A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

EVELTIION. EVEMERUS. 83
rewTue~Tpogeva, mentioned by Proclus and Lair- EVE'MERUS or EUHE'MERUS (Eivhiepos),
tins, whichis not, however, to be taken as the title a Sicilian author of the time of Alexander the
of a work:'Op-yavplc, mentioned by Plutarch: Great and his immediate successors. Most writers'Acrrpoevopa ot' er6v, by Suidas: two books, call him a native of Messene in Sicily (Plut. de
Evo7r'pov or Kd&o7r'rpov, and IaLvJueva, mentioned Is. et Os. 23; Lactant. de Fals. Relig. i. 11; Etym.
by Hipparchus, and the first by an anonymous M. s... poT'ns), while Arnobius (iv. 15) calls him
biographer of Aratus: rIspl Oeov ial Ko'!cov Kcal an Agrigentine, and others mention either Tegea
orCv Me6ewpoAeoyovUC6VwV, mentioned by Eudocia: in Arcadia or the island of Cos as his native place.
rirs rIlepoos, a work often mentioned by Strabo, (Athen. xv. p. 658.) His mind was trained in
and by many others, as to which Harless thinks the philosophical school of the Cyrenaics, who had
Semler's opinion probable, that it was written by before his time become notorious for their sceptiEudoxus of Rhodes. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol iv. cism in matters connected with the popular relip. 10, &c.; Weidler, Hist. Astron.; Diog. Lairt. gion, and one of whom, Theodorus, is frequently
iii. 86-91; Delambre, Hist. de l'Astron. Anc. vol. i.; called an atheist by the ancients. The influence
Hipparchus, Commzent. in Aratum; Bihmer, Dis- of this school upon Evemerus seems to have been
sertatio de Eudozo Cnidio, Helmstad. 1715; Ide- very great, for he subsequently became the founder
ler, in the Ablandl. der Berliner Akad. d. Wissen- of a peculiar method of interpreting the legends
scaaf/ for the year 1828, p. 189, &c., and for the and mythi of the popular religion, which has often
year 1830, p. 49, &c.; Letronne, Journal. d. Sav. and not unjustly been compared with the ration1840, p. 741, &c.) [A. DE M.] alism of some modern theologians in Germany.
EUDOXUS (Ev6o'os), a Greek physician, born About B. c. 316 we find Evemerus at the court of
at Cnidosiax Caria, who lived probably in the fifth Cassander in Macedonia, with whom he was conor fourth century B sc., as he was mentioned by nected by friendship, and who, according to Eusethe celebrated astronomer of the same name. (Diog. bius(Praep. Evang. ii. 2, p.59), senthim out on an
Lairt. viii. 90.) He is said to have been a great exploring expedition. Evemerus is said to have
advocate for the use of gymnastics. [W.A. G.] sailed down the Red Sea and round the southern
EUDOXUS (E66oto). - 1. An Athenian comic coasts of Asia to a very great distance, until he
poet of the new comedy, was by birth a Sicilian came to an island called Panchaea. After his reand the son of Agathocles. He gained eight vic- turn from this voyage he wrote a work entitled
tories, three at the city Dionysia, and five at the'Iepc'Avypa>opX, which consisted of at least nine
Lenaea. His NatKv'cXpos and'T'rbooAmeaos are books. The title of this " Sacred History," as we
quoted. (Apollod. ap. Diog. Lairt. viii. 90; Poll. may term it, was taken from the dcvaypapapi, or the
vii. 201; Zenob. Adag.' i. 1; Meineke, Frag. Corn. inscriptions on columns and walls, which existed
Graec. vol. i. p. 492, vol. iv. p. 508.) in great numbers in the temples of Greece, and
2. Of Rhodes, an historical writer, whose time Evemerus chose it because he pretended to have
is not known. (Diog. Laert. I. c.; Apollon. Hist. derived his information from public documents of
Com. 24; Etymn. Mag. s. v.'A~ptas: Vossius, de that kind, which he had discovered in his travels,
Hist. Graec. p. 59, ed. Westermann.) especially in the island of Panchaea. The work
3. Of Cyzicus, a geographer, who went from his contained accounts of the several gods, whom
native place to Egypt, and was employed by Pto- Evemerus represented as having originally been
lemy Evergetes and his wife Cleopatra in voyages men who had distinguished themselves either as
to India; but afterwards, being robbed of all his warriors, kings, inventors, or benefactors of man,
property by Ptolemy Lathyrus, he sailed away and who after their death were worshipped as gods
down the Red Sea, and at last arrived at Gades. by the grateful people. Zeus, for example, was,
IHe afterwards made attempts to circumnavigate according to him, a king of Crete, who had been a
Africa in the opposite direction, but without suc- great conqueror; and he asserted that he had seen
cess. (Strab. ii. pp. 98-100; Plin. ii. 67.) He in the temple of Zeus Triphylius a column with an
must have lived about B. c. 130. [P. S.] inscription detailing all the exploits of the kings
EVE'LPIDES (E&eArt'i8s), a celebrated oculist Uranus, Cronus, and Zeus. (Euseb. 1.c.; Sext.
in the time of Celsus, about the beginning of the Empir. ix. 17.) This book, which seems to have
Christian era, several of whose medical formulae been'written in a popular style, must have been
have been preserved. (Cels. de Med. pp. 120, 122, very attractive; for all the fables of mythology
123, 124.) - [W. A. G.] were dressed up in it as so many true and histoEVELPISTUS (Eve'dArr'Tos), an eminent sur- rical narratives; and many of the subsequent hisgeon at Rome, who lived shortly before the time torians, such as the uncritical Diodorus (see Fragm.
of Celsus, and therefore probably about the end of lib. vi.) adopted his mode of dealing with myths,
the first century B. C. (Cels. de Med. vii. praef. or at least. followed in his track, as we find to be
p. 137.) He is perhaps the same person one of the case with Polybius and Dionysius. Traces of
whose plasters is preserved by Scribonius Largus, such a method of treating mythology occur, it is
de Compos. Medicam, c. 215, p. 230. [W.A.G.] true, even in Herodotus and Thucydides; but
EVELTHON (EfOwpov), king of Salamis in Evemerus was the first who carried it out systeCyprus. When Arcesilaus III. was driven from matically, and after his time it found numerous
Cyrene in an attempt to recover the royal privi- admirers. In the work of Diodorus and other
leges, probably about B. C. 529 or 528 [see vol. i. historians and mythographers, we meet with innup. 477], his mother Pheretima fled to the court of merable stories which have all the appearance of
Evelthon, and pressed him with the most perse- being nothing but Evemeristic interpretations of
vering entreaties for an army to enforce her son's ancient myths, though they are frequently taken
restoration. The king at last sent her a golden by modern critics for genuine legends. Evemerus
spindle and distaff, saying that such were the more was much attacked and treated with contempt,
appropriate presents for women. (Her. iv. 162, and Eratosthenes called him a Bergaean, that is,
v. 104; Polyaen. viii. 47.) [E. E.] as great a liar as Antiphanes of Berga (Polyb.
G 2