A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

93& IMARCELLUS.'-MARCELLUS.
should riow term a dissertation on synonymins, being us, and-most' of whom exist'in fragments only, as
a collection of words not in alphabetical order, well as from Plautus, Terence, Lucretius, Cicero,
which, although allied in signification, ~express dis- Virgil, and a few others, of whom we have more
tinct modifications of thought, such as auspuic un copious remains, thus affording many curious speciand augzrium, urbs and - civitas, superstitio and mens of what we can find nowhere else, and occareligio. sionally enabling us to correct and illustrate the
CAP. VI. De lnmpropriis, a collection of words, text of those productions which have been preserved
not in alphabetical order, which are frequently entire.
employed, not in their true and literal, but in a The Editio Princeps of Nonius Marcellus is,
figurative sense, such as!iber, fucus, rostrum; the according to the best bibliographic authorities, a
greater number of the examples, however, ought to folio volume, in Roman characters, without date
have been included in chapter iv. and without name of place or printer, but which is
CAP. VII. De Contrariis Generibus Verborum, known to have been printed at Rome, by George
a collection of verbs not in alphabetical order, Laver, about 1470. The first edition with a date
which, although usually deponent, are occasionally was published in'1471], and is, like the former,
found assuming the active form, and vice versa, without name of place or printer. The first critical
such as vagas for vagaris, contempla for contem- edition was that of Junius, 8vo. Antv. 1565,
plare, praesagitur for praesagit. Intermingled are which was followed by that. of Gothofredus, 8vo.
archaic forms, such as esuribo for esuriam, which Paris, 1586. Considerable reputation Was enjoyed
belong to c. x., and some of which are actually by the editions of Mercier, 8vo. Paris, 1583 and
repeated there, as ewpedibo for expediam; and some 1614, especially the second, which gave a new
archaic constructions, such as potior illam rem, recension of the text, and was reprinted at Leipzig,
liertatem uti, opus est illam rein, which are alto- 8vo. 1826. This, however, as well as every other,
gether out of place, but might have been inserted is now superseded by the. edition of Gerlach and
in chapter ix. Roth, 8vo. Basil, 1842, which is in every respect
CAP. VIII. De Mutata Declinatione, a collection infinitely superior to any of its predecessors. It
of nouns, not in alphabetical order, which vary in contains, as well as those of Junius, Gothofredus,
form or in declension, or in both, as itiner, iter; and Mercier, the tract of Fulgentius Planciades,
lacte, lac; poema, poematum; pervicus, pervicax; "De Prisco Sermrone." [FULGENTIUS.] (Osann,
senati, senatuis, senatus, for the genitive of senatus. Beitriige zur Griech. und Rom. Litteraturgescht.
CAP. IX. De Generibus et Casibus, a collection p. 381; Praef. ad ed. T. D. Gerlach, et C. L.
of passages in which one case seems to be substi- Roth.) [W. R.]
tuted for another, such asfastidit mei, non ego sum MARCELLUS, ORO'NTIUS, was the person
dignus salutis. to whom Longinus addressed his treatise IIepl
CAP. X. De Mutatis Conjugationibus, a collec- T6Xovs, or De Finibus. (Longin. Fr. 5. ed. Weiske.)
tion of verbs, not in alphabetical order, which are He was a pupil of Plotinus. (Porphyr. Vit. Plotia.
conjugated sometimes according to one form, some- 7.) A daughter of Marcellus studied philosophy,
times according to another, such as fervit and and married Porphyry, the biographer of Plotinus.
fesvet, cupiret and cuperet, lavit and lavat. Some (Cyril. contr. Julian. p. 209; Eunap. Vit. Sophist.
of the examples belong to c. vii., such. as possetur Porphyr.) [W. B. D.]
for posset, poteratur for poterat; others, such as MARCELLUS, a PHYSICIAN who appears to
expedibo, audibo, ought to have constituted a sepa- have lived in the first century after Christ in the
rate section. reign of Nero, A. D. 54-68. (Marcell. Empir. de
CAP. XI. De Indiscretis Adverbiis, a collection Medicaum. c. 20, p. 332, ed. H. Steph.) He is perhaps
of adverbs, not in alphabetical order, which occa- the same person who is quoted by Galen (DeRemed.
sionally appear under forms at variance with ordi- Parab. ii. 21, vol. xiv. p. 459), A'tius (iii. 1, 49,nary usage or with analogy, such as amiciter, p. 506), Paulus Aegineta (iii. 41, 79, iv. 11, vi. 48,
ampliter, fidele, memore, pugnitus, largitus. pp. 460, 498, 507, 570), and Alexander Trallianus,
CAP. XII. De Doctorumn Indayine, is a complete (viii. 8, p. 256, ed. H. Steph.)' [W. A. G.]
medley, being a sort of supplement to the preceding MARCELLUS, M. POMPO'NIUS, a grambooks, and containing, in addition, some curious marian, who sometimes also pleaded causes, lived
notices upon matters of antiquarian research. in the reign of Tiberius, and Was celebrated as a
CAP. XIII. -XVIII. are all in the style of the rigid purist in language. There is an anecdote
Onomasticon of Julius Pollux, each -containing a respecting this Marcellus and the emperor Tiberius
series of technical terms in some one department. related in Vol. I. p. 599, b. (Suet. de Illus. Gramne.
They are severally entitled De Genere Navigioreum, 22; Dion Cass. lvii. 17.)
De Genere Vestimentorum, De Genere. Vasorum vel MARCELLUS SIDE'TES, a native of Side in
Poculorum, De Genere vel Colore Vestimentorum, Pamphylia, was born towards the end of the first cenDe Genere Ciborum vel Pomorum, De Genere A-r tury after Christ, and lived in the reigns of Hadrian
morum, De Propinquitate, of which the last appears and Antoninus Pius, A. D. 1 17-161. He wrote a
to be an unfinished sketch. long medical poem in Greek hexameter verse, consistAlthough the attentive reader will soon discover ing of forty-two books, which was held in such estithat he can repose no confidence in the learning, mation, that it was ordered bythe emperors to be
critical sagacity, or logical precision of Nonius placed in the public libraries at Rome. (Suid. s. v.
MIarcellus, this compilation must ever be looked MaipceXAos, and Kuster's note; Eudoc. Violar.
upon as one of value, since it is in a great measure apud Villoison, Anecd. Graeca, vol. i. p. 299.) Of
made up of quotations from the early dramatists, this work only two fragments remain, one lIepl
annalists, satirists, and antiquaries, from Accius, AtKavOp6J7rov, De Lgcanthropia, and the other
Afranius, L. Andronicus, Caecilius, Ennius, No-'IaT-rpCd mrepl'IXONwv, De Remediis ex Piscibus.
nills, Pacuvius, Turpilius, Lucilius, Cato, and Varro, Of these the former is preserved (but in prose) by
writers whose chief works have not descended to Aetius (ii. 2, 11, p. 254; compare. Paul. Aegin.