painter, was the 10th and 11th, on Myron's cow, are his, which
father and teacher of PARRHASIUS. (Plin. xxxv. seems not improbable, then his date would be
9. s. 36. ~ I; Suid., Harpocr., Phot., s. v.) He fixed. Otherwise it is very difficult to determine
flourished about B. c. 420. [P. S.] whether he lived before or after the other Evenus.
EVE'NOR (Ehve'p), a Greek surgeon, who As he was certainly less famous than the contemapparently wrote on fractures and luxations, and porary of Socrates, the statement of Eratosthenes
who must have lived in or before the third century that only the younger was celebrated, would imply
B. c., as he is mentioned by Heracleides of Tarentum that he lived before him: and this view is main(ap. Galen. Commnzent. in Hippocr. "De Artic." iv. tained, in opposition to the general opinion of