A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

MANUEL. MARCELLA. 925
]255. The duration of his patriarchate is fixed streets. In A. D. 1283, after the accession of Androby Nicephorus Callisti, according to. Le Quien, at nicus II. Palaeologus, son of Michael, who pursued
eleven years, but the table in the Protrepticon of with respect to the union of the churches an oppoLabbe assigns to him fourteen years; so that A. D. site policy to that of his father, lolobolus appeared
1241 or 1244 will be assumed as the year of his in the synod of Constantinople, in which Joannes
accession, according as one or- the other of these Veccus [VEccvs] was deposed from the patriarchate
authorities is preferred. Manuel held, before his of Constantinople, and he took part in the subsepatriarchate, a high place among the ecclesiastics of quent disputations with that chief of the Latinizing
the Byzantine court then fixed at Nice, and was party. Little else is known of Holobolus (Georg.
reputed a man of piety and holiness "though Pachym. (e Mich. -Palaeol. iii. 11, iv. 14, v. 12,
married," and of mild and gentle disposition, but 20; De Andron. Palaeol. i. 8, 34, 35.)
by no means learned. The three Sententiae Sy- Holobolus wrote Versus Politiei in Michaelem
nodales of the patriarch Manuel, given in the Jus Palaeologum, cited in the Glossarium in'Scriptores
Graeco-Romanum, undoubtedly belong to this pa- Mied. et Is9fim. Graecitatis of Ducange, s. v.'Prw~p.
triarch, not to Charitopulus [see No. 4], for the These are probably the same verses which are
second of them, De Translatione Episcoporum, is extant in the Bodleian Library at Oxford, under
expressly dated July, Indict. 8, A. M. 6758, era of the title of Versus Politici XXV. de Vanilate omConstant. = A. D. 1250. Some works in MS., nium Rerum. 2. The'Epuxiq,1Za, Scholia in Arams
especially a letter to pope Innocent, by " Manuel Dosiadae, published by Valcknaer, in the Diatribe
Patriarcha CPol.," probably belong to the subject in Euripidis perditorum Dramatunm Reliquias (c.
of this article. (Georg. Acropolit. Annal. c. 42, xii.), subjoined to his edition of the Hippolytus of
51, 52, 53, pp. 39, 54, 56-, 57, ed. Paris, pp. 77, Euripides (4to. Leyden, 1768), may be probably
107, 110, 112, ed. Bonn; Ephraem. de Joan. ascribed to our Holobolus. But the Apologia ad
Duca. VFtatze, vs. 8860; De Theod. Duca. Lascare, Erotemata Francisci Ordinis Praedicatorumn Movs. 8922; De Patsiarch. CP. vs. 10,267, &c.; Le nacli, published, though in a mutilated form, in
Quien, Oriens Christ. vol. i. col. 279; Cave and theVariaScwra of LeMoyne (vol. i. pp. 268-293),
Oudin, as in No. 4; Fabricius, Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. appears to be by a later writer described as "Manuel
p. 668.) Rhetor," whom Cave places A. D. 1500, and whc
8. HOLOBOLus ('OAMdAos),a Byzantine writer lived for many years after that time. (Fabric.
of the latter part of the thirteenth century. When Biblioth. Graec. vol. xi. p. 669; Cave. Hist. Litt.
the ambitious. Michael Palaeologus [MICHAEL Appendix, ad ann. 1500, vol. ii. Appendix, p. 224.)
VIII.] deprived his youthful colleague Joannes 9. MOSCHOPULUS. [MOscHoPULUS.]
Lascaris [JoANNES IV.] of his eyes and his share 0. PHILE. [PHILE.]
in the empire, and sent him into banishment about 11. RHETOR. [No. 8.]
A. D. 1261 or 1262, Holobolus, then a lad pur- 12. STRABOROMANUS, a Byzantine writer of
suing his studies, was cruelly mutilated by order the time of Alexius Comnenus. He wrote on astroof Michael, his nose and lips being cut off, because logy, and some of his works are extant in MS.
he had expressed grief at the treatment of the (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 670.) [J. C. M.]
young emperor. The mutilated lad was confined MA'RATHON (MapaCehv), the hero eponymus
to the monastery of the Precursor (ro6 7rpo0psLeov), of the Attic town of Marathon. According to
where having excellent abilities and good oppor- some traditions, he was a son of Epopeus; and
tunity, he pursued his studies with such success, being driven from Peloponnesus by the violence of
that the patriarch Germanus III. of Constanti- his father,' he went to Attica. After his father'snople [GERMANUS, No. 8], shortly after his ac- death, he returned to Peloponnesus, divided his
cession to the patriarchate, A. D. 1267, procured inheritance between his two sons, and then settled
him to be appointed master of the school for the in Attica. (Panus. ii. 1. ~ 1, 15. ~ 4, 32,. 4.)
instruction of young ecclesiastics, and prevailed According' to others, Marathon was an Arcadian,
upon the emperor to remit his punishment, and and took part with the Tyndaridae in their expeallow him to quit the monastery. The patriarch dition against Attica, and in pursuance of an
also conferred upon him the ecclesiastical office of oracle, devoted himself to death before the beginning
rhetor, reader and expounder of the Scriptures, of the battle. (Plut. T/les. 32; comp. Philostr.
and showed him much kindness. When the em- Vit. Soph. ii. 7.) [L. S.]
peror formed the design of a reconciliation of the MA'RATHUS, JU'LIUS, a freedman of the
Greek and Latin churches, Holobolus was one of emperor Augustus, who wrote an account of the
the ecclesiastics of whose counsels he availed him- life of his master. (Suet. AUg. 79, 94.)
self. Holobolus, however, did not enter very MARCELLA. 1. Daughter of C. Marcellus,
heartily into the business; and, having been hurt C. F., and Octavia, the sister of Augustus. She
by a slight offered him by the emperor, he changed was married, first to M. Vipsanius Agrippa, who
sides, and when called upon to give his opinion in separated from her in B. C. 21, after the death of
a synod at Constantinople, declared against the her brother, Marcellus (No. 15), in order to marry
plan of reconciliation altogether. This drew from Julia, the daughter of Augustus. After this her
the emperor, who was present, an outburst of re- uncle gave her in marriage, secondly, to Julus
proach; to which the angry ecclesiastic gave so Antonius, the son of the triumvir [ANTONIUS, No.
blunt and undaunted a reply, that he was near 19], by whom she had a son Lucius. After his
being torn to pieces by the courtiers who surrounded death she married, thirdly, Sext. Appuleius, who
the emperor. He took sanctuary in the great was consul in A. D. 14, by whom she had a daughter,
church, but being taken from thence, was banished Appuleia Varilia. (Plut. Anton. 87; Dion Cass.
to the monastery of Hyacinthus at Nice, A. D. liii. 1, liv. 6; Vell. Pat. ii. 93, 100; Suet. Aug.
1273. Before long he was brought back to Con- 63; Tac. Ann. ii. 50.)
stantinople, cruelly beaten, and paraded with 2. Sister of the preceding. (Plut. Ant. 87;
various circumstances of ignominy through the Suet. Aug. 63.) [E. H. B.]