A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

MARCELLUS. MARCIA.'939
iii. 16, and Mr. Adams's note, vol. i p. 390), and the reigns of Pius and Marcus, the latter of which
is curious and interesting. The second fragment lasted near twenty years, should turn soldier under
is less interesting, and consists of about 100 Commodus, the successor of Marcus, in the year
verses. It was first published in a separate form A. D. 182. The soldier Marcellus may:have been
in Greek and Latin by Fred. Morell, Paris, 8vo. the son of the jurist.
1591, and is to be found in the first volume of The works of Marcellus mentioned in the FloFabricius, Bibl. Gr. ed. vet., and elsewhere. (See rentine Index are, thirty-one books of Digesta, six
Choulant, Handb. der Biiclerkunde fur die Aeltere books on the Leges Julia et Papia, and a book of
W~edicin.) [W. A. G.] Responsa. But there are excerpts from other works
MARCELLUS, SEX. VA'RIUS., a native of *of his in the Digest, as a work entitled "Publica"
Apameia, the husband of Julia Soemias, by whom (Dig. 3. tit. 2. s. 22), the object of which may be
he was the father of Elagabalus. [See genealogical collected from its being referred to under the title
table prefixed to CARACALLA.] He frequently " De iis qui infamia notantur;" on the office of a
discharged the duties of an imperial procurator, praesul (Dig. 4. tit. 4. s. 43) and on the office of
and was admitted into the senate. His various a consul, the fifth book of which is quoted by Mardesignations, titles, and distinctions, have been cianus (Dig. 40. tit. 15. s. 1). Marcellus also
preserved in a bilinguar inscription discovered near commented on the writings of Salvius Julianus
Velitrae, which was published at Rome in 1765, (Dig. 4. tit. 4. s. s. 11), and on Pomponius (Dig. 7.
accompanied by a dissertation, and which are given tit. 4. s. 29). Marcellus was commented on by
by Eckhel, vol. vii. p. 245. After him, Elagabalus Cervidius Scaevola (Dig. 24. tit. 1. s. 11) and
was originally called Varius Avitus Bassianus, and Ulpian. He is often cited by subsequent jurists;
he gave his'name to the Therimae Vrarianae, placed especially Paulus and Ulpian, and by Modestinus,
by Victor in the xiiitli Region. (Dion Cass. lxxviii. one of the latest of the jurists. There are 159 ex30.) [W. R.] cerpts from Ulpius Marcellus in the Digest. This
MARCELLUS, VICTO'RIUS, was the per- notice differs in some matters from that of Zimson to whom Quintilian dedicated his work, De mern, Geschichte des RoIm. Privatrechts, vol. ii. p.
Institutione Oratoria. He was apparently a man 358, whose authorities do not always agree with
of rank and learning. A son of Marcellus was his text. [G. L.]
educated by Quintilian. (Quint. Ep. ad Tryph., MARCIA'NA, the sister of Trajan, who, if we
fnst. i. proem. iii. proem. vi. proem. xii. fine.) See may believe the panegyric of Pliny (Paneg. 84),
Dodwell, Ann. Quintil. ~ 27. Statius inscribed the was a woman of extraordinary merits and virtue.
third book of his Silvae to Marcellus. [W. B. D.] She was the mother of Matidia, who was the moMARCELLUS, U'LPIUS. The period of this ther of Sabina, the wife of the emperor Hadrian
jurist is determined by Capitolinus (Antonin. Pius, [MATIDIbA], but we do not know the name of her
12), who states that Marcellus was one of the husband. We learn from Pliny that she received
legal advisers of the emperor Antoninus Pius, and from the senate the title of Augusta, which we also
enumerates with him, Salvius Valens, Javolenus, find upon coins and inscriptions; and after her death
and others. It also appears from his own writings she was enrolled among the gods, and is therefore
that Marcellus lived under Pius, for he mentions a called Diva on coins and inscriptions. The year
decision of Aurelius Antoninus (Dig. 35. tit. 1. s. of her death is uncertain; but it appears from one
48); if Aurelius Antoninus here means Pius, and inscription that she was alive in A. D. 106, and
not Marcus his successor. That he was living from another that she had ceased to live in A. D.
under the Divi Fratres, Marcus Antoninus and 115. It was in honour of her that Trajan gave
L. Verus, appears from a reference which he makes the name of Marcianopolis to a city in Lower:
to an oration of the two emperors respecting tutors Moesia, on the Euxine. (Eckhel, vol. vi. p. 467,
giving security (satisdatio). The passage is a &c.)
citation by Ulpian from Marcellus, and the term
Divi may be, and appears to be, the addition of
Ulpian, and therefore does not prove that Marcellus
survived Marcus Antoninus (Dig. 26. tit. 2. s. 19).
Marcellus also quotes a judgment of Antoninus. I
Augustus (Dig. 28. tit. 4. s. 3), by whom he means
M. Antoninus, as appears from his naming the
consuls Pudens and Pollio, who belong to A. D. 166.
The question turned upon a will, in which the COIN OF MARCIANA.
testator had cancelled the names of the heredes in
his testament, and his property was claimed by the MA'RCIA. 1. Wife of M. Atilius Regulus,
fiscus as bona caduca. The case was argued who was consul a second time B. C. 256, in thefirst
before the emperor by the advocati of the fiscus Punic war. (Sil. ital. vi. 403, 576.)
and the. advocati of the claimants under the will. 2. The wife of C. Julius Caesar, the grandfather:
The emperor's judgment was in favour of the equi- of the dictator, and the sister of Q. Marcius Rex,
table interpretation, but against the strict law. consul in B.c. 118. (Suet. Caes. 6.)
The conjecture that the Ulpius Marcellus, who 3. A vestal virgin, who was condemned along
commanded in Britain in the reign of Commodus, with Licinia in B. C. 113 by L. Cassius Longinus.
is the jurist, hardly needs refutation. The only For particulars and authorities see LICINIA, No. 2.
ground for it is the sameness of name, to which it 4. The second wife of M. Cato Uticensis, to
is objected that Dion Cassius, who speaks of the whom she bore many children, was the daughter of
military talent of Ulpius Marcellus, says nothing L. Marcius Philippus, consul B. C. 56. It was
of his legal reputation (Dion Cassius, lxxii. 8, and about the year B. c. 56 that Cato is related to have
the note of Reimarus). Besides this, it is very ceded her to his friend Q. Hortensius, with the
unlikely that a man who had been a jurist during approbation of her father: some remarks upon this